Question 1

The home health nurse is discussing nutrition with a client who asks,&#34;What do you think of the new grapefruit-only diets that have become popular?&#34; Which response by the nurse is the most appropriate?&#10;A)&#34;Weight loss through intake of grapefruit is not possible.&#34;&#10;B)&#34;Grapefruit is one of the healthiest food sources available.&#34;&#10;C)&#34;Comply with this type of diet for 6 months to avoid citrus overdose.&#34;&#10;D)&#34;Most fad diets have no scientific basis.&#34;&#10;

Accepted Answer

The most appropriate response by the nurse is to educate the client about the scientific basis of fad diets. Fad diets, such as the grapefruit-only diet, may not provide proper nutrition and may even be harmful to the client's health. It is important for clients to follow a balanced diet that is based on their individual needs and dietary requirements.

Question 2

The nurse is assessing the body mass index (BMI)of a 43-year-old sedentary male,using a BMI calculation graph.The client is 5'7" and weighs 204 pounds.The nurse determine that the client's BMI indicates:

A)healthy weight.
B)morbid obesity.
C)obesity.
D)overweight.

obesity.

Accepted Answer

Using the BMI calculation graph, the nurse would calculate the client's BMI as follows: (204 pounds ÷ (5'7" x 5'7")) x 703 = 31.9. A BMI of 30 or above is considered obese. Therefore, the client's BMI indicates obesity.

Question 3

Which lifestyle strategy would the nurse teach the client to promote healthy weight reduction?&#10;A)Avoid eating between meals by consuming only three meals per day.&#10;B)Reduce the intake of calories and increase the amount of physical activity.&#10;C)Consume fruits and vegetables daily and eliminate all intake of meat and fish.&#10;D)Begin a program of weight lifting and high-impact aerobic exercise.&#10;

Accepted Answer

Reducing calorie intake and increasing physical activity are the most effective strategies for healthy weight reduction. Option A suggests a pattern of eating that may not be sustainable and could increase the likelihood of overeating during meals. Option C may be difficult for some individuals to follow, and eliminating meat and fish can limit intake of important nutrients such as protein and omega-3 fatty acids. Option D suggests a high-intensity exercise program that may not be appropriate or safe for all individuals.

Question 4

The nurse tells a client that,due to leptin secretion by adipocytes,the hypothalamus has what affect on appetite?&#10;A)Intensification of appetite&#10;B)Maintenance of appetite&#10;C)Decrease of appetite&#10;D)Inappropriate appetite&#10;

Accepted Answer

Leptin secretion by adipocytes signals the hypothalamus to decrease appetite.

Question 5

The client who has self-initiated a low-carbohydrate diet asks the nurse,&#34;Why do carbohydrates cause obesity?&#34; Which statement by the nurse is most appropriate?&#10;A)&#34;Carbohydrates cause a release of insulin from the pancreas,which coverts carbohydrates to fat.&#34;&#10;B)&#34;Carbohydrates reduce the number of fat cells in certain body areas,such as hips and abdomen.&#34;&#10;C)&#34;Carbohydrates trigger a release of fat and protein from the liver and cause weight gain.&#34;&#10;D)&#34;Carbohydrates alone do not cause obesity.&#34;&#10;

Accepted Answer

Carbohydrates alone do not cause obesity. Obesity results from consuming more calories than the body uses, regardless of whether these calories come from carbohydrates, fats, or proteins. The statement that carbohydrates alone cause obesity is a simplification and overlooks the complexity of obesity, including factors like total caloric intake, exercise, and genetic predisposition.

Question 6

The nurse who is educating a client about weight gain correctly states that as little as 10 surplus calories each day can lead to a weight gain of ___ pound(s)per year.
( Record your answer rounding to the nearest whole number).

Accepted Answer

The answer of The nurse who is educating a client...

