Deck 26: Infection and Communicable Diseases in Childhood

Question 1

Which of the following would help ensure that a patient receives the maximal effects of the DTaP vaccine?

A) If doses are administered simultaneously
B) If doses are administered 8 weeks apart
C) If acetaminophen is administered with the vaccine
D) If the dose is given prior to the child reaching 7 years of age

Answer 1

B

Question 2

What advice would you give to a female who has just received the rubella vaccine?

A) Menstruation may be altered for 3 months after vaccination
B) Avoid sexual contact for 3 months after vaccination
C) Avoid pregnancy for 3 months for after vaccination
D) Avoid breastfeeding for 3 months after vaccination

Answer 2

C

Question 3

As a pediatric nurse, what action should you take if an infant is born to a mother who tests positive for the hepatitis B surface antigen?

A) Obtain liver function tests immediately
B) Test the infant for hepatitis B immunity
C) Administer the hepatitis B vaccine to infant within 12 hours of birth
D) Obtain cultures to rule out hepatitis B infection

Answer 3

C

Question 4

What education should you provide to the parents of an infant who received the trivalent inactivated influenza vaccine concomitantly with the DTaP vaccine?

A) The child will require yearly DTaP booster doses
B) Give the child acetaminophen within 4 hours to decrease pain
C) Give the child Benadryl to decrease the risk of an allergic reaction
D) The child may be at an increased risk for febrile seizures

Question 5

What action would you take if a child is scheduled to receive vaccinations and presents with an ear infection?

A) Administer the vaccine; a viral illness does not require vaccine postponement.
B) Withhold the vaccine until infection resolves.
C) Administer oral antibiotics for the infection prior to administering the vaccine.
D) Administer acetaminophen for pain relief prior to administering the vaccine.

Question 6

A child with a recent history of a respiratory infection now presents with redness, swelling, and a watery discharge in the eyes. Based on this presentation, what medical condition should be suspected?

A) Allergic reaction
B) Viral conjunctivitis
C) Bacterial conjunctivitis
D) Fifth disease

Question 7

A young child presents with foreign body-related conjunctivitis. For what other medical condition should this child be evaluated?

A) Glaucoma
B) Retinopathy
C) Corneal abrasion
D) Retinal detachment

Question 8

What education should be provided to the parents of an immunodeficient child who has developed fifth disease?

A) The child should receive a regimen of corticosteroids to prevent reinfection.
B) The child should receive a regimen of antibiotics to prevent reinfection.
C) The child should develop full immunity and the infection is a one-time occurrence.
D) The child may not develop full immunity and may be vulnerable to reinfection.

Question 9

As a pediatric nurse, what action should be taken if an infant who was recently hospitalized develops impetigo?

A) The infant should be assessed for nosocomial infections.
B) The infant should immediately receive IV antibiotics.
C) The lesions should be cultured for the presence of methicillin-resistant S. aureus (MRSA).
D) The lesions should be immediately cleansed with sterile saline and re-dressed.

Question 10

An infant presents with perioral or perinasal vesicles that have formed a yellow crust. As a pediatric nurse, you should realize that this is a classic presentation of which medical condition?

A) Fifth disease
B) Oral candidiasis
C) Bullous impetigo
D) Non-bullous impetigo