Question 1

Which of the following is not a method of sterilization?
A)Autoclaving
B)Moist heat
C)Steam under pressure
D)Hand washing

Accepted Answer

The absolute killing of all life forms is termed sterilization.If proper sterilization techniques are used,the probability of infection is theoretically zero.Hand washing is a form of medical asepsis,but it does not kill all microorganisms,which is a requirement for sterilization.

Question 2

When a disease is spread by an insect depositing the pathogen on or in a human,it is transmitted by what method?
A)Vector
B)Vehicle
C)Direct contact
D)Fomite

Accepted Answer

Some microorganisms require a vector to enter and exit the human host.A vector is usually an arthropod (mosquito,flea,tick,fly).

Question 3

The process of establishment and growth of a microorganism on or in a host is referred to as
A)inflammation.
B)infection.
C)pathogen.
D)nosocomial.

Accepted Answer

Infection refers to the establishment and growth of a microorganism on or in a host.Only when the infection results in injury to the host is the host said to have a disease.Pathogenic microorganisms cause infectious diseases.

Question 4

Which of the following is the most effective method for achieving medical asepsis?
A)Frequent hand washing
B)Having most employees in perfect health
C)Changing linen after every patient
D)Cleaning the radiographic table weekly

Accepted Answer

Medical asepsis involves a reduction in numbers of infectious agents,which in turn decreases the probability of infection but does not necessarily reduce it to zero.Hand washing is a routine practice in all patient care settings.It is the single most important means of preventing the spread of infection.

Question 5

All of the following are related EXCEPT
A)fungi.
B)protozoa.
C)viruses.
D)bacillus.

Accepted Answer

Pathogens are divided into four basic infectious agents: bacteria,viruses,fungi,and protozoan parasites.Of the choices in this question,a bacillus is a type of bacteria.

Question 6

Any microorganism that causes disease is
A)prokaryotic.
B)flora.
C)pathogenic.
D)iatrogenic.

Accepted Answer

Pathogenic microorganisms cause infectious diseases.Most often,pathogens have the ability to do one of three functions extremely well: (1)multiply in large numbers and cause an obstruction,(2)cause tissue damage,and (3)secrete organic substances called exotoxins.

Question 7

After an organism is infected and by the time symptoms of the infectious process manifest,several steps have taken place.These steps consist of
A)1,2,3,and 4 only
B)2,4,5,6,and 7 only
C)3 and 6 only
D)1,2,4,and 7 only

Accepted Answer

From the time the infectious agent comes in contact with the host until the devastation of a disease is apparent,several complicated processes must be completed.These processes can be categorized into six steps: (1)the encounter,(2)entry,(3)spread,(4)multiplication,(5)damage,and (6)outcome.Refer to Figure 17-5 in the text for a diagram.

Question 8

All of the following are viral infections EXCEPT
A)cold sores.
B)tinea pedis.
C)common cold.
D)warts.

Accepted Answer

A cold sore caused by herpes simplex virus is an example of a viral infection.Common viral diseases in humans include the common cold,infectious mononucleosis,and warts.Tinea pedis,commonly known as athletes' foot,is a fungal infection.

Question 9

At the conclusion of an interventional radiographic examination,the examination room is cleaned,and major components are wiped down with chemical disinfectants.By performing this important task,the radiographer is practicing
A)medical asepsis.
B)sterilization.
C)surgical asepsis.
D)fomite asepsis.

Accepted Answer

Contamination through the health care environment is often through fomites,such as instruments,fluids,food,air,and medications.Radiologic technologists have the ability and the responsibility to prevent the spread of infectious organisms.Using chemical disinfectants when cleaning examination rooms is a type of medical asepsis.

Question 10

The spread of infection via contaminated food referenced is spread by
A)contact.
B)fomite.
C)air.
D)vector.

Accepted Answer

A fomite is an inanimate object that has been in contact with an infectious organism.Food and water,radiographic equipment,and latex gloves can all serve as fomites.

Question 11

Lyme disease is a condition caused by bacteria carried by deer ticks.The tick bite may cause fever,fatigue,and other associated symptoms.This is an example of transmission of an infection by
A)droplet contact.
B)a vehicle.
C)the airborne route.
D)a vector.

Accepted Answer

Some microorganisms require a vector to enter and exit the human host.A vector is usually an arthropod (mosquito,flea,tick,and so forth).A vector,the deer tick,transmits Lyme disease.

Question 12

Chemical substances capable of killing pathologic microbes are termed
A)disinfectants.
B)antiseptics.
C)bactericidal.
D)bacteriostatic.

Accepted Answer

Chemicals that alter the environment available to the microbe are called disinfectants.A bacteriostatic agent stops bacterial growth,and a bactericidal agent causes cell killing.

