Deck 17: Infection Control

Question 1

Which of the following is not a method of sterilization?

A)Autoclaving
B)Moist heat
C)Steam under pressure
D)Hand washing

Answer 1

D
The absolute killing of all life forms is termed sterilization.If proper sterilization techniques are used,the probability of infection is theoretically zero.Hand washing is a form of medical asepsis,but it does not kill all microorganisms,which is a requirement for sterilization.

Question 2

When a disease is spread by an insect depositing the pathogen on or in a human,it is transmitted by what method?

A)Vector
B)Vehicle
C)Direct contact
D)Fomite

Answer 2

A
Some microorganisms require a vector to enter and exit the human host.A vector is usually an arthropod (mosquito,flea,tick,fly).

Question 3

The process of establishment and growth of a microorganism on or in a host is referred to as

A)inflammation.
B)infection.
C)pathogen.
D)nosocomial.

Answer 3

B
Infection refers to the establishment and growth of a microorganism on or in a host.Only when the infection results in injury to the host is the host said to have a disease.Pathogenic microorganisms cause infectious diseases.

Question 4

Which of the following is the most effective method for achieving medical asepsis?

A)Frequent hand washing
B)Having most employees in perfect health
C)Changing linen after every patient
D)Cleaning the radiographic table weekly

Question 5

All of the following are related EXCEPT

A)fungi.
B)protozoa.
C)viruses.
D)bacillus.

Question 6

Any microorganism that causes disease is

A)prokaryotic.
B)flora.
C)pathogenic.
D)iatrogenic.

Question 7

After an organism is infected and by the time symptoms of the infectious process manifest,several steps have taken place.These steps consist of

A)1,2,3,and 4 only
B)2,4,5,6,and 7 only
C)3 and 6 only
D)1,2,4,and 7 only

Question 8

All of the following are viral infections EXCEPT

A)cold sores.
B)tinea pedis.
C)common cold.
D)warts.

Question 9

At the conclusion of an interventional radiographic examination,the examination room is cleaned,and major components are wiped down with chemical disinfectants.By performing this important task,the radiographer is practicing

A)medical asepsis.
B)sterilization.
C)surgical asepsis.
D)fomite asepsis.

Question 10

The spread of infection via contaminated food referenced is spread by

A)contact.
B)fomite.
C)air.
D)vector.

Question 11

Lyme disease is a condition caused by bacteria carried by deer ticks.The tick bite may cause fever,fatigue,and other associated symptoms.This is an example of transmission of an infection by

A)droplet contact.
B)a vehicle.
C)the airborne route.
D)a vector.

Question 12

Chemical substances capable of killing pathologic microbes are termed

A)disinfectants.
B)antiseptics.
C)bactericidal.
D)bacteriostatic.

Question 13

All of the following are possible sources of nosocomial infection EXCEPT

A)transfer of pathogenic microbes from a Foley catheter to a patient.
B)contamination of a surgical instrument in the surgical theater.
C)transfer of microbes through hand contact with a waitress in the coffee shop adjacent to the hospital.
D)placement of an unclean radiographic receptor against a patient wound during a portable examination.

Question 14

Streptococci and bacilli are classified as what type of microorganisms?

A)Viruses
B)Bacteria
C)Fungi
D)Molds

Question 15

By what method are pathogens spread when a person coughs or sneezes?

A)Vector
B)Vehicle
C)Direct contact
D)Droplet

Question 16

Bacteria have all of the following characteristics EXCEPT they

A)are eukaryotic organisms.
B)have the ability to produce endospores.
C)are single-cell organisms.
D)may live on a host in a colony form.

Question 17

Pathogenic organisms have the ability to

A)cause cellular and tissue damage.
B)replicate and cause blockages to the flow of fluids and gases
C)secrete endotoxins.
D)do all of the above.

Question 18

The chain of infection consists of

A)fomite,vector,reservoir,and breachment.
B)bacteria,virus,protozoa,and fungi.
C)host,infectious microbe,mode of transmission,and reservoir.
D)encounter,entry,spread,multiplication,and outcome.

Question 19

A nosocomial infection is an

A)infection acquired at a large gathering.
B)upper respiratory infection.
C)infection acquired in a hospital.
D)infection obtained through a physician's physical examination.

Question 20

A disease spread by kissing is being transmitted by which of the following methods?

A)Direct contact
B)Vector
C)Droplet
D)Vehicle

Question 21

The single greatest measure that can be done to prevent the spread of infection is

A)proper discarding of all refuse in sharps containers.
B)proper hand washing technique.
C)proper disinfection of radiographic cassettes.
D)using gloves when disinfecting equipment with pressure washing.

Question 22

A few days after a stereotactic breast biopsy performed by a radiologist in a breast imaging center,the patient returns to her physician with an obvious infection at the incision site.This is an example of a(n)

A)infection caused by patient neglect.
B)idiopathic infection.
C)nosocomial infection.
D)iatrogenic infection.

Question 23

Two bloodborne pathogens of particular importance to hospital personnel are

A)pneumonia and tuberculosis.
B)hepatitis B virus (HBV)and HIV.
C)papillomavirus and rhinovirus.
D)Clostridium and Bacillus.

Question 24

A person who acts as a reservoir of pathogenic organisms is referred to as a carrier.An example of a carrier is a

A)friend who appears to be healthy and shows no signs of sickness.
B)family member who recently had a tooth removed.
C)coworker who has the clinical symptoms of a cold.
D)young child who is "cutting teeth."

Question 25

Biosafety in the medical imaging department includes

A)washing hands before and after an interventional procedure.
B)wearing gloves while handling an emesis basin with vomitus.
C)using a resuscitation mask or bag during CPR.
D)all of the above.

Question 26

Sterile gloves should be used for all of the following instances EXCEPT

A)an arteriogram with angioplastic catheter.
B)emptying a patient's emesis basin.
C)positioning a patient for a preoperative chest radiograph.
D)palpating a patient's skin for a venipuncture.

Question 27

When you and a colleague perform a portable chest radiograph on a patient with contact precautions,it would be appropriate to
1)place the cassette in a protective bag before exposure and dispose of the bag properly after exposure.
2)wash your hands only after the examination has been completed.
3)remove jewelry and place it in a safe place.
4)put on a clean mask,clean gloves,and clean gown (your assistants need not do so as they are not going to touch the patient)and put on a lead apron outside of the clean gown.
5)greet the patient professionally and explain what you are going to do.
6)have your assistant position the receptor behind the patient.
7)after exposure,remove the gown,mask,and gloves and discard them when you return to radiology.

A)1,2,4,5,and 6 only.
B)1,3,and 5 only.
C)1,2,3,5,6,and 7 only.
D)2,4,5,6,and 7 only.

Question 28

A pathogen that requires contact precautions is

A)MRSA.
B)tuberculosis.
C)rubeola.
D)rhinovirus.

Question 29

All of the following are effective methods of sterilization EXCEPT

A)chemical agents.
B)moist or dry heat.
C)ultraviolet radiation.
D)hand washing.

Question 30

In a hospital setting,constant awareness is given to the simple fact that patients come to the hospital because they are sick and vulnerable to disease.With the current system of medical care,by the time patients come to the hospital setting for care,they are sicker than ever in the past.The most common nosocomial infection seen in hospital patients is

A)common colds picked up on contaminated radiography equipment.
B)urinary tract infections from Foley catheter insertions.
C)hepatitis B infection from contaminated needles.
D)staphylococcal infection from labor and delivery.