Deck 5: Social Process Theories of Delinquency

Question 1

The process by which people in a given culture learn the attitudes, values, beliefs, and behaviors of that group is called

A) behaviorization
B) labeling
C) restoration
D) socialization

Answer 1

D

Question 2

Which of the following is an example of socialization?

A) retreating into drug abuse
B) learning common courtesy
C) disobeying traffic laws
D) reading about a foreign culture

Answer 2

B

Question 3

Social process theorists argue that most youths can overcome a risk for delinquency through

A) self-confidence
B) foster care
C) state intervention
D) all of these are correct

Answer 3

A

Question 4

Edwin Sutherland's theory of delinquency is known as

A) Social Learning Theory
B) Social Conflict Theory
C) Differential Association Theory
D) Neutralization Theory

Question 5

Which of the following is not true concerning Differential Association Theory?

A) Criminal behavior is learned.
B) Criminal behavior is learned in a process of communication.
C) Criminal behavior arises from an excess of definitions favorable to violation of law over definitions unfavorable to violation of law.
D) Differential associations remain consistent in frequency, duration, priority, and intensity.

Question 6

Which of the following is a technique ascribed to criminals in drift theory?

A) assumption of responsibility
B) denial of truth
C) denial of victim
D) appeal to self-interest

Question 7

Social control theorists believe that delinquents can be rehabilitated through

A) mandatory sentencing
B) extended jail time
C) negative associations
D) resocialization

Question 8

What term does Sutherland use to describe the respect that potential offenders have for criminals?

A) priority
B) frequency
C) duration
D) intensity

Question 9

Which of the following social theories emphasizes adherence to social rules over an individual's self-interest?

A) Social Learning Theory
B) Social Control Theory
C) Labeling Theory
D) Social Conflict Theory

Question 10

The General Theory of Crime regards a low level of ________ as the defining characteristic of criminal behavior.

A) self-control
B) intelligence
C) money
D) dopamine

Question 11

The term used to describe the assignment of labels to delinquents is

A) marking
B) deviance
C) tagging
D) passing

Question 12

Which of the following was not mentioned in Marx and Engel's conflict theory?

A) means of production
B) impression management
C) bourgeois
D) proletariat

Question 13

The ________theory studies the institutions of a society and how they treat offenders?

Question 14

According to Sutherland, there are ____ stages are involved in the learning of criminal behavior.

Question 15

The rationalizations that offenders exhibit to protect themselves against social stigmatization are called __________.

Question 16

Mandatory sentences would, according to Ronald Akers, be considered a __________.

Question 17

Walter Reckless's containment theory can also be referred to as a ______ theory.

Question 18

The idea of time management in Hirschi's theory is an example of _______.

Question 19

Erving Goffman's term to describe the process by which people will attempt to hide potentially stigmatizing attributes is __________.

Question 20

Labeling theory has shown that labels are __________.

Question 21

According to Richard Quinney, __________ influence the criminal justice system.

Question 22

Hirschi's theory focuses mostly on the ___________.

Question 23

In Albert J. Reiss's view, __________ is an example of formal social control.

Question 24

According to Sutherland, there are six stages are involved in the learning of criminal behavior.

Question 25

Jack Henry Abbott's story is a good example of Sutherland's Differential Association theory.

Question 26

Drift theory helps to account for the fact that a majority of youths commit occasional delinquent acts but they become law-abiding citizens as adults.

Question 27

The idea that youths who commit delinquency have not been adequately taught or socialized to follow society's rules and norms is the main idea behind social aggression theory.

Question 28

An otherwise good kid breaks curfew and avoids getting caught. This type of behavior is called the dramatization of evil.

Question 29

Reintegrative Shaming pairs labeling theory with community forgiveness.

Question 30

Max Weber emphasizes cultural conflict in the study of delinquency.

Question 31

Erving Goffman's term to describe the process by which people will attempt to hide potentially stigmatizing attributes is called passing.

Question 32

Social control theory is based on the idea that youths who commit delinquency have not been adequately taught or socialized to follow society's rules and norms.

Question 33

Youths who have been incarcerated rarely have difficulty reconnecting with family and friends upon their release.

Question 34

In the Belly of the Beast is the title of Travis Hirschi's well-known book on social control theory.

Question 35

Reiss's theory of social control focuses on the lack of development of internal controls by youth.