Deck 13: A: Psychological Disorders

Question 1

According to the cognitive model of psychological disorders,maladaptive behavior is produced by:

A)learning.
B)a malfunction in sensory input.
C)physical problems.
D)irrational beliefs or attitudes.

Answer 1

irrational beliefs or attitudes.

Question 2

The _______ approach to psychological disorders suggests that we learn abnormal behaviors just as we learn other behaviors.

A)cognitive
B)rational
C)motivation
D)learning

Answer 2

learning

Question 3

The behavioral model suggests that abnormal behavior is the result of _______.

A)learning
B)biology
C)unconscious conflicts
D)biochemical imbalances

Answer 3

learning

Question 4

Thinking in a self-defeating,illogical,and unrealistic manner causes abnormal behavior,according to the _______ model.

A)humanistic
B)systems
C)psychoanalytic
D)cognitive

Question 5

Modern attempts to classify psychological disorders date back to ____________.

A)Sigmund Freud
B)Aristotle
C)Emil Kraepelin
D)the humanistic movement

Question 6

The learning approach to psychological disorders suggests that:

A)we learn abnormal behaviors just as we learn other behaviors.
B)what is learned cannot be unlearned.
C)we must find the cause of a disorder before it can be treated.
D)none of the above

Question 7

Although most psychologists take into account all of the definitions of abnormal behavior,many give SPECIAL attention to which of the following considerations?

A)maladjustment and personal distress dimensions
B)the issue of control
C)statistical definition
D)cultural definition

Question 8

During the Middle Ages,abnormal behavior was frequently attributed to:

A)unconscious processes.
B)unbalanced bodily processes.
C)social upheaval.
D)demon possession.

Question 9

The _______ approach to psychological disorders explains mental illness in much the same way that we today explain physical illnesses.

A)mystical
B)medical
C)learning
D)systems

Question 10

Which perspective was first used to explain abnormal behavior?

A)mystical
B)mythical
C)medical
D)psychoanalytic

Question 11

Dave's wife suggests that he talk to a doctor because of his crippling fear of heights.The doctor suggests that Dave's phobia is a learned disorder that can be unlearned with proper treatment.This view is typical of the _______ model of abnormality.

A)biological
B)cognitive
C)behavioral
D)psychoanalytic

Question 12

In the movie "The Exorcist," a Catholic priest performed religious rituals to cast out a demon that made a young girl act abnormally.This illustrates which perspective on the causes of abnormal behavior?

A)mystical
B)mythical
C)medical
D)psychoanalytic

Question 13

Edith's strange behavior has led her daughter,Anne,to consider institutionalizing her.Edith's mother and grandmother were both institutionalized in their lifetimes and Anne has already sought psychiatric help.Edith's strange behavior BEST fits the _______ model of abnormality.

A)psychoanalytic
B)biological
C)intrapersonal
D)behavioral

Question 14

During the Middle Ages,bizarre behavior was commonly explained as due to _______ factors.

A)behavioral
B)biomedical
C)sociological
D)supernatural

Question 15

Dave's mother suggests that he talk to a doctor because of his crippling feelings of inferiority.The doctor suggests that Dave's problem stems from internal processes such as unrealistic expectancies and negative thinking.This view is typical of the _______ model of abnormality.

A)biological
B)cognitive
C)behavioral
D)psychoanalytic

Question 16

With which perspective on mental disorder is John Watson associated?

A)behavioral
B)biomedical
C)psychodynamic
D)sociological

Question 17

The DSM-IV-TR identifies dissociative identity disorder as

A)panic disorder.
B)dissociative identity disorder.
C)dissociative fugue.
D)schizophrenia.

Question 18

The cognitive model suggests that abnormal behavior results from _______.

A)unconscious conflicts
B)biochemical imbalances
C)faulty reinforcement
D)conscious mental processes

Question 19

It seems to Joanna that every time her son Daniel eats foods containing chemical dyes or additives,he gets into trouble or acts irrationally.When Joanna mentions this to her pediatrician,the doctor tells Joanna that Daniel's behavior fits the _______ model of abnormality.

A)psychoanalytic
B)biological
C)intrapersonal
D)behavioral

Question 20

The biological model holds that abnormal behavior is related to ______.

A)hereditary factors
B)learning
C)unconscious conflicts
D)cognitive processes

Question 21

Sudden,paralyzing episodes of fear describe which type of anxiety disorder?

A)phobia
B)generalized anxiety
C)panic
D)obsessive-compulsive

Question 22

DSM-IV-TR is most helpful because:

A)it includes treatments for each disorder.
B)it allows the practitioner to determine the cause of the disorder.
C)it allows disorders to be classified on five separate dimensions.
D)a disorder can be determined with questionnaire data

Question 23

Allen is in a constant state of dread.He has trouble sleeping,feels tense,and cannot concentrate.Allen will likely be diagnosed as which anxiety disorder?

A)phobia
B)generalized anxiety
C)panic
D)obsessive-compulsive

Question 24

The DSM-IV-TR contains __________ axes.

A)2
B)4
C)5
D)6

Question 25

Axis 4 of the DSM-IV-TR attempts to rate the individual's level of __________.

