Deck 26: Microbial Diseases of the Urinary and Reproductive Systems

Question 1

Leukocytes at the infected site are a symptom of

A) lymphogranuloma venereum.
B) candidiasis.
C) genital herpes.
D) Gardnerella vaginosis.
E) trichomoniasis.

Answer 1

E

Question 2

The most common reservoir for leptospirosis within the United States is

A) humans.
B) domestic cats.
C) water.
D) domestic dogs.
E) rats.

Answer 2

D

Question 3

Which of the following is the most difficult to treat with chemotherapeutic agents?

A) gonorrhea
B) leptospirosis
C) genital herpes
D) syphilis
E) trichomoniasis

Answer 3

C

Question 4

All of the following result from N. gonorrhoeae infection. Which one leads to the others?

A) CD4⁺ T lymphocytes do not proliferate.
B) There is an increased risk of other STIs.
C) CD4⁺ T lymphocytes do not activate.
D) Antibody production is stopped.
E) Opa protein attaches to CD4⁺ T lymphocytes.

Question 5

Pyelonephritis usually is caused by

A) Escherichia coli.
B) Enterobacter aerogenes.
C) Pseudomonas aeruginosa.
D) Streptococcus pyogenes.
E) Proteus spp.

Question 6

Cystitis is most often caused by

A) Candida albicans.
B) Neisseria gonorrhoeae.
C) Pseudomonas aeruginosa.
D) Leptospira interrogans.
E) Escherichia coli.

Question 7

All of the following can cause congenital infection or infections of the newborn EXCEPT

A) gonorrhea.
B) nongonococcal urethritis.
C) genital herpes.
D) lymphogranuloma venereum.
E) syphilis.

Question 8

Which of the following is greater?

A) the number of reported cases of AIDS last year
B) the number of reported cases of gonorrhea last year
C) The number of reported cases of gonorrhea and AIDS are likely equal.

Question 9

A urine sample collected directly from the urinary bladder

A) has leukocyte esterase.
B) contains more than 100,000 pathogens/ml.
C) contains fewer than 10,000 pathogens/ml.
D) is sterile.
E) contains fewer than 100 pathogens/ml.

Question 10

Which one of the following statements about genital warts is FALSE?

A) It is always precancerous.
B) It is treated by removing them.
C) It is transmitted by direct contact.
D) It is caused by papillomaviruses.
E) It can lead to cervical cancer in women.

Question 11

One form of NGU is lymphogranuloma venereum caused by

A) Treponema pallidum.
B) Candida albicans.
C) Leptospira interrogans.
D) Chlamydia trachomatis.
E) Neisseria gonorrhoeae.

Question 12

Which of the following recurs at the initial site of infection?

A) LGV
B) gonorrhea
C) genital herpes
D) syphilis
E) chancroid

Question 13

Staphylococcus saprophyticus causes

A) syphilis.
B) pyelonephritis.
C) vaginitis.
D) cystitis.
E) gonorrhea.

Question 14

A 25- year- old male presented with fever, malaise, and a rash on his chest, arms, and feet. Diagnosis was based on serological testing. The patient then reported that he had an ulcer on his penis two months earlier. This disease can be treated with

A) miconazole.
B) penicillin.
C) surgery.
D) metronidazole.
E) acyclovir.

Question 15

Normal microbiota of the adult vagina consist primarily of

A) Neisseria.
B) Streptococcus.
C) Mycobacterium.
D) Candida.
E) Lactobacillus.

Question 16

A 25- year- old man presented with fever, malaise, and a rash on his chest, arms, and feet. Which of the following will be most useful for a rapid diagnosis?

A) viral culture
B) microscopic examination of blood
C) bacterial culture
D) serological test for antigen
E) serological test for antibodies

Question 17

A patient is experiencing profuse greenish- yellow, foul- smelling discharge from her vagina. She is complaining of itching and irritation. What is the most likely treatment?

A) miconazole
B) metronidazole
C) cephalosporins
D) acyclovir
E) No treatment is available.

Question 18

Which of the following is caused by Chlamydia?

A) Gardnerella vaginosis
B) trichomoniasis
C) lymphogranuloma venereum
D) candidiasis
E) genital herpes

Question 19

A pelvic examination of a 23- year- old woman showed vesicles and ulcerated lesions on her labia. Cultures were negative for Neisseria and Chlamydia; the VDRL test was negative. Which treatment is appropriate?

A) surgery
B) miconazole
C) acyclovir
D) metronidazole
E) penicillin

Question 20

Vaginal itching and cheesy discharge are symptoms of

A) Gardnerella vaginosis.
B) lymphogranuloma venereum.
C) genital herpes.
D) candidiasis.
E) trichomoniasis.

Question 21

A positive LE text and 10,000 CFU/ml in urine indicates

A) urethritis.
B) gonorrhea.
C) cystitis.
D) genital herpes.
E) pyelonephritis.

Question 22

Which of the following is NOT primarily a sexually transmitted infection (STI)?

A) trichomoniasis
B) gonorrhea
C) chancroid
D) lymphogranuloma venereum
E) genital herpes

Question 23

Which of the following is NOT a predisposing factors to cystitis in females?

A) the proximity of the anus to the urethra
B) poor personal hygiene
C) sexual intercourse
D) the length of the urethra
E) None of the answers is correct; all of these are predisposing factors.

Question 24

Which of the following is NOT a complication of gonorrhea?

A) arthritis
B) endocarditis
C) meningitis
D) pelvic inflammatory disease
E) None of the answers are correct; all of these are potential complications of gonorrhea.

