The three-fifths clause in the U.S.Constitution:

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The three-fifths clause, also known as the Three-Fifths Compromise, counted each slave as three-fifths of a person for the purpose of calculating a state's representation in Congress. This gave the white South greater power in national affairs than the size of its free population warranted, because it resulted in the South having more seats in Congress than it would have had if only free persons were counted. This compromise was made during the Constitutional Convention of 1787, as a means of resolving the disagreement between the North and the South over how slaves should be counted for representation and taxation purposes.

The Three-Fifths Clause in the U.S.Constitution