During subduction, oceanic crust melts as it is pushed down into the hot mantle.

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Subduction zones are where two tectonic plates converge, and one of the plates (usually the denser oceanic plate) moves beneath the other plate and into the mantle. As the oceanic crust descends deeper into the mantle, it is subjected to high temperatures and pressures, causing it to melt and form magma. This magma can then rise back up to the surface and form volcanoes.

During Subduction, Oceanic Crust Melts as It Is Pushed Down