Deck 12: Probation Parole and Intermediate Sanctions

Question 1

Intermediate sanctions are often combined with imprisonment and probation and are always administered by the probation office.

Answer 1

False

Question 2

Those who cannot afford to pay for electronic monitoring may not be eligible for it.

Answer 2

True

Question 3

A suspended sentence involves sentencing an offender to a short amount of time in jail,to be followed by a period of probation.

Answer 3

False

Question 4

The ideal probation officer-offender relationship is based on .

A)loyalty.
B)authority.
C)respect.
D)trust.

Question 5

Only about three out of ten probationers complete their terms successfully.

Question 6

Reintegration has a strong theoretical basis in the rehabilitative theories of punishment.

Question 7

The most restrictive level of home monitoring is home detention.

Question 8

According to the text,offenders are most likely to be denied probation if

A)they are immature.
B)they are addicted to narcotics.
C)they do not have stable employment.
D)they are illiterate.

Question 9

An offender is likely to be denied probation for all of the following EXCEPT:

A)he or she has been convicted of a felony.
B)he or she is addicted to narcotics.
C)a weapon was used in the commission of the crime.
D)the offender was already on probation at the time of the arrest.

Question 10

Conditions of probation are established by a

A)judge.
B)prosecutor.
C)jury.
D)probation officer.

Question 11

Which of the following is NOT a justification for community-based corrections?

A)It satisfies the correctional goal of retribution.
B)It assists offenders in reintegration.
C)It diverts offenders from prison.
D)It presents low cost alternative to incarceration.

Question 12

According to the National Institute of Corrections what percentage of probation officers(who directly supervise offenders)have been victims of a "hazardous incident" where their safety was endangered.

A)more than half
B)about one-third
C)about one-fourth
D)about ten percent

Question 13

The fastest growing pretrial diversion program in the United States is .

A)domestic violence court.
B)drug court.
C)anger management.
D)traffic school.

Question 14

Offenders who have been convicted of a felony offense are not eligible for probation.

Question 15

Offenders placed on Intensive Supervision Probation have lower recidivism rates than those offenders placed on traditional probation.

Question 16

The work of probation officers has become more dangerous.

Question 17

The sentence handed down at a probation revocation hearing is determined by

A)the probation officer.
B)a panel of probation administrators.
C)a judge as a "neutral and detached" body.
D)a mediator appointed by the court.

Question 18

Intermediate sanctions do not include

A)fines.
B)restitution.
C)parole.
D)forfeiture.

Question 19

Probation revocation is a two-part judicial process.

Question 20

Boot camps are a form of

A)pretrial diversion.
B)shock incarceration.
C)intensive probation supervision.
D)split sentence.

Question 21

requires that the offender be at home except for education,employment,and counseling.

A)Work release
B)Home detention
C)Home incarceration
D)Curfew

Question 22

When a judge orders an offender to participate in alcohol treatment as a part of his or her probation,what type of condition is this?

A)A standard condition.
B)A punitive condition.
C)A treatment condition.
D)A procedural condition.

Question 23

Probation is basically an "arrangement" between the offender and the

A)victim.
B)arresting authority.
C)legislative authority.
D)sentencing authority.

Question 24

In which case did the U.S.Supreme Court hold that a meeting between a probation officer and a probationer does not equal custody and,therefore,the Fifth Amendment protection against self-incrimination does not apply?

A)United States v.Knights(2001)
B)Bennis v.Michigan(1996)
C)Minnesota v.Murphy(1984)
D)Ex parte United States(1916)

Question 25

In which case did the U.S.Supreme Court establish a three-stage procedure to protect the limited due process rights of probationers during revocation hearings?

A)Miranda v.Arizona
B)Morrissey v.Brewer
C)Mempa v.Rhay
D)Griffin v.Wisconsin

Question 26

is a form of early release from prison determined by a parole authority.

A)Parole
B)Home monitoring
C)Probation
D)Curfew

Question 27

If convicted of second degree manslaughter charges,Krysta Dawson will not be eligible for what type of sanction?

A)probation
B)parole
C)split sentence
D)shock incarceration

Question 28

If an offender on probation tests positive during a routine drug test,this constitutes a(n) .

A)technical violation.
B)new criminal offense.
C)status offense.
D)felony violation.

Question 29

Programs that allow offenders to spend a portion of each week incarcerated are called

A)shock incarceration programs.
B)split sentence programs.
C)intermittent sentence programs.
D)home confinement programs.

Question 30

Which option listed does not include conditions or supervision,but the judge retains the right to revoke the option for cause?

A)Probation
B)Suspended sentence
C)Split sentence
D)Home incarceration

Question 31

Day reporting centers were first used in

A)Norway.
B)France.
C)Great Britain.
D)Australia.

Question 32

requires that the offender be at home during specified hours.

A)Work release
B)Probation
C)Parole
D)Curfew

Question 33

In which case did the U.S.Supreme Court hold that probationers are entitled to an attorney during the revocation process?

A)Gagnon v.Scarpelli(1973)
B)Morrissey v.Brewer(1972)
C)Mempa v.Rhay(1967)
D)Griffin v.Wisconsin(1987)

Question 34

Which of the following is a standard condition of probation?

A)Remaining employed
B)Drug testing
C)Fines
D)Community service

Question 35

If convicted of second degree manslaughter charges,Krysta Dawson will be eligible for what type of sanction?

A)parole
B)home detention
C)curfew
D)boot camp

Question 36

When the judge sentences an offender to a specific amount of time in jail,followed by a period of probation,this is known as .

A)a suspended sentence.
B)shock incarceration.
C)intermittent incarceration.
D)a split sentence.

Question 37

Forfeiture,as an intermediate sanction,is seized by federal law enforcement each year.What is the annual approximate value of the forfeitures?

