Deck 2: Planning a Study

Question 1

Inductive and deductive

A)are two approaches to reasoning in a study method.
B)cannot be used together.
C)reasoning are the same thing.
D)refer to quantitative research only.

Answer 1

A

Question 2

Which of the following is NOT a part of the Six Step Process of Literature Review?

A)refine the topic
B)read books
C)design your study
D)organize notes,synthesize and write the review

Answer 2

A

Question 3

What is NOT needed for a causal explanation?

A)time order
B)spuriousness
C)association
D)ruling out of alternative causal factors

Answer 3

B

Question 4

When does a researcher focus the research question when his/her research uses quantitative data?

A)early in the process
B)proceed slowly and focus on a research question after s/he gathers data
C)once the research is exactly 25 percent complete
D)never

Question 5

For what reason(s)would a researcher NOT conduct a literature review?

A)It provides examples of research designs,measures and techniques.
B)It may stimulate curiosity.
C)It presents what is known of the topic.
D)It is more fun to read than a novel.

Question 6

A causal hypothesis

A)has no link to time order.
B)has at least ten variables.
C)specifies how the variables are connected.
D)has a null hypothesis involved.

Question 7

In a grounded theory explanation a researcher builds the explanation by

A)doing a background check.
B)making comparisons.
C)checking on the internet.
D)finding a common element and ruling it out.

Question 8

Which of the following topics is an appropriate topic for social research?

A)For what four reasons do first graders like reading Dr.Seuss?
B)Why do I have a headache every Monday morning?
C)Why do my neighbors drive a red car?
D)Why does Dr.Marsh appear to be incompetent?

Question 9

Mr.Marsh is starting his literature review on the topic of children and tooth decay.He has found lots and lots of information and now he is really confused as to his next step.What do you think that he should have done first?

A)design his search
B)locate research reports
C)done peer review
D)refined the topic

Question 10

Researchers test hypotheses in two ways: a straightforward way and

A)by using the null hypothesis.
B)by using dependent variables.
C)by using qualitative analysis.
D)by taking a nonlinear path.

Question 11

What questions should you ask when taking notes while reading material for your literature review?

A)How many researchers worked on this project?
B)What is the studyȇs basic design?
C)How long did it take the author to do the research?
D)Which of the researchers designed the experiment or survey?

Question 12

What question will help identify the independent variable?

A)Do all the researchers agree that the variable is independent?
B)Can the variable stand on its own?
C)Does it come earlier in time?
D)How many variables are there?

Question 13

Spuriousness is

A)the dependent variable.
B)the independent variable.
C)an illusionary relationship resulting from an unacknowledged other variable that is a cause of both the independent and dependent variable.
D)something that should be encouraged in all research.

Question 14

In the cause-effect statement the cause variable is

A)the independent variable.
B)the dependent variable.
C)the quantitative variable.
D)the qualitative variable.

Question 15

Which of the following is NOT true? Scholarly journals

A)are commonly found in college or university libraries.
B)have a reference or bibliography section that lists sources in detail.
C)have peer-reviewed articles within them.
D)are not part of any index location system.

Question 16

One of the features that a researcher should consider in selecting an appropriate study topic is

A)where he lives.
B)his history.
C)aggregates.
D)cost of obtaining the data.

Question 17

Mr.Love is putting together a reference list,but he is unsure of exactly what he should be doing.Which of the following are appropriate?

A)He should create his own format style.
B)He should ensure that he is using the correct order of references.
C)All references should start with capital letters and be in reverse alphabetical order.
D)No more than 10 references should ever be listed.

Question 18

Which of the following might be considered a type of periodical that a researcher might consider in a literature search?

A)novels
B)peer-reviewed scholarly journal
C)MySpace page
D)my personal blog

Question 19

If a researcherȇs question is about reasons for an increase in the birth rate in Phoenix,AZ,then the dependent variable is

A)the birth rate in Phoenix.
B)the reason for increase.
C)the number of babies in the world.
D)twins.

Question 20

Qualitative research is NOT

A)usually inductive.
B)causal.
C)usually number-related.
D)used to discover the meaning of a social setting.

Question 21

Which of the following is NOT true for quantitative research?

A)approach is deductive
B)path is linear
C)Ideas are expressed in the form of district variables.
D)Data is in the form of words and images.

Question 22

Dr.Marsh has decided that he would like to study how much time he wastes every day.Is his research topic acceptable? Why or why not?