Question 7

The client with morbid obesity asks the nurse why leptin is not used for weight reduction.Which response would be most appropriate for the nurse?&#10;A)&#34;Oral leptin would cause an increase in body mass index.&#34;&#10;B)&#34;Obese individuals develop a resistance to the effects of leptin.&#34;&#10;C)&#34;Leptin supplement is only effective in individuals with normal body weight.&#34;&#10;D)&#34;The amount of leptin required would potentiate nephrotoxicity.&#34;&#10;

Accepted Answer

Obese individuals develop a resistance to the effects of leptin. Leptin is a hormone produced by fat cells that plays a key role in regulating hunger and metabolism. In normal-weight individuals, high levels of leptin help suppress appetite and increase energy expenditure. However, obese individuals tend to have elevated levels of leptin due to the large amounts of fat in their body, leading to a phenomenon called leptin resistance. This means that their brain does not respond to the signals of leptin, causing them to continue eating and gaining weight despite the high levels of the hormone. Therefore, using oral leptin as a weight-reducing supplement would not be effective in individuals with morbid obesity.

Question 8

The nurse determines that the client understands an important principle of weight reduction when the client makes which statement?&#10;A)&#34;Obesity is closely linked with health risks,such as diabetes and hypertension.&#34;&#10;B)&#34;The most common cause of obesity is genetically linked hyperthyroidism.&#34;&#10;C)&#34;Everyone in my family is overweight; there is nothing I can do about my obesity.&#34;&#10;D)&#34;Lifestyle changes are not effective in weight loss if an individual's history includes obesity.&#34;&#10;

Accepted Answer

Option A reflects an understanding that obesity can lead to health risks, which is an important principle of weight reduction. Option B is incorrect because hyperthyroidism is actually a cause of weight loss, not weight gain. Option C is a hopeless statement that does not reflect an understanding of weight reduction principles. Option D is incorrect because lifestyle changes such as diet modifications and regular exercise are known to be effective in weight loss.

Question 9

Which statement made by the client about taking phenylpropanolamine indicates that further teaching is necessary?&#10;A)&#34;This medication was removed from the market due to increased incidence of stroke.&#34;&#10;B)&#34;Phenylpropanolamine was sold over the counter until it was discontinued.&#34;&#10;C)&#34;It is acceptable to take these pills on occasion when I want to lose a few pounds.&#34;&#10;D)&#34;I should dispose of any of these pills I might still have.&#34;&#10;

Accepted Answer

The statement "It is acceptable to take these pills on occasion when I want to lose a few pounds." indicates that further teaching is necessary as it suggests the client may not understand that phenylpropanolamine has been removed from the market and is no longer considered safe for use. The other statements suggest that the client understands the risks associated with the medication and how to safely dispose of it.

Question 10

Which hormone that increases appetite and food consumption is secreted by the hypothalamus?&#10;A)Follicle-stimulating hormone (FSH)&#10;B)Antidiuretic hormone (ADH)&#10;C)Insulin-like growth factors (ILGFs)&#10;D)Neuropeptide Y (NPY)&#10;

Accepted Answer

Neuropeptide Y (NPY) is a hormone that is secreted by the hypothalamus and is known to stimulate appetite and increase food consumption. It works by binding to receptors in the brain that regulate feeding behavior and energy balance. The other hormones listed do not play a role in appetite regulation.

Question 11

The school nurse has prepared a learning activity for a high school health promotion course.To assess the class understanding,the nurse instructs the students to select the correct statements that apply to the brain's role in regulating appetite.Which statements should the students choose as correct? Note: Credit will be given only if all correct choices and no incorrect choices are selected.Standard Text: Select all that apply.

A)The degree of satiety is directly recognized by a region of the brainstem known as the satiety center.
B)Hunger occurs when the cerebellum recognizes the level of glucose or hormone in the blood.
C)Receptors for leptin are located in the thalamus.
D)Neuropeptide Y (NPY)in the hypothalamus is associated with increase in appetite.
E)Leptin receptors of clients who are obese are thought to develop a resistance to the satiety effects.

Accepted Answer

The answer of The school nurse has prepared a learning...

Question 12

The nurse is educating a client about ways to lose weight successfully and safely.Which recommendations does the nurse include in the teaching session? Note: Credit will be given only if all correct choices and no incorrect choices are selected.Standard Text: Select all that apply.

A)Increase the amount carbohydrates in the diet.
B)Reduce calories in the diet.
C)Increase physical activity.
D)Increase the amount of protein in the diet.
E)Increase the amount of fats in the diet.

