Which of the following dictate what is to be done in organizations and how work processes are to be coordinated and structured?

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Formal systems refer to the official, documented policies, procedures, and rules that dictate how work processes are to be organized, coordinated, and structured within an organization. These formal systems help promote efficiency, consistency, and standardization within an organization, and provide clear guidelines for employee behavior and decision-making. Informal systems, on the other hand, are the unofficial networks of relationships, norms, and beliefs that shape how work is actually done in an organization, and are not as clearly defined or structured as formal systems. Legitimate powers refer to the authority that comes with a formal position in an organization, such as a manager or supervisor. Self-interested politics and organizational politics refer to the ways in which individuals and groups in an organization compete for power, resources, and influence, often through manipulative or unethical tactics. While all of these factors can shape organizational behavior, formal systems are most directly responsible for dictating how work processes are coordinated and structured.

Which of the Following Dictate What Is to Be Done