A)GAF (Global Assessment of Functions)
B)stress
C)"normality"
D)life functioning (social)

Question 26

Which of the following statements about DSM-IV-TR is NOT true?

A)It was developed by the American Psychiatric Association.
B)It does not require extensive training to use it.
C)The system is difficult to grasp.
D)It says little about causes of disorders.

Question 27

DSM-IV-TR classifies people along five axes and _____ disorders.

A)interprets
B)speculates on causes of
C)describes symptoms of
D)prescribes treatment for

Question 28

Martha vacuums the carpet in her living room 15 times a day.It is very likely that she is suffering from which of the following disorders?

A)obsessive-compulsive
B)conversion
C)PTSD
D)somatoform

Question 29

The latest version of the classification system used by psychologists is:

A)DSM II.
B)DSM III.
C)DSM-IV-TR.
D)DSM IV.

Question 30

A severe anxiety reaction that takes place immediately,or very soon,after an extremely stressful event is known as __________.

A)posttraumatic stress disorder
B)generalized anxiety disorder
C)panic disorder
D)acute stress disorder

Question 31

Someone with "stage fright" might have a(n)

A)particular phobia.
B)environental phobia.
C)specific phobia.
D)social phobia.

Question 32

A person who is constantly "on edge" and always apprehensive most likely suffers from

A)phobic disorder.
B)panic disorder.
C)obsessive-compulsive disorder.
D)generalized anxiety disorder.

Question 33

DSM-IV-TR defines mental disorders according to ______.

A)significant behavior patterns
B)family histories
C)various theoretical approaches
D)causes of disruptive behavior patterns

Question 34

Your aunt prefers to stay in her home and avoid public places and social situations.She would be diagnosed with

A)agoraphobia.
B)ailurophobia.
C)cynophobia.
D)specific phobia.

Question 35

A recurring irrational thought that cannot be controlled or banished from one's mind is called a/an _______.

A)phobia
B)obsession
C)hypnagogic image
D)compulsion

Question 36

Which of the following statements about post-traumatic stress disorder is NOT true?

A)There are recurrent dreams and nightmares.
B)It is confined to Vietnam War veterans.
C)Common feelings are pain,guilt,and fear.
D)Concentration is impaired.

Question 37

June often experiences episodes during which her heart rate accelerates by more than 50 beats per minute despite encountering no emergency.June suffers from

A)obsessive-compulsive disorder.
B)generalized anxiety disorder.
C)acrophobia.
D)panic disorder.

Question 38

DSM-IV-TR was designed to provide a complete list of _______.

A)treatment models
B)health providers
C)mental disorder
D)innate predispositions

Question 39

Harry has an intense,irrational fear of being in public places.He is probably suffering from __________.

A)conversion reaction
B)learned helplessness
C)paranoia
D)agoraphobia

Question 40

Phobias,obsessive-compulsive disorder,and post-traumatic stress disorder are all types of __________ disorders.

A)psychosomatic
B)somatoform
C)anxiety
D)dissociative

Question 41

Destruction of one's home or community is MOST likely to result in which of the following?

A)PTSD
B)a phobia
C)a panic disorder
D)an obsession

Question 42

Ritualistic behavior is associated with which of the following disorders?

A)anxiety
B)obsessive-compulsive
C)somatoform
D)conversion

Question 43

In an obsessive-compulsive reaction,the _______ is the thought and the _______ is the action carrying out the thought.

A)compulsion; obsession
B)obsession; compulsion
C)compulsion; panic
D)obsession,anxiety

Question 44

Anxiety disorders run in families and are twice as common in _______ as in _______.

A)males; females
B)females; males
C)adolescents; young adults
D)male adolescents; female adolescents

Question 45

An intense,paralyzing fear of a specific object,person,situation,or thing in the absence of any real danger is a _______.

A)panic disorder
B)phobic disorder
C)conversion reaction
D)compulsive disorder

Question 46

A(n)______ is an irrational behavior which you cannot control.

A)compulsion
B)obsession
C)regression
D)depression

Question 47

An overwhelming desire to set fires is called a/an:

A)obsession.
B)phobia.
C)compulsion.
D)somatoform.

Question 48

A repetitive,ritualistic behavior that a person feels driven to perform is called a(n)________.

A)compulsion
B)obsession
C)impulse
D)delusion

Question 49

A compulsion is:

A)a recurring irrational thought which you cannot put out of your mind.
B)a behavior that you cannot control.
C)an inability to express your emotions.
D)all of the above

Question 50

Re-experiencing a traumatic event long after the event is associated with _______ disorder.

A)generalized anxiety
B)panic
C)phobic
D)PTSD

Question 51

Which of the following is TRUE of phobics?

A)They are below average in intelligence.
B)Men are more likely to suffer from phobias than women.
C)Phobics usually do not recognize the irrationality of their fear.
D)Women are more likely to suffer from phobias than men.

Question 52

Acts that "must be done" are called:

A)compulsions.
B)obsessions.
C)motor impulses.
D)preservative impulses.

Question 53

Involuntary ideas that keep recurring despite the person's efforts to stop them are called _______.

