In Which One of the Following Situations Would Sam Not

In which one of the following situations would Sam not be liable for the conduct of his partner, Joe?

A) They made it clear in their partnership agreement that they would not be liable for each other's actions.
B) Joe is in a partnership with Sam and injures a customer while doing partnership business.
C) Joe, without the knowledge or consent of his partner Sam, purchases a gross of patent leather shoes in the name of the partnership shoe business.
D) Joe absconds with trust funds he has accepted from a client in his accounting partnership with Sam.
E) Joe is in a partnership with Sam in a shoe store, and without telling Sam, Joe opens up a franchise of Kinney's Shoes in an adjoining municipality, which suffers a loss.