Deck 12: Life Cycle Nutrition: the Mature Adult

Question 1

A nurse is taking care of an older client in the nursing home. Which statement by the client is concerning?
1)"I have to take B₁₂ shots now; I have gastritis."
2)"Chewing is difficult; I have to have my food cut up."
3)"I get up slowly in the morning; I take blood pressure pills."
4)"I can't open this jar; I have arthritis in my fingers."

Answer 1

2

Question 2

An older client complains that, "All the food here tastes bitter." What is a nurse's best response? Select all that apply.
1)"Sensitivity for bitter remains intact in older clients, but sweet declines."
2)"Perceptivity for sugar and salt declines with age, and what's left is bitter."
3)"Make sure to brush your tongue with your teeth to increase taste sensation."
4)"Let me know if your mouth ever gets dry; that could make taste indistinct."
5)"I will check the kitchen to see what seasonings they are putting in the food."

Answer 2

1, 2, 3

Question 3

A nurse is taking care of an older adult diagnosed with a hip fracture from osteoporosis. What nutritional factors does the nurse suspect will help the client? Select all that apply.
1)Increase dietary protein
2)Increase kilocalories
3)Increase vitamin B₁₂
4)Decrease vitamin K
5)Decrease vitamin A

Answer 3

1, 2

Question 4

When taking care of an 85-year-old client with nutritional deficits, which topics will a nurse address during the initial assessment? Select all that apply.
1)Food preferences
2)Shopping decisions
3)Where meals are eaten
4)Living conditions
5)Raw vegetables

Question 5

A nurse receives a call from the emergency department (ED) about an elderly client being admitted for severe dehydration. What does the nurse suspect led to this condition?
1)Decreased thirst sensation
2)Increased salt intake
3)Early-onset Alzheimer disease
4)Early-onset dementia

Question 6

A nurse knows that which condition is the highest among those between 40 and 59 years old at ~40%?
1)Obesity
2)Arthritis
3)Diabetes
4)Smoking

Question 7

A nurse is teaching a health and nutrition class for older adults. The nurse states, "An objective of Healthy People 2020 is for 24.1% of adults to perform strength-training activities on 2 or more days per week." The nurse knows teaching is successful when the clients state which reason for this objective?
1)"Strength training decreases fall-related injuries and increases appetite and brain function."
2)"Strength training increases endurance in older adults and increases needs for fats."
3)"Strength training increases balance and flexibility, and increases protein uptake and brain function."
4)"Strength training increases aerobic intensity in adults, brain function, and flexibility."

Question 8

A nurse is taking care of a dehydrated elderly client. Which treatment choices do the nurse suggest to the client's caretaker to increase intake? Select all that apply.
1)Frequent mouth care
2)Offer preferred beverages
3)Socialization with fluid consumption
4)Offer drinks five times daily
5)Establish drinking patterns

Question 9

A nurse is teaching a class on healthy diets for older adults. What does the nurse teach as interventions to help the older adult consume enough kilocalories? Select all that apply.
1)Senior citizen meal programs
2)Fresh fruit coupon exchange
3)Food-first weight-loss program
4)Milk-based supplements
5)Ice cream and sugar supplement

Question 10

A nurse is leading a seminar about healthy lifestyle choices at the community health center every Tuesday. The nurse teaches that one major threat to health in adulthood that leads to increased weight is:
1)Trans-fats
2)CHOs
3)Inactivity
4)Productivity

Question 11

A nurse assessing the dental health of an older client knows that older individuals are not immune to dental caries. What are contributing factors that can lead to cavities in an older client? Select all that apply.
1)Poor oral hygiene
2)Salivary gland dysfunction
3)Long-term medication use
4)Infrequent snacks
5)Fluorinated water

Question 12

When teaching a group of older adults about health and nutrition, what recommendation about increasing food intake does a nurse make? Select all that apply.
1)"Please remember to brush before meals in order to moisten the mouth."
2)"Neighbors should make attempts to eat meals together once a week."
3)"Offer healthier food choices and drinks at community events."
4)"Cook with whole milk or provide meal replacement supplements."
5)"Allow smokers to smoke during dinner as it increases the appetite."

Question 13

A nurse is teaching a class on health and nutrition for older adults. What does the nurse teach is the recommended kilocalorie change per decade after age 40 years old?
1)5% fewer
2)10% more
3)5% more
4)10% fewer

Question 14

A nurse is taking care of a client with Parkinson disease (PD). Studies have shown that nutraceuticals, or foods that provide health and medical benefits, are being used to treat PD. What does the nurse suspect are the roles of nutraceuticals for treatment of PD?
1)To improve balance and motor control
2)To inhibit oxidative stress and inflammation
3)To improve talking and swallowing
4)To increase dopamine and neuron firing

Question 15

A nurse is waiting to take care of a client suffering from a hip fracture in the ED. Which prevention factors will the nurse teach the client? Select all that apply.
1)Vitamin K
2)Weight loss
3)Bisphosphonates
4)Omega-3
5)Exercise

Question 16

A nurse is teaching a class on health and wellness to older adults. Teaching is successful if the adults consider which task?
1)Shop more at the grocery store
2)Start wearing hearing aids
3)Outdoor activities without sunscreen
4)Increase salt intake to increase taste

Question 17

A nurse is taking care of a middle-aged client. The client asks the nurse, "How do I maintain good cognitive function and keep from getting dementia?" What is the nurse's best response?
1)"Make sure to take your recommended daily intake of vitamins, especially A."
2)"Vitamin K will help protect your brain against decreased cognitive function."
3)"Vitamin E has demonstrated the ability to inhibit dementia progression."
4)"Calcium needs increased as you get older, due to brainstem atrophy."

Question 18

A nurse is taking care of a client with a pressure ulcer. How does the nurse help prevent progression of the ulcer from intact skin to open, deep sore? Select all that apply.
1)Increase protein
2)Increase calories
3)Control infection
4)Increase vitamins
5)Increase fats

Question 19

A nurse is taking care of an older client admitted with altered nutritional status. Which should the nurse assess first?
1)Mouth
2)Lungs
3)Heart
4)Skin

Question 20

A nurse is teaching a class on adult health. Which age-related problems of kidneys are mentioned? Select all that apply.
1)Gradual decline in the weight
2)Inability to conserve sodium
3)Inability to concentrate urine
4)Increase in renal blood flow
5)Gradual increase in the size