Question 1

The home health nurse is discussing nutrition with a client who asks,"What do you think of the new grapefruit-only diets that have become popular?" Which response by the nurse is the most appropriate?

Accepted Answer

The most appropriate response by the nurse is to educate the client about the scientific basis of fad diets. Fad diets, such as the grapefruit-only diet, may not provide proper nutrition and may even be harmful to the client's health. It is important for clients to follow a balanced diet that is based on their individual needs and dietary requirements.

Question 2

The nurse is assessing the body mass index (BMI)of a 43-year-old sedentary male,using a BMI calculation graph.The client is 5'7" and weighs 204 pounds.The nurse determine that the client's BMI indicates:

Accepted Answer

Using the BMI calculation graph, the nurse would calculate the client's BMI as follows: (204 pounds ÷ (5'7" x 5'7")) x 703 = 31.9. A BMI of 30 or above is considered obese. Therefore, the client's BMI indicates obesity.

Question 3

Which lifestyle strategy would the nurse teach the client to promote healthy weight reduction?

Accepted Answer

Reducing calorie intake and increasing physical activity are the most effective strategies for healthy weight reduction. Option A suggests a pattern of eating that may not be sustainable and could increase the likelihood of overeating during meals. Option C may be difficult for some individuals to follow, and eliminating meat and fish can limit intake of important nutrients such as protein and omega-3 fatty acids. Option D suggests a high-intensity exercise program that may not be appropriate or safe for all individuals.

Question 4

The nurse tells a client that,due to leptin secretion by adipocytes,the hypothalamus has what affect on appetite?

Accepted Answer

Leptin secretion by adipocytes signals the hypothalamus to decrease appetite.

Question 5

The client who has self-initiated a low-carbohydrate diet asks the nurse,"Why do carbohydrates cause obesity?" Which statement by the nurse is most appropriate?

Accepted Answer

Carbohydrates alone do not cause obesity. Obesity results from consuming more calories than the body uses, regardless of whether these calories come from carbohydrates, fats, or proteins. The statement that carbohydrates alone cause obesity is a simplification and overlooks the complexity of obesity, including factors like total caloric intake, exercise, and genetic predisposition.

Question 6

The nurse who is educating a client about weight gain correctly states that as little as 10 surplus calories each day can lead to a weight gain of ___ pound(s)per year.
( Record your answer rounding to the nearest whole number).

Accepted Answer

The answer of The nurse who is educating a client...

Question 7

The client with morbid obesity asks the nurse why leptin is not used for weight reduction.Which response would be most appropriate for the nurse?

Accepted Answer

Obese individuals develop a resistance to the effects of leptin. Leptin is a hormone produced by fat cells that plays a key role in regulating hunger and metabolism. In normal-weight individuals, high levels of leptin help suppress appetite and increase energy expenditure. However, obese individuals tend to have elevated levels of leptin due to the large amounts of fat in their body, leading to a phenomenon called leptin resistance. This means that their brain does not respond to the signals of leptin, causing them to continue eating and gaining weight despite the high levels of the hormone. Therefore, using oral leptin as a weight-reducing supplement would not be effective in individuals with morbid obesity.

Question 8

The nurse determines that the client understands an important principle of weight reduction when the client makes which statement?

Accepted Answer

Option A reflects an understanding that obesity can lead to health risks, which is an important principle of weight reduction. Option B is incorrect because hyperthyroidism is actually a cause of weight loss, not weight gain. Option C is a hopeless statement that does not reflect an understanding of weight reduction principles. Option D is incorrect because lifestyle changes such as diet modifications and regular exercise are known to be effective in weight loss.

Question 9

Which statement made by the client about taking phenylpropanolamine indicates that further teaching is necessary?

Accepted Answer

The statement "It is acceptable to take these pills on occasion when I want to lose a few pounds." indicates that further teaching is necessary as it suggests the client may not understand that phenylpropanolamine has been removed from the market and is no longer considered safe for use. The other statements suggest that the client understands the risks associated with the medication and how to safely dispose of it.

Question 10

Which hormone that increases appetite and food consumption is secreted by the hypothalamus?

Accepted Answer

Neuropeptide Y (NPY) is a hormone that is secreted by the hypothalamus and is known to stimulate appetite and increase food consumption. It works by binding to receptors in the brain that regulate feeding behavior and energy balance. The other hormones listed do not play a role in appetite regulation.

