Deck 2: History of Public Health and Public and Community Health Nursing

Question 1

What was Florence Nightingale's contributions to public health?

A) Caring for the sick, poor, and neglected in institutions and at home
B) Using a population-based approach that led to improved environmental conditions
C) Writing the Elizabethan Poor Law to guarantee medical care for all
D) Founding of the district nursing association to provide health care to needy people

Answer 1

Using a population-based approach that led to improved environmental conditions

Question 2

Nurses who provided care to people in their homes were referred to as what type of nurses?

A) Private duty
B) Visiting
C) Public health
D) Community health

Answer 2

Visiting

Question 3

During the time when the Rural Nursing Service was operating through the American Red Cross, a nurse needed to demonstrate resourcefulness. Which intervention would the nurse most likely have implemented?

A) Using hot bricks, salt, or sandbags to substitute for hot water bottles
B) Testing well water for pollutants
C) Teaching school and developing curricula for rural nursing programs
D) Providing post-surgical care

Answer 3

Using hot bricks, salt, or sandbags to substitute for hot water bottles

Question 4

A nurse is considering joining the American Public Health Association (APHA). What information about this organization should be considered when making this decision?

A) APHA focuses on the public health concerns of the medical profession.
B) APHA represents concerns of nursing specialty practices.
C) APHA provides a forum for nurses to discuss their public health concerns.
D) APHA focuses on providing health promotion education to the public.

Question 5

A nurse working with Mary Breckinridge, would likely have assisted with what activity?

A) Establishing the Henry Street Settlement
B) Developing health programs geared toward improving the health care of the rural populations
C) Blazing a nursing trail through the Rockies, providing nursing care to miners and their families
D) Teaching birth control measures to large numbers of women in the South

Question 6

A nurse was employed by the Marine Hospital Service. Which of the following tasks would have most likely been the responsibility of the nurse?

A) Setting policy on quarantine legislation for immigrants
B) Establishing hospital-based programs to care for the sick at home
C) Identifying and improving environmental conditions
D) Providing health care for merchant seamen

Question 7

What are the newest threats to health in the United States that community health nurses deal with?

A) Diphtheria, cholera, and hepatitis
B) HIV, influenza, and bioterrorism
C) Avian flu, tuberculosis (TB), and radiation
D) Polluted water and air

Question 8

The document Visiting Nursing in the United States highlighted the fact that:

A) nurses were trained by Boards of Education.
B) trained nurses adequately covered less densely populated areas.
C) visiting nurse services were concentrated in the northeastern United States.
D) nurses were curing diseases such as TB and typhoid fever.

Question 9

Local health departments were formed in urban areas in the late 1800s to accomplish what goal?

A) Targeting environmental hazards associated with crowded living conditions
B) Facilitating interdisciplinary efforts and promoting "practical nursing"
C) Providing immunizations and health care services to all citizens
D) Offering public health education to nurses who had finished basic training

Question 10

What was Lillian Wald's major contribution to public health nursing?

A) Founding the American Nurses Association
B) Developing the New York Training Hospital for Nurses
C) Creating the Public Health Service
D) Establishing the Henry Street Settlement

Question 11

Historically, which statement is true about African American nurses in public health?

A) Certificate and graduate education were more difficult to obtain.
B) Segregation limited areas where they practiced.
C) They often belonged to the Frontier Nursing Service (FNS).
D) They were recruited heavily as military nurses.

Question 12

A nurse is working in a public health nursing setting. Which statement best describes why this specialty is appealing to nurses?

A) Interactions with wealthy contributors to secure funding
B) Autonomy and independence of practice
C) Ability to locate the source of diseases and cure patients
D) Opportunities to meet a variety of people

Question 13

A nurse providing care through the Frontier Nursing Service (FNS), would most likely have addressed the needs of which client?

A) An injured soldier
B) A homebound, elderly male
C) A woman in labor
D) A child with measles

Question 14

In early colonial North America, a colonist worked in the public health sector. Which activity would have most likely been the focus?