Accepted Answer

The answer of The nurse is educating a client about...

Question 13

The nurse is providing education to a client who was taking sibutramine (Meridia)as a part of a weight-loss program.The client asks the nurse why the medication was removed from the market.Which statement by the nurse is most appropriate?

A)"Sibutramine (Meridia)was removed from the market due to the adverse effects of postnasal drainage,pruritus,and drowsiness."
B)"Sibutramine (Meridia)was removed from the market due to the adverse effects of headache,constipation,and xerostomia."
C)"Sibutramine (Meridia)was removed from the market to the increased risk of heart attack and stroke."
D)"Sibutramine (Meridia)was removed from the market due to the increased risk for facial twitching,backache,and anxiety."

Accepted Answer

The answer of The nurse is providing education to a...

Question 14

The nurse is teaching at a health promotion fair held in one of the local community centers when one of the participants asks,"What are the most important factors leading to obesity?" Which statement is the nurse's best response?

A)"Type of food and beverages consumed."
B)"Chronic conditions such as diabetes."
C)"Physical activity and caloric intake."
D)"Water and fluid retention."

Accepted Answer

The answer of The nurse is teaching at a health...

Question 15

The nurse is educating an overweight female client about successful weight management programs and tells the client to reduce food intake to 1,000 to ______ calories per day to facilitate weight loss.
( Record your answer rounding to the nearest whole number).

Accepted Answer

The answer of The nurse is educating an overweight female...

Question 16

The nurse is reviewing medications that have been proven effective for weight loss.Which medications does the nurse identify as being removed from the market due to safety concerns? Note: Credit will be given only if all correct choices and no incorrect choices are selected.Standard Text: Select all that apply.

A)Amphetamine and dextroamphetamine (Dexedrine)
B)Orlistat (Alli)
C)Fenfluramine and phentermine (Fen-Phen)
D)Ephedra alkaloids
E)Sibutramine (Meridia)

Accepted Answer

The answer of The nurse is reviewing medications that have...

Question 17

The school health nurse is discussing weight loss agents with a group of college women at the health promotion session.Which concepts does the nurse include in the teaching plan? Note: Credit will be given only if all correct choices and no incorrect choices are selected.Standard Text: Select all that apply.

A)Several effective weight loss pills are readily available through telemarketers.
B)Ephedra is a healthy method for weight reduction and does not require a prescription.
C)Fenfluramine,one part of the Fen-Phen combination,causes heart disease.
D)Leptin as a weight-loss medication has not shown to be effective.
E)Stimulants such as Dexedrine are highly addictive and are no longer prescribed.

Accepted Answer

The answer of The school health nurse is discussing weight...

Question 18

A client has been on a weight-reduction program for 2 months.The nurse anticipates that the total weight loss for this time frame should be:&#10;A)60 pounds.&#10;B)16 pounds.&#10;C)6 pounds.&#10;D)30 pounds.&#10;

Accepted Answer

The answer of A client has been on a weight-reduction...

Question 19

The parent of an adolescent female tells the nurse,&#34;I am concerned about my daughter's weight gain,but she doesn't look obese.&#34; Which response by the nurse is the most appropriate?&#10;A)&#34;If your daughter is 10% more than the ideal weight,she is morbidly obese.&#34;&#10;B)&#34;Teenage girls are often obese and should be monitored for excessive caloric intake.&#34;&#10;C)&#34;The ideal body weight fluctuates,depending upon gender,height,and general build.&#34;&#10;D)&#34;Your daughter's body mass index (BMI)should be calculated each month to determine obesity.&#34;&#10;

Accepted Answer

The answer of The parent of an adolescent female tells...

Question 20

The client has started to take orlistat (Alli)as a part of a weight-loss management program.Which preexisting health condition(s),if present,would make this medication contraindicated? Note: Credit will be given only if all correct choices and no incorrect choices are selected.Standard Text: Select all that apply.

A)Depression treated with monoamine oxidase inhibitors (MAOIs)
B)Cholestasis
C)BMI greater than 40
D)Heart disease and dysrhythmias
E)Bulimia and anorexia nervosa

Accepted Answer

The answer of The client has started to take orlistat...