Question 11

The school nurse has prepared a learning activity for a high school health promotion course.To assess the class understanding,the nurse instructs the students to select the correct statements that apply to the brain's role in regulating appetite.Which statements should the students choose as correct? Note: Credit will be given only if all correct choices and no incorrect choices are selected.Standard Text: Select all that apply.

Accepted Answer

The answer of The school nurse has prepared a learning...

Question 12

The nurse is educating a client about ways to lose weight successfully and safely.Which recommendations does the nurse include in the teaching session? Note: Credit will be given only if all correct choices and no incorrect choices are selected.Standard Text: Select all that apply.

Accepted Answer

The answer of The nurse is educating a client about...

Question 13

The nurse is providing education to a client who was taking sibutramine (Meridia)as a part of a weight-loss program.The client asks the nurse why the medication was removed from the market.Which statement by the nurse is most appropriate?

Accepted Answer

Sibutramine (Meridia) was removed from the market due to the increased risk of heart attack and stroke. This medication was found to have serious cardiovascular effects which outweighed its weight-loss benefits. The FDA requested the drug be withdrawn from the market in 2010.

Question 14

The nurse is teaching at a health promotion fair held in one of the local community centers when one of the participants asks,"What are the most important factors leading to obesity?" Which statement is the nurse's best response?

Accepted Answer

Physical activity and caloric intake are the most important factors leading to obesity. Consuming more calories than are burned through physical activity or processes such as metabolism can lead to weight gain and obesity. Chronic conditions such as diabetes may contribute to obesity, but they are not the primary factor. The type of food and beverages consumed can also be a contributing factor but not as critical as physical activity and caloric intake. Water and fluid retention do not directly lead to obesity.

Question 15

The nurse is educating an overweight female client about successful weight management programs and tells the client to reduce food intake to 1,000 to ______ calories per day to facilitate weight loss.
( Record your answer rounding to the nearest whole number).

Accepted Answer

The answer of The nurse is educating an overweight female...

Question 16

The nurse is reviewing medications that have been proven effective for weight loss.Which medications does the nurse identify as being removed from the market due to safety concerns? Note: Credit will be given only if all correct choices and no incorrect choices are selected.Standard Text: Select all that apply.

Accepted Answer

Fenfluramine and phentermine (Fen-Phen) was removed from the market due to safety concerns related to heart valve damage. Ephedra alkaloids were banned by the FDA due to safety concerns related to cardiovascular events such as heart attack and stroke. Sibutramine (Meridia) was also removed from the market due to safety concerns related to cardiovascular events. Amphetamine and dextroamphetamine (Dexedrine) and Orlistat (Alli) are still available and approved for weight loss.

Question 17

The school health nurse is discussing weight loss agents with a group of college women at the health promotion session.Which concepts does the nurse include in the teaching plan? Note: Credit will be given only if all correct choices and no incorrect choices are selected.Standard Text: Select all that apply.

Accepted Answer

The nurse should include information that Fenfluramine, a part of the Fen-Phen combination, can cause heart disease and that Leptin has not shown to be effective as a weight-loss medication. The nurse should also include information that stimulants such as Dexedrine are highly addictive and no longer prescribed. Choices A and B are incorrect and should not be included in the teaching plan.

Question 18

A client has been on a weight-reduction program for 2 months.The nurse anticipates that the total weight loss for this time frame should be:

Accepted Answer

A safe and sustainable rate of weight loss is considered to be 1-2 pounds per week. Over 2 months (approximately 8 weeks), a total weight loss of 16 pounds is realistic and aligns with this guideline.

Question 19

The parent of an adolescent female tells the nurse,"I am concerned about my daughter's weight gain,but she doesn't look obese." Which response by the nurse is the most appropriate?

Accepted Answer

The ideal body weight varies based on multiple factors such as gender, height, and general build. It is important to assess a person's weight based on individual differences and not a standard number.

Question 20

The client has started to take orlistat (Alli)as a part of a weight-loss management program.Which preexisting health condition(s),if present,would make this medication contraindicated? Note: Credit will be given only if all correct choices and no incorrect choices are selected.Standard Text: Select all that apply.

Accepted Answer

Orlistat is contraindicated in individuals with cholestasis as it can exacerbate liver damage. Orlistat is also contraindicated in individuals with bulimia or anorexia nervosa as it may exacerbate their eating disorders. Depression treated with MAOIs, BMI greater than 40, and heart disease and dysrhythmias are not contraindications for orlistat use, but caution should be exercised in these individuals and medical supervision is necessary.

Quiz 63: Weight Reduction Strategies and the Pharmacotherapy of Obesity