A) Establishing schools of nursing
B) Developing vaccines to administer to large numbers of people
C) Collecting vital statistics and improving sanitation
D) Developing public housing and almshouses

Question 15

A nurse is working to reform a program that was based on the Elizabethan Poor Law of 1601. Which of the following programs is the nurse most likely working on?

A) Welfare
B) Food Stamps
C) Medicaid
D) Medicare

Question 16

A nurse worked in a school setting during the early twentieth century. Which activity would have been the focus of this nurse's practice?

A) Investigating causes of absenteeism
B) Teaching school as well as being a nurse
C) Promoting nursing as an autonomous practice
D) Providing medical treatment to enable children to return to school

Question 17

In the past, what term was used to identify population-centered nurses?

A) District nurses
B) Almshouse nurses
C) Soldier nurses
D) Sisters

Question 18

A nurse was involved in the original work of the National Organization for Public Health Nursing. Which event best describes the influence this has had on nursing practice today?

A) Requiring that public health nurses (PHNs) have a baccalaureate degree in nursing
B) Standardizing public health nursing education
C) Developing nursing cooperatives
D) Opening the Henry Street Settlement

Question 19

A nurse is providing public health education based on the teachings of Lillian Wald. Which of the following topics will the nurse most likely discuss?

A) Taking and recording blood pressures accurately
B) Safe and sanitary baby and child care
C) Environmental pollutants and their effects on lung disease
D) Time management: balancing factory work and the home

Question 20

What term was used to identify neighborhood centers that provided health care, education, and social welfare programs?

A) Settlement houses
B) Nursing care centers
C) Nurse-managed clinics
D) Public health services (PHSs)

Question 21

Which statement best describes one of the health trends that occurred in the United States between 1900 and 1955?

A) There was a rise in heart disease and cancer.
B) There was a rise in communicable disease.
C) The crude mortality rate increased dramatically.
D) The life span after diagnosis remained the same.

Question 22

A neighborhood health center is researching its origins. Which legislative act most likely provided funds for its development?

A) Emergency Maternity and Infant Care Act of 1943
B) Medicaid legislation
C) Social Security Act of 1935
D) Economic Opportunity Act

Question 23

The impact of World War I on public health nursing included which of the following? (Select all that apply.)

A) Many communicable diseases were eradicated.
B) The ranks of public health nurses (PHNs) depleted because many went off to war.
C) The feeling that the greatest patriotic duty was to stay at home.
D) Expanding nursing services in the community was limited by lack of funding.
E) More women entered the public health nursing workforce.

Question 24

A public health nurse (PHN) becomes involved in health care reform. Which of the following best describes the purpose of this action?

A) Promotion of the nursing profession
B) Increases funding for public health nursing
C) Addresses the concerns of nurses
D) Improves health care access and reduce health care costs

Question 25

A major provision of the Social Security Act of 1935 was the establishment of which service?

A) Frontier Nursing Service (FNS) to provide nursing service to rural communities
B) State and local community health services and training of personnel
C) District nursing to provide home health care to sick people
D) Community-based settlement houses

Question 26

A 66-year-old person is retired and no longer has health insurance. Which of the following programs would be appropriate for his or her health insurance needs?

A) Medicare
B) Medicaid
C) Social Security
D) Economic Opportunity Act

Question 27

A public health nurse (PHN) is compiling information about how to promote early detection of breast cancer in women. Which document would most likely provide useful information about this topic?

A) The Future of Public Health
B) Healthy People 2020
C) Patient Protection and Affordable Care Act
D) Scope and Standards of Public Health Nursing Practice

Question 28

A student is enrolled in a nursing education program during World War II. Which group would the student most likely have joined?

A) The Public Health Service of New York City
B) The Marine Nurse Corps
C) The Frontier Nursing Service (FNS)
D) The Cadet Nurse Corps