Deck 15: Interactions: Food and Nutrients Versus Medications and Supplements

Question 1

Mr. M is being treated with the antimanic drug lithium. Which of the following nutrients will he have to monitor faithfully?
1) Carbohydrate and fat
2) Protein and vitamin B₁₂
3) Sodium and water
4) Thiamin and niacin

Answer 1

3

Question 2

The interaction of tyramine and a monoamine oxidase (MAO) inhibitor can produce:
1) Decreased blood pressure
2) Increased blood pressure
3) Excessive sedation
4) Hyperactivity

Answer 2

2

Question 3

Individuals receiving anticoagulant therapy with warfarin should be instructed to monitor their consumption of foods high in vitamin K because:
1) Vitamin K potentiates the action of warfarin
2) Warfarin causes hypervitaminosis K
3) The combination of the two substances is toxic to the liver
4) Excess vitamin K would decrease the effect of warfarin

Answer 3

4

Question 4

Mr. H is being treated for tuberculosis with isoniazid. Which of the following vitamins may become deficient as a result of therapy?
1) Ascorbic acid and vitamin D
2) Niacin and vitamin B₆
3) Riboflavin and thiamin
4) Folic acid and vitamin B₁₂

Question 5

To decrease the risk of excessive drug availability when felodipine or nicardipine are prescribed, the client may be told not to drink:
1) Apple juice
2) Grapefruit juice
3) Orange juice
4) Tomato juice

Question 6

Which type of drug-nutrient interaction occurs in the delivery device before or during drug administration?
1) Type I
2) Type II
3) Type III
4) Type IV

Question 7

Which type of interaction occurs with oral or enteral intake, producing increased or decreased bioavailability of either the drug or nutrient?
1) Type I
2) Type II
3) Type III
4) Type IV

Question 8

Which of the following would the nurse expect to administer for isoniazid toxicity?
1) Vitamin E
2) Vitamin K
3) Vitamin B₆
4) Vitamin B₁₂

Question 9

Which class of medications increases the catabolism of the matrix of the bone, inhibits the osteoblasts from building new bone, and prevents the liver from processing vitamin D?
1) Antibiotics
2) Corticosteroids
3) Nonsteroidal anti-inflammatory drugs
4) Salicylates

Question 10

Which of the following interactions cannot be prevented by scheduling medications in relation to nutrient intake?
1) Levothyroxine with fiber intake
2) Ciprofloxacin with dairy products
3) Simvastatin with grapefruit juice
4) Ampicillin with acidic juices

Question 11

Mr. S is a 45-year-old posttrauma client. A motor vehicle accident 6 months ago paralyzed him and killed his wife and daughter. He is now receiving isocarboxazid for depression. Close attention to Mr. A's diet is essential. Which of the following foods will he have to avoid completely?
1) American cheese, cabbage, and Italian bread
2) Banana, canned meats, and chocolate
3) Honey, brown sugar, and white rice
4) Roast beef, wax beans, and pita bread

Question 12

Clients taking warfarin who have increased intestinal activity, as in a flare of inflammatory bowel disease or diarrhea, should:
1) Decrease their overall food intake
2) Increase their fluid intake
3) Have their international normalized ratio (INR) values monitored more frequently than usual
4) Continue with their normal treatment plan

Question 13

Which of the following medications have been shown to be less effective if administered with enteral feedings?
1) Atorvastatin
2) Ciprofloxacin
3) Digoxin
4) Diazepam

Question 14

Which of the following situations increases the risk of food-drug interactions?
1) Short-term medication therapy
2) Adequate nutritional status
3) Taking many medications
4) Between-meal medication administration

Question 15

For clients taking levodopa, dietary recommendations may include:
1) Increasing protein intake to 1.2 grams of protein per kilogram of body weight
2) Taking higher protein foods with the evening meal rather than earlier in the day
3) Distributing fat content evenly over three meals
4) All of the above

Question 16

Which of the following clients is at greatest risk for a food-drug interaction?
1) 50-year-old man with chronic alcoholism
2) 70-year-old woman taking no regular medications
3) 9-year-old within normal limits on the height and weight chart
4) 36-year-old woman pregnant with twins

Question 17

Which of the following foods would a nurse instruct a client to avoid on a tyramine-restricted diet?
1) Mozzarella cheese and pepperoni sausage
2) Oat and wheat cereals
3) Sauerkraut and citrus fruits
4) Coffee and soy sauce

Question 18

Ms. I has been placed on a maintenance dose of an oral anticoagulant after a heart attack. Which of the following diet instructions is appropriate for her?
1) Consume twice the citrus fruits as normally recommended.
2) Keep green leafy vegetable intake consistent day to day.
3) Drink milk sparingly and use only low-fat aged cheeses.
4) Limit bread and cereal products to six servings a day.

Question 19

Phenytoin and folic acid use the same binding sites in the body. If an increased intake of folic acid inhibits phenytoin therapy to the extent that seizure activity increases, the effect is termed
1) Presystemic clearance (first-pass mechanism)
2) Pharmacodynamic
3) Pharmacokinetic
4) Subtherapeutic

Question 20

Which one of the following drugs is least likely to cause food-drug interactions because of the usual way in which it is prescribed?
1) Digoxin for heart disease
2) Phenytoin for epilepsy
3) Levodopa for Parkinson's disease
4) Penicillin for bronchitis

Question 21

Inhibition of the intestinal CYP3A4 enzyme interferes with bioavailability of affected drugs with the result of:
1) Decreased blood levels of the drug
2) Increased blood levels of the drug
3) Malabsorption of energy nutrients
4) Malabsorption of vitamins and minerals

Question 22

Individuals taking angiotensin-converting enzyme (ACE) inhibitors that decrease blood pressure by increasing sodium and water excretion should be monitored for which of the following possibly related to foods or seasonings consumed?
1) Hyperkalemia
2) Hypercalcemia
3) Hyperphosphatemia
4) Hypermagnesemia

Question 23

After teaching a client who is prescribed alendronate for osteoporosis, the nurse determines that more teaching is needed when the client states which of the following about taking the drug?
1) First thing in the morning
2) With plain water
3) 30 minutes before any other medications, food, or beverages
4) Lying on her right side for 30 minutes after swallowing the medication

Question 24

After teaching a client about the possibility of treatment failure associated with tetracycline, the nurse determines that more teaching is needed when the client states that the drug should not be administered within 1 to 3 hours of which of the following foods?
1) Egg yolks
2) Milk
3) Red meat
4) Grapefruit juice

Question 25

Which of the following food groups is freely permitted on a tyramine-restricted diet?
1) Milk
2) Grain
3) Meat
4) Vegetable