A)$3 billion
B)$1.3 million
C)$.5 million
D)$2 billion

Question 38

Probationers typically have all of the following characteristics except

A)first time offenders
B)have committed nonviolent crimes
C)All of these choices
D)spent significant time in prison

Question 39

All of the following are criticisms of home confinement programs except:

A)Families of offenders confined to the home experience high levels of stress and loss of privacy.
B)Recidivism rates for offenders in home confinement programs are higher than for offenders sentenced to traditional probation.
C)Offenders are expected to defray program costs,limiting this sentencing option to offenders who can afford the associated fees.
D)Technical problems can limit the effectiveness of electronic monitoring devices.

Question 40

A sentence handed down by a judge that generally acts as an alternative to incarceration is called

A)parole
B)home monitoring
C)probation
D)curfew

Question 41

What factor was least important to the prosecutor and police when they charged Dawson with manslaughter?

A)Dawson's age
B)She was the parent and guardian at the time the baby drowned
C)The fact that the baby died
D)The fact that she left the room where the baby was taking his bath

Question 42

Some offenders are less blameworthy than others.Given the information contained in the preface,why would Sanders be considered less blameworthy than Dawson?

A)Sanders victim wished for death
B)Dawson's baby had not wanted to die
C)All of these choices
D)Sander's wife had a painful health condition

Question 43

Given the information contained in the preface,the conditions placed on Sanders' probation probably were

A)punitive conditions
B)treatment conditions
C)standard conditions
D)reintegration conditions

Question 44

The most significant difference between the Dawson case and the case of George Sanders is

A)Sanders purposefully killed his wife
B)Dawson intentionally killed her son
C)Sanders was more remorseful than Dawson
D)Dawson had better legal counsel

Question 45

A fine is an example of what type of sanction?

A)Intermediate
B)Immediate
C)Partial
D)Limited

Question 46

Krysta Dawson was granted probation,but subsequently violated it and was sentenced to four years in jail.What is Daswon now eligible for?

A)parole
B)probation
C)curfew
D)boot camp

Question 47

Assessing a fine based on the offender's income would seem to violate the clause of the Constitution.

A)equal protection
B)speedy trial
C)jury trial
D)free press

Question 48

Initially,neither Sanders nor Dawson received

A)punitive sentences meant to teach a lesson
B)lighter sentences than what the law's maximum punishment allowed
C)a suspended sentence
D)probation

Question 49

Dawson received probation.What factor was likely most important to the judge in his sentencing decision?

A)Dawson's age
B)She was the baby's mother
C)There was no report of Dawson abusing drugs
D)All of these choices

Question 50

To make fines a more effective sanction,many reformers have seized on the concept of the "day fine." What statement below might be used to justify such a system?

A)Wealthier members of society have abused this sanction,with no discernible decrease in unlawful activity.
B)Poorer members of society have abused this sanction,with no discernible decrease in unlawful activity.
C)Only rarely have wealthier members of society been fined.
D)Only rarely have poorer members of society been fined.

Question 51

conditions are intended to increase the punishment of the offender sentenced to probation.

Question 52

If the Swedish model were adopted in the United States,what type of sanction would affect defendants equally,regardless of income level?

A)Community service
B)Fines
C)Restitution
D)Forfeiture

Question 53

With the offender spends a certain amount of time each week,usually on the weekend,in jail.

Question 54

A fine is imposed by a

A)judge
B)parole board
C)jury
D)prosecutor

Question 55

sentences are also known as "shock probation".

Question 56

is a corrections goal that focuses on returning the offender to the community.

Question 57

The more effective the control is,the more offenders may be caught violating the terms of release,is a paradox of community corrections that the text calls -.

Question 58

Only about one in probationers has been convicted of a violent crime.

Question 59

Given the information contained in the preface,which factor in the granting of probation to George Sanders did the judge not consider?

A)Sanders seriously injured the victim of the crime.
B)Sanders was elderly
C)Sanders committed his crime out of compassion
D)Sander's wife had a painful health condition

Question 60

The roots of probation can be traced directly to ,a Boston shoemaker.

Question 61

With ,more restrictions are imposed,and there is more face-to-face contact between offenders and probation officers.

Question 62

With a sentence,a convicted offender is not required to serve the sentence,but the judge has the option of reinstating the sentence if the person reoffends.

Question 63

are the fastest growing form of pretrial diversion in the United States.

Question 64

An offender is most likely to be probation if they have been convicted of multiple charges.

Question 65

An offender is most likely to be denied probation if they have or more prior convictions.

Question 66

Parole board members primarily consider the of the underlying crime and the threat the offender will pose to the community if released.

Question 67

is a sentence handed down by a judge that generally acts as an alternative to incarceration.

Question 68

The fastest growing form of pretrial diversion in the country is .

Question 69

In the court ruled that probationers are entitled to an attorney during the revocation process.

Question 70

Explain the justifications for community-based corrections programs.

Question 71

The main goal of ISP is to provide control of offenders while keeping them out of prison.

Question 72

requires that the offender be at home at all times except for medical emergencies.

Question 73

In a ,the offender is allowed to remain in the community,but must spend all or part of each day at the reporting center.

Question 74

A form of shock incarceration in which offenders participate in military-style basic training is
.

Question 75

is a form of early release from prison determined by a parole authority,often a parole board.

Question 76

requires that the offender be at home during specified hours.

Question 77

In the absence of trust,most probation officers rely on their to guide an offender successfully through the sentence.

Question 78

The strategy to move qualified offenders away from institutional corrections and toward community-based and intermediate sanctions is called .

Question 79

Explain several different kinds of sentencing arrangements that combine probation with incarceration.

Question 80

decide which inmates should be granted parole.