Question 21

The nurse is developing a health teaching document for a client prescribed orlistat (Alli).Which concept does the nurse include?&#10;A)Limit food and beverage intake to once daily,or less,if possible.&#10;B)Increase high-fat meals to minimize GI adverse effects.&#10;C)Decrease physical activity for the first 6 months on medication.&#10;D)Take a daily multivitamin containing fat-soluble vitamins.&#10;

Accepted Answer

The answer of The nurse is developing a health teaching...

Question 22

The nurse is discussing orlistat (Alli)with a group of women at a community center when one of the participants asks,&#34;What side effects are associated with this drug?&#34; The nurse responds by stating:&#10;A)&#34;Tinnitus and hearing loss are side effects associated with orlistat (Alli).&#34;&#10;B)&#34;Headache with photophobia are side effects associated with orlistat (Alli).&#34;&#10;C)&#34;Flatus with oily stool discharge is a side effect often associated with orlistat (Alli).&#34;&#10;D)&#34;Urinary frequency with urgency is a side effect associated with orlistat (Alli).&#34;&#10;

Accepted Answer

The answer of The nurse is discussing orlistat (Alli)with a...

Question 23

The nurse is assessing a client with a BMI of 28 who is interested in losing weight.Reviewing the client's chart,the nurse notes that the health care provider will consider prescribing an anorexiant because the client has what risk factors? Note: Credit will be given only if all correct choices and no incorrect choices are selected.Standard Text: Select all that apply.

A)Depression
B)Anxiety
C)Hypertension
D)Hyperlipidemia
E)Diabetes

Accepted Answer

The answer of The nurse is assessing a client with...

Question 24

Orlistat (Alli)is initiated for a client with obesity who is taking warfarin.What health teaching would be most appropriate for this drug?&#10;A)If you overeat,you may take more medication to counteract your indulgence.&#10;B)You may resume your normal dietary habits while taking this drug.&#10;C)You will need to closely monitor prothrombin time (PT)and international normalized ratio (INR).&#10;D)Take the medication each evening 2 hours before taking warfarin.&#10;

Accepted Answer

The answer of Orlistat (Alli)is initiated for a client with...

Question 25

A client is receiving orlistat (Alli)to aide in weight reduction.The nurse reviews the all other drugs taken by the client.Which drug should not be taken concurrently with orlistat?&#10;A)Furosemide (a diuretic)&#10;B)Cyclosporine (an antibiotic)&#10;C)Warfarin (an anticoagulant)&#10;D)Ibuprofen (a nonsteroidal anti-inflammatory)&#10;

Accepted Answer

The answer of A client is receiving orlistat (Alli)to aide...

Question 26

The nurse who will be administering orlistat (Alli)to a client knows that prior to the initiation of this drug,it is important to assess which body system?&#10;A)Integumentary system&#10;B)Neurological system&#10;C)Biliary system&#10;D)Sensory system&#10;

Accepted Answer

The answer of The nurse who will be administering orlistat...

Question 27

Which of these statements,if made by a client,would indicate that further instruction is needed about orlistat (Alli)?&#10;A)&#34;I should take the drug once a day.&#34;&#10;B)&#34;I should report stomach discomfort or oily stools to the prescriber.&#34;&#10;C)&#34;I should check blood pressure and report any consistently high readings.&#34;&#10;D)&#34;I can eat as much as I want when taking this medication and still lose weight.&#34;&#10;

Accepted Answer

The answer of Which of these statements,if made by a...

Question 28

The nurse questions the prescription of orlistat (Alli)for which client?&#10;A)A 58-year-old woman with long-term asthma&#10;B)A 48-year-old woman with hypothyroidism&#10;C)A 22-year-old man with borderline type II diabetes&#10;D)A 62-year-old man with presbyopia&#10;

Accepted Answer

The answer of The nurse questions the prescription of orlistat...

Question 29

The nurse is teaching a client who has been prescribed orlistat (Xenical)as a part of a weight-loss program.The nurse tells the client to take the medication during or up to _____ hour(s)after eating a meal that contains fat.
(Record your answer rounding to the nearest whole number).

Accepted Answer

The answer of The nurse is teaching a client who...

Deck 63: Weight Reduction Strategies and the Pharmacotherapy of Obesity