Deck 15: Modernism and Postmodernism in Europe and America, 1945 to 1980

Question 1

_____ is famous for her use of fiber materials.

A) ​Audrey Flack
B) ​Cindy Sherman
C) ​Magdalena Abakanowicz
D) ​Carolee Schneemann

Answer 1

​Magdalena Abakanowicz

Question 2

Striving for optical accuracy, ____ artists often used photographs as sources.

A) ​color-field
B) ​combine
C) ​Minimalist
D) ​Superrealist

Answer 2

​Superrealist

Question 3

Robert Rauschenberg's hybrid works of painting and sculpture are called _____.

A) ​readymades
B) ​combines
C) ​towers
D) ​ben-day shapes

Answer 3

​combines

Question 4

Louise Nevelson unified the diverse pieces of her sculptured walls by _____.

A) ​making each motif the same
B) ​standardizing the height of each form
C) ​painting them in a monochromatic color
D) ​creating a larger border around them

Question 5

Judy Chicago's The Dinner Party takes the form of a _____ because of its ancient association with women and the goddess.

A) ​triangle
B) ​star
C) ​diamond
D) ​oval

Question 6

The art critic _____ advocated for the rejection of illusionism in art.

A) ​Clement Greenberg
B) ​Claes Oldenburg
C) ​Neville Chamberlain
D) ​Chuck Close

Question 7

Jackson Pollock's art best exemplifies _____ of Abstract Expressionism.

A) ​hard-edged painting
B) ​gestural abstraction
C) ​color field painting
D) ​minimalism

Question 8

Pop artist Roy Lichtenstein magnified images from _____ on large canvases.

A) ​cameos
B) ​medieval manuscripts
C) ​comics
D) ​scrolls

Question 9

The eclectic design elements that characterize the Piazza d'Italia are characteristic of ______.

A) ​postmodern architecture
B) ​Bauhaus
C) ​Environmental Art
D) ​Pop Art

Question 10

Minimalist artist Donald Judd created many of his artworks using _____.

A) ​organic shapes
B) ​stacked geometric boxes
C) ​interlocking spirals
D) ​cloak-like shapes

Question 11

In the 1950s the center of the Western art world shifted from Paris to _____.

A) ​Rome
B) ​Madrid
C) ​New York
D) ​London

Question 12

To celebrate the achievements of women, Judy Chicago used _____ to create The Dinner Party.

A) ​gold leaf
B) ​craft techniques
C) ​religious mosaics
D) ​precious gems

Question 13

Francis Bacon's central figure in Painting may have been based on _____.

A) ​Roman portraits
B) ​images of American and British officials
C) ​Futurist sculptures
D) ​Pop Art

Question 14

_____ was a form of abstraction that emphasized tighter pictorial control than Abstract Expressionism.

A) ​Pop Art
B) ​Minimalism
C) ​Post-Painterly Abstraction
D) ​Gestural abstraction

Question 15

Taking influence from natural forms, Frank Lloyd Wright's Guggenheim Museum was based on the _____.

A) ​shape of the universe
B) ​arms of a starfish
C) ​flight of a bird
D) ​spiral of a snail's shell

Question 16

The first American avant-garde movement was _____.

A) ​Minimalism
B) ​Pop Art
C) ​Superrealism
D) ​Abstract Expressionism

Question 17

______ artists poured diluted paint onto a canvas and allowed it to soak in.

A) ​Color-field
B) ​Pop
C) ​Hard-edge
D) ​Superrealist

Question 18

Frank Stella was a leading artist in the branch of Post-Painterly Abstraction called _____.

A) ​gestural abstraction
B) ​conceptualism
C) ​process abstraction
D) ​hard-edge painting

Question 19

The organic quality of Louise Bourgeois's art recalls _____.

A) ​gestural abstraction
B) ​process art
C) ​metaphysical painting
D) ​biomorphic Surrealism

Question 20

Jasper Johns's artworks commonly featured ordinary objects, including _____.

A) ​flags
B) ​nude women
C) ​lipstick containers
D) ​portraits of famous people

Question 21

Which art form stands at the intersection of architecture and sculpture?

A) ​Conceptual Art
B) ​Process Art
C) ​Environmental Art
D) ​Performance Art

Question 22

Describe the different approaches to sculpture. Please provide examples.

Question 23

Postmodern architects criticized the _____ of the buildings of their predecessors, especially skyscrapers.

A) ​uniformity
B) ​overuse of Art Nouveau details
C) ​elaborate nature
D) ​historical references

Question 24

Which building is considered to be an updated version of Paxton's Crystal Palace?

A) ​Portland Building
B) ​Centre Georges Pompidou
C) ​Guggenheim Museum
D) ​Seagram Building

Question 25

Performance Art challenged art's function as _____.

A) ​a commodity
B) ​art
C) ​a creative effort
D) ​a visual experience

Question 26

How does Jackson Pollock's art highlight the importance of the artist's creative process?

Question 27

What was Arshile Gorky's role in the artistic revolution that took place in New York?

Question 28

British art critic Lawrence Alloway coined the term _____ to refer to artists who combined mass consumer culture with familiar imagery from everyday life.

A) ​Pop Art
B) ​Minimalist Art
C) ​Abstract Expressionism
D) ​Performance Art

Question 29

What similarities exist between Richard Hamilton and Marcel Duchamp?

Question 30

How do Giacometti's sculptures reflect existential thought?

Question 31

Who was Clement Greenberg, and how did his ideas influence the development of modern art?

Question 32

How does postmodernist architecture differ from earlier architectural styles?

Question 33

Describe the importance of process in the work of Pollock and Willem de Kooning.

Question 34

What significance did color have for Mark Rothko?

Question 35

Describe the two stylistic camps in Abstract Expressionism.

Question 36

How does Performance Art differ from traditional art?

Question 37

What relieves the industrial qualities of the Centre Georges Pompidou?

Question 38

What were the aims of Pop Art? How did it defy the art movements that preceded it?

Question 39

What did Nam June Paik accomplish through his collaboration with Shuya Abe?

Question 40

Conceptual artists deemed the _____ to be more important than their final product.

A) ​preciousness of the materials
B) ​influence of other artists
C) ​space or location
D) ​artist's ideas

Question 41

How does this work reflect its location?

Question 42

Identify the works of art that address feminist concerns. Provide examples.

Question 43

Although seemingly abstract, which representational elements are present?

Question 44

Who made this work, and how does it illustrate Greenberg's ideas of pure painting?

Question 45

How does this contrast with Modernism?

Question 46

To what extent is this work dependent on or different than Dada?

Question 47

What is the function of this monument, and how do the design elements support that function?

Question 48

Attribute the images on the screen to a culture and give an approximate date. Give the reasons for your attributions, using complete sentences and referring to specific works discussed in class.

Question 49

Identify the examples of art that expanded the range of works considered to be art.

Question 50

Contrast the style of Le Corbusier's Notre-Dame-du-Haut to Mies van der Rohe and Philip Johnson's Seagram Building.

Question 51

Compare and contrast Pop Art and Superrealism. How were their artistic aims similar or different? How did they bring meaning to their work through their technique?

Question 52

How did the artist construct her own identity?

Question 53

Describe Clement Greenberg's ideas on purity of form. Which artists' artworks exemplified his principles?

Question 54

Providing examples, describe the artistic aims and styles of the Abstract Expressionist movement.

Question 55

Describe how various postmodern architects created a dialogue between the past and the present.

Question 56

How does this reflect the values of consumer culture?

Question 57

Describe how artists used their work to address gender or racial inequality. Use specific examples.

Question 58

How is the technique appropriate for the subject?