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Rattlesnakes Contract Their Tail Shaker Muscles at Frequencies Up to 90

Question 99

Multiple Choice

Rattlesnakes contract their tail shaker muscles at frequencies up to 90 hertz (90 times a second) to create their rattling sound; they move their body muscles much more slowly (about 5 hertz) to slither around. What contractile differences do you expect to find in the tail shaker muscles that result in their high contraction rate?


A) Other proteins, not actin and myosin, probably form the bulk of the muscle.
B) Fewer T-tubules are present, which will increase the speed of response to the initial muscle depolarization.
C) Calcium probably binds directly to tropomyosin rather than troponin. Skipping that extra molecule will allow a faster response.
D) The myosin molecules will have a high rate of ATP hydrolysis, which allows for a faster rate of cross-bridge cycling.
E) There is probably a structural difference between the shaker and slithering muscles-not a physiological difference.

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