Question 13

All of the following are possible sources of nosocomial infection EXCEPT
A)transfer of pathogenic microbes from a Foley catheter to a patient.
B)contamination of a surgical instrument in the surgical theater.
C)transfer of microbes through hand contact with a waitress in the coffee shop adjacent to the hospital.
D)placement of an unclean radiographic receptor against a patient wound during a portable examination.

Accepted Answer

Hospital-acquired conditions are known as nosocomial infections (nosocomium is the Latin word for "hospital").These hospital acquired infections follow the chain of infection,but the links are limited to persons who are in contact within the microenvironment of the health care setting,exclusively.

Question 14

Streptococci and bacilli are classified as what type of microorganisms?
A)Viruses
B)Bacteria
C)Fungi
D)Molds

Accepted Answer

Bacteria are identified and classified according to their morphology,biochemistry,and genetic constitution.The medically important bacteria are classified into three general morphologies: cocci,bacilli,and strep.

Question 15

By what method are pathogens spread when a person coughs or sneezes?
A)Vector
B)Vehicle
C)Direct contact
D)Droplet

Accepted Answer

When caring for patients who are infected with such pathogenic organisms as rubella,mumps,influenza,and adenovirus,droplet precautions should be used.These pathogens disseminate through large particulate droplets expelled from the patient during coughing,sneezing,or even talking.

Question 16

Bacteria have all of the following characteristics EXCEPT they
A)are eukaryotic organisms.
B)have the ability to produce endospores.
C)are single-cell organisms.
D)may live on a host in a colony form.

Accepted Answer

Bacteria are prokaryotic rather than eukaryotic organisms.Whereas prokaryotes lack a nucleus and membrane-bound organelles,eukaryotes have a true nucleus.

Question 17

Pathogenic organisms have the ability to
A)cause cellular and tissue damage.
B)replicate and cause blockages to the flow of fluids and gases
C)secrete endotoxins.
D)do all of the above.

Accepted Answer

Pathogens have the ability to do one of three functions extremely well: (1)multiply in large numbers and cause an obstruction,(2)cause tissue damage,and (3)secrete organic substances called exotoxins.

Question 18

The chain of infection consists of
A)fomite,vector,reservoir,and breachment.
B)bacteria,virus,protozoa,and fungi.
C)host,infectious microbe,mode of transmission,and reservoir.
D)encounter,entry,spread,multiplication,and outcome.

Accepted Answer

For infections to be transmitted,the following must exist: (1)a host,(2)an infectious microorganism,(3)a mode of transportation,and (4)a reservoir.

Question 19

A nosocomial infection is an
A)infection acquired at a large gathering.
B)upper respiratory infection.
C)infection acquired in a hospital.
D)infection obtained through a physician's physical examination.

Accepted Answer

Hospital-acquired conditions are known as nosocomial infections (nosocomium is the Latin word for "hospital").Approximately 5% of all inpatients acquire an additional condition while in the hospital.These hospital-acquired pathogens follow the chain of infection,but the links are limited to persons who are in contact with the microenvironment we know as the health care facility.

Question 20

A disease spread by kissing is being transmitted by which of the following methods?
A)Direct contact
B)Vector
C)Droplet
D)Vehicle

Accepted Answer

Microorganisms can be transmitted either exogenously,from outside the body,or endogenously,from inside the body.Transmission can occur by either direct or indirect host-to-host contact.Kissing is a type of direct contact.

Quiz 17: Infection Control

Which of the following is not a method of sterilization?

When a disease is spread by an insect depositing the pathogen on or in a human,it is transmitted by what method?

The process of establishment and growth of a microorganism on or in a host is referred to as

Which of the following is the most effective method for achieving medical asepsis?

All of the following are related EXCEPT

Any microorganism that causes disease is

After an organism is infected and by the time symptoms of the infectious process manifest,several steps have taken place.These steps consist of

All of the following are viral infections EXCEPT

At the conclusion of an interventional radiographic examination,the examination room is cleaned,and major components are wiped down with chemical disinfectants.By performing this important task,the radiographer is practicing

The spread of infection via contaminated food referenced is spread by

Lyme disease is a condition caused by bacteria carried by deer ticks.The tick bite may cause fever,fatigue,and other associated symptoms.This is an example of transmission of an infection by

Chemical substances capable of killing pathologic microbes are termed

All of the following are possible sources of nosocomial infection EXCEPT

Streptococci and bacilli are classified as what type of microorganisms?

By what method are pathogens spread when a person coughs or sneezes?

Bacteria have all of the following characteristics EXCEPT they

Pathogenic organisms have the ability to

The chain of infection consists of

A nosocomial infection is an

A disease spread by kissing is being transmitted by which of the following methods?