Deck 7: Nutrition

Question 1

Mrs. Raymonds is a 24-year-old patient who has presented for a routine concern over her current weight. In your patient teaching with her, you explain the importance of macronutrients. Which of the following is a macronutrient?

A) Iron
B) Thiamine
C) Calcium
D) Fat

Answer 1

Fat

Question 2

When using rule of thumb estimates of energy needs of healthy adults, how many kcal/kg are required to maintain the individual's current weight?

A) 20
B) 30
C) 40
D) 50

Answer 2

30

Question 3

In counseling a client regarding nutrition education, you explain that linoleic acid, a major fatty acid, is thought to be essential for:

A) glycogen storage in the liver.
B) normal growth and development.
C) myocardial cell function.
D) building and maintaining tissues.

Answer 3

normal growth and development.

Question 4

Ms. A's major risk factor for developing an eating disorder is having:

A) parents who stress academia and social acceptance.
B) a first-degree relative with an eating disorder.
C) siblings who are low academic achievers.
D) parents who stress the importance of the food pyramid.

Question 5

Which of the following is the most accurate reflection of an individual's food intake?

A) Twenty-four-hour diet recall
B) Food diary
C) Computerized nutrient analysis
D) Serum protein assay

Question 6

Which age group requires the highest percentage of dietary fat intake?

A) Infants and children up to 2 years of age
B) Children between 2 and 10 years of age
C) Adolescents
D) Older adults

Question 7

Mr. Jones is a 45-year-old patient who presents for a physical examination. On examination, you note costochondral beading, an enlarged skull, and bowed legs and diagnose him with rickets. A deficiency of which fat-soluble micronutrient can result in rickets?

A) Vitamin A
B) Vitamin E
C) Vitamin D
D) Vitamin K

Question 8

Under normal circumstances, how much water is lost daily by the body?

A) 1 to 1.5 liters
B) 2 to 2.5 liters
C) 3 to 4 liters
D) 5 to 6 liters

Question 9

Mrs. Hartzell is a 34-year-old patient who has presented for nutritional counseling because she is a vegetarian. Deficiency of which of the following is a concern in the vegetarian diet?

A) Ascorbic acid
B) Vitamin B₁₂
C) Folate
D) Fiber

Question 10

The largest proportion of total energy expenditure by the body occurs through:

A) thermogenesis.
B) digestive processes.
C) resting energy.
D) physical activity.

Question 11

Macronutrients are so named because they:

A) have high molecular weights.
B) form long chemical chains.
C) tend to increase waist measurements.
D) are required in large amounts.

Question 12

Mrs. Wade is a 51-year-old patient who presents for a follow-up visit. In reviewing her nutritional history and diagnostic studies, you have diagnosed her with osteoporosis. Deficiency of which micronutrient is implicated in osteoporosis?

A) Phosphorus
B) Calcium
C) Iron
D) Zinc

Question 13

Mrs. Webb is a 38-year-old patient who has been changing her lifestyle to eat in a healthy way and lose weight. During your health promotion education regarding her nutritional status, you explain the function of dietary protein as:

A) providing an energy source for the brain.
B) building and maintaining tissues.
C) participating in specific detoxifying metabolic pathways.
D) synthesizing and regulating hormones.

Question 14

A college student comes to the student health center complaining of difficulty in concentrating during class and while studying. The diet that would contribute to this problem is one that contains mostly:

A) fruit and vegetables.
B) lean meat and fish.
C) sandwiches and diet drinks.
D) pasta and chicken.

Question 15

Which of the following is the most vital nutrient?

A) Protein
B) Carbohydrate
C) Fat
D) Water

Question 16

Mr. Williams, a 62-year-old patient, presents for a physical examination. You suspect a vitamin D deficiency. Which of the following assessment findings might lead the examiner to suspect vitamin D deficiency?

A) Spinal curvature and bowed legs
B) Night blindness and dry eyes
C) Neuropathy and seizures
D) Nausea and insomnia

Question 17

Mr. Miles is a 45-year-old man who is being evaluated for obesity. Advising Mr. Miles to reduce which macronutrient will produce the greatest calorie reduction per gram?

A) Carbohydrate
B) Protein
C) Fat
D) All provide the same number of calories per gram.

Question 18

Ms. Otten is a 45-year-old patient who presents with a complaint of weight gain. Which medication is frequently associated with weight gain?

A) Diuretics
B) Oral hypoglycemics
C) Laxatives
D) Steroids

Question 19

Mrs. Grace is a 58-year-old patient who has a diagnosis of pernicious anemia. Which B vitamin is deficient in patients with pernicious anemia?

A) B₁
B) B₂
C) B₆
D) B₁₂

Question 20

The body handles excess carbohydrate ingestion by:

A) storing it as fat.
B) raising the metabolic rate.
C) excreting it in urine and stool.
D) enzyme degradation.

Question 21

You are using the rule of thumb for advising a 150-pound person regarding the appropriate number of calories to promote weight loss. Your advice is for the person to consume no more than _____ calories daily.

Question 22

A 17-year-old girl presents to the clinic for a sports physical. Physical examination findings reveal bradycardia, multiple erosions of tooth enamel, and scars on her knuckles. She appears healthy otherwise. You should ask her if she:

A) binges and vomits.
B) has regular menstrual periods.
C) has constipation frequently.
D) is cold intolerant.

Question 23

The adult recommended dietary fat intake should be _____ g/day.

Question 24

Ms. Davis is a 27-year-old patient with a BMI of 33. Based on her BMI, your diagnosis would be:

A) normal body weight.
B) overweight.
C) obese.
D) extremely obese.

Question 25

The recommended carbohydrate content of total dietary intake (% total calories) is ____%.

Question 26

Monitoring a patient's waist-to-hip ratio provides data concerning:

A) daily caloric requirements.
B) lung capacity.
C) stomach cancer risk.
D) cardiovascular disease risk.

Question 27

The recommended minimum daily protein requirement for the normal adult is ______.