A)compulsions
B)obsessions
C)impulses
D)panic attacks

Question 54

Harry has an intense,irrational fear of being in public places.He is probably suffering from ________.

A)goraphobia
B)paranoia
C)learned helplessness
D)conversion reaction

Question 55

An obsession is:

A)a recurring irrational thought which you cannot put out of your mind.
B)a behavior which you cannot control.
C)an inability to control your emotions.
D)a and b

Question 56

Thoughts that repeatedly intrude into consciousness against one's will are called:

A)compulsions.
B)loose associations.
C)neologisms.
D)obsessions.

Question 57

An irrational fear of an object or event is called a/an:

A)phobia.
B)compulsion.
C)panic.
D)obsession.

Question 58

Obsessions and compulsions:

A)appear to be based on very different psychodynamics.
B)always occur together.
C)often occur together.
D)rarely occur together.

Question 59

Fears of snakes,thunderstorms,darkness,and water are classified as ________ phobias.

A)simple
B)primary
C)social
D)innate

Question 60

Arlene has an intense,irrational fear of flying in airplanes.She is probably suffering from a _______.

A)somatoform disorder
B)neurotic depression
C)phobic disorder
D)conversion reaction

Question 61

An affective disorder that includes both depression and mania is known as __________ disorder.

A)bipolar
B)dual process
C)histrionic
D)obsessive-compulsive

Question 62

Most psychoanalytic theorists believe that anxiety disorders are the result of _______.

A)unconscious conflict
B)learned helplessness
C)lack of reinforcement
D)primary drives

Question 63

Feeling fearful but not knowing why is characteristic of ______.

A)phobias
B)anxiety disorders
C)dissociative neurosis
D)amnesia

Question 64

If a person's comments and behaviors suggest that he or she might be thinking about suicide,asking direct questions about suicide:

A)will only put ideas in the person's head.
B)should only be done by professionals.
C)should be followed by a call to a suicide prevention centers if the answers raise more concern about suicide.
D)will usually prevent suicide.

Question 65

Which of the following people is most likely to commit suicide?

A)an elderly white male
B)an adolescent white male
C)an elderly African-American male
D)an adolescent African-American male

Question 66

The clearest examples of anxiety disorders are _______.

A)compulsions
B)phobias
C)panic attacks
D)obsessions

Question 67

Learned helplessness is a possible explanation for which disorder?

A)dissociative
B)dissociative identity disorder
C)depression
D)anxiety

Question 68

High energy level,distractibility,increased sex drive,and positive self image are MOST associated with which of the following disorders?

A)schizophrenia
B)mania
C)depression
D)bipolar

Question 69

John's behavior appears normal,then he becomes depressed and hyperactivity follows.He would likely be diagnosed as having which disorder?

A)mania
B)schizophrenia
C)bipolar
D)depressive

Question 70

Last month Pam was giddy,impulsive,and talkative; this month she is sad,silent,and almost motionless.What is the most likely diagnosis in this case?

A)severe depression
B)anxiety disorder
C)somatoform disorder
D)bipolar disorder

Question 71

Abnormally high energy level,distractibility,increased sex drive,and positive self-image are MOST associated with which of the following disorders?

A)schizophrenia
B)mania
C)depression
D)bipolar

Question 72

The most common psychological disorder is:

A)phobia.
B)schizophrenia.
C)depression.
D)mania.

Question 73

A young boy is attacked by a large dog.He is now terribly afraid of all large dogs.His phobia of dogs is BEST explained by ________ theory.

A)behavior
B)psychoanalytic
C)psychobiological
D)humanistic

Question 74

Darcy is sitting at her desk in her office one day when she is,without warning,overcome by feelings of intense fear,losing control of herself.Her terror is so great that all she can do is sit at her desk shaking and crying.Nothing she was doing at the time would seem to have caused such an episode.Her symptoms most resemble _______.

A)phobic disorder
B)posttraumatic stress
C)panic attack
D)affective disorder

Question 75

Which of the following is NOT a symptom of depression?

A)hallucinations
B)loss of appetite
C)inability to sleep properly
D)self-blame

Question 76

Which of the following is a mood disorder?

A)obsessive-compulsive disorder
B)dissociative identity disorder
C)narcissistic personality disorder
D)bipolar disorder

Question 77

An episode of intense sadness that may last for several months is called __________.

A)bipolar disorder
B)hypomania
C)major depressive disorder
D)dysthymia

Question 78

The term _____ refers to the tendency of some persons to reliably become depressed during the winter months.

A)seasonal affective disorder
B)cold weather blues
C)Christmas depression syndrome
D)short-day affective disorder

Question 79

A person who suffers from bipolar disorder alternates between

A)depression and mania.
B)depression and schizophrenia.
C)mania and schizophrenia.
D)anxiety and mania.

Question 80

While Sid is sitting at his desk at work an image of harming his young son pops into his mind.Each time this occurs,he touches all four corners of his desk in a particular order.Sid probably suffers from

A)generalized anxiety disorder.
B)agoraphobia.
C)obsessive-compulsive disorder.
D)panic disorder.