Many of the specific functions that are triggered when a cell passes one of the cell cycle checkpoints result from activation of enzymes and other proteins. A common mechanism for this activation is:

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Phosphorylation of specific proteins is a common mechanism for activation of enzymes and other proteins during the cell cycle checkpoints. This phosphorylation can either activate or deactivate specific enzymes and proteins, which in turn triggers various functions within the cell cycle.

Many of the Specific Functions That Are Triggered When a Cell