Question 25

Infants born to asymptomatic mothers with recurrent genital herpes are less likely to acquire herpesvirus at birth than infants born to newly infected mothers because

A) the disease cannot be transmitted to newborns.
B) maternal antibodies offer protection.
C) the disease is not communicable.
D) prophylactic antibiotics are administered to the newborn.
E) the virus is not growing.

Question 26

Which of the following is NOT an antimicrobial feature of the urinary system?

A) the use of the urethra for seminal fluid in women
B) pH of the urine
C) physiological valves found in the ureter
D) flushing action of urine
E) None of the answers is correct; all of these are antimicrobial features of the urinary system.

Question 27

Which of the following is treated with penicillin?

A) candidiasis
B) genital herpes
C) trichomoniasis
D) genital warts
E) syphilis

Question 28

Which of the following is treated with cephalosporins because the organism is resistant to penicillin and fluoroquinolones?

A) Gardnerella vaginalis
B) Mycoplasma hominis
C) Neisseria gonorrhoeae
D) Haemophilus ducreyi
E) Treponema pallidum

Question 29

Pyelonephritis may result from

A) ureteritis.
B) systemic infections.
C) cystitis.
D) urethritis.
E) All of the answers are correct.

Question 30

Which of the following is caused by an opportunistic pathogen?

A) trichomoniasis
B) candidiasis
C) gonorrhea
D) genital herpes
E) chancroid

Question 31

Which one of the following does NOT cause nongonococcal urethritis?

A) Mycoplasma
B) Ureaplasma
C) Neisseria
D) Chlamydia
E) None of the answers is correct; all of these cause NGU.

Question 32

Most nosocomial infections of the urinary tract are caused by

A) Proteus.
B) Enterococcus.
C) Pseudomonas.
D) Escherichia coli.
E) Klebsiella.

Question 33

The most common NGU in the United States is treated with

A) acyclovir.
B) cephalosporins.
C) AZT.
D) doxycycline.
E) penicillin.

Question 34

The most common reportable disease in the United States is

A) syphilis.
B) gonorrhea.
C) lymphogranuloma venereum.
D) cystitis.
E) candidiasis.

Question 35

Which of the following diseases causes a skin rash, hair loss, malaise, and fever?

A) NGU
B) syphilis
C) gonorrhea
D) genital herpes
E) trichomoniasis

Question 36

A pelvic examination of a 23- year- old woman showed vesicles and ulcerated lesions on her labia. Cultures were negative for Neisseria and Chlamydia; the VDRL test was negative. Which of the following is probable?

A) candidiasis
B) genital herpes
C) NGU
D) gonorrhea
E) syphilis

Question 37

Nongonococcal urethritis can be caused by all of the following EXCEPT

A) Trichomonas vaginalis.
B) Neisseria gonorrhoeae.
C) streptococci.
D) Mycoplasma homini.
E) Candida albicans.

Question 38

Which of the following pairs is mismatched?

A) syphilis - gram- negative spirochete
B) Gardnerella - clue cells
C) trichomoniasis - fungus
D) gonorrhea - gram- negative cocci
E) chancroid - gram- negative rod

Question 39

A 25- year- old man presented with fever, malaise, and a rash on his chest, arms, and feet. Diagnosis was based on serological testing. The patient then reported that he had an ulcer on his penis two months earlier. What stage of disease is the patient in?

A) tertiary
B) primary
C) secondary
D) NGU

Question 40

A patient presents with fever and extensive lesions of the labia minora. Her VDRL test was negative. What is the most likely treatment?

A) metronidazole
B) acyclovir
C) cephalosporins
D) miconazole
E) No treatment is available.

Question 41

Recurring vesicles on the surface of human skin are symptoms of

A) lymphogranuloma venereum.
B) Gardnerella vaginosis.
C) genital herpes.
D) trichomoniasis.
E) candidiasis.

Question 42

A microbe that enters the vagina would likely cause cystitis if left untreated.

Question 43

Genital candidiasis is a disease that only affects women.

Question 44

Most UTI infections are nosocomial.

Question 45

Candida is a normal flora found in the majority of women.

Question 46

Only HSV- 2 can cause genital herpes.

Question 47

Which of the following statements about pelvic inflammatory disease is FALSE?

A) It can be caused by T. pallidum.
B) It can cause sterility and chronic pain.
C) It can be transmitted sexually.
D) It can be caused by C. trachomatis.
E) It can be caused by N. gonorrhoeae.

Question 48

Anatomically, women have more portals of entry in the reproductive system compared to men.

Question 49

Nearly 70 percent of the patients seen in STI clinics are men. Offer a reason men are more likely to seek treatment than women. Why is it important that women seek treatment for STIs?

Question 50

Trichomoniasis is the only known STI caused by a protozoan.

Question 51

The male urethra is typically sterile.

Question 52

Women and men typically have the same normal microbiota in their reproductive systems.

Question 53

Which of the following is diagnosed by detection of antibodies against the causative agent?

A) gonorrhea
B) lymphogranuloma venereum
C) nongonococcal urethritis
D) candidiasis
E) syphilis

Question 54

The TORCH panel of tests is used to screen for diseases like syphilis.

Question 55

A 25- year- old man presented with fever, malaise, and a rash on his chest, arms, and feet. Which of the following causative agents is most likely to cause these symptoms?

A) HPV
B) Treponema
C) Candida
D) Nesseria
E) HSV- 2

Question 56

The pH of the adult vagina is acidic due to the conversion of to by bacteria.

A) urine; lactic acid
B) glucose; ethanol
C) protein; acetic acid
D) glycogen; lactic acid
E) mucosal cells; lactic acid