Question 23

Practical limitations on study design include

A)having too many research subjects.
B)ethical concerns.
C)lack of personal interest.
D)None of the above

Question 24

An independent variable is the ȈcauseȈ in a cause-effect study.

Question 25

Government documents are very rare (often protected by Homeland Security rules),and are typically not a source that a researcher would use in a literature review.

Question 26

Qualitative researchers usually examine cases and contexts while quantitative researchers usually look at variables.

Question 27

Synthesizing and writing the literature review is the first and easiest step of the literature review process

Question 28

List the two of the five characteristics of a causal hypothesis.

Question 29

Micro level and macro level are terms used in

A)level of analysis.
B)terms of endearment.
C)microscopy.
D)hypotheses.

Question 30

Give two reasons why a researcher conducts a literature review.

Question 31

When a researcher reads a scholarly journal,s/he should

A)ignore anything that might conflict with the researcherȇs opinion.
B)only take into account information presented in the article.
C)form a mental image of the articleȇs topic.
D)read the article only once.

Question 32

Explain empirically observable - what does it mean?

Question 33

Define aggregates in the context of choosing a research topic.

Question 34

Mr.Marsh is conducting a research study that he describes as a quantitative study that describes historical events in a time line.Is his statement that this research is quantitative in nature most aptly true or false?

Question 35

Grounded theory has nothing to do with electricity and grounding circuits.

Question 36

A topic that is appropriate for social research generalizes social patterns that operate in aggregates and are empirically observable.

Question 37

Scholarly journals typically do not require peer review before publishing research.

Question 38

A study that is deductive starts with evidence and then slowly builds toward generalizations or summary ideas.

Question 39

Units of analysis are not critical for thinking through a research study.

Question 40

The unit of analysis

A)may change during the research process.
B)has no meaning in quantitative research.
C)is the same as the level of analysis.
D)is the unit on which a researcher measures variables and gathers data.

Question 41

What is a variable in quantitative research? Give an example.

Question 42

If two variables have no influence over each other and there is not relationship between the two variables,this is called a___________hypothesis.

Question 43

In a short paragraph,describe an intervening variable.

Question 44

Using___________data,a researcher rearranges,examines and discusses numbers by using charts,tables and statistics to see patterns.

Question 45

______________________is a topic that has regularity or some kind of form that describes interconnections.

Question 46

______________________types of research are more likely to appear in a book format because they are the results of long complex studies.

Question 47

In general,with quantitative data a researcher follows a___________path.

Question 48

______________________is usually the first step in the Six Step Process for conducting a literature review.

Question 49

What is the difference between a linear path or nonlinear path in research?

Question 50

Name 3 sources for research literature reviews,and their use.

Question 51

______________________researchȇs main goal is to test the hypothesis that the researcher started with.

Question 52

List two questions that help identify the independent variable.

Question 53

A cause variable is the independent variable,and the result effect variable is a dependent variable.A third type of variable,___________,appears in complex relations and shows a link between the independent and dependent variables.

Question 54

A___________study starts with a summary idea or an Ȉeducated guessȈ of what a researcher thinks might occur and then moves toward specific,observable evidence to test or verify the ideas.

Question 55

A___________is typically causal in nature when used in quantitative research.

Question 56

Most research studies are reported in___________journals.

Question 57

The___________is the level of reality that a researcher examines.

Question 58

When two variables appear to be causally connected but in reality,they are not because an unseen third factor is the true cause,this is called___________.

Question 59

A(n)___________is a tentative statement of a relationship between two variables.

Question 60

The___________is the unit on which the researcher measures variables and gathers data.

Question 61

Discuss the 8 questions found in developing a research proposal - what are they and what is eachȇs relevance to the proposal?

Question 62

Dr.Van Offer is a medical researcher and is very interested in which of two new drugs is better in treating high blood pressure.He asks 60 men with high blood pressure to join the experiment and then he assigns each to a group of 30.He gives one group the first drug and the other group the other drug.What is the independent variable and what is the dependent variable in this study? Why?

Question 63

Dr.Van Offer asks you to do a literature search on a topic that he is considering for a research study.He is especially interested in research that has been conducted recently by PhD candidates.What types of documents would you look for? Where would you look for them?

Question 64

Discuss peer review and Ȉblind reviewȈ process.

Question 65

What is a journal abstract and what does it include?