Question 1

The process by which people in a given culture learn the attitudes, values, beliefs, and behaviors of that group is called

Accepted Answer

Socialization is the process through which individuals learn and internalize the values, beliefs, norms, and social practices of their culture, enabling them to function as members of that society.

Question 2

Which of the following is an example of socialization?

Accepted Answer

Socialization involves learning and internalizing the norms, values, and behaviors that are considered appropriate in a society. Learning common courtesy is a direct example of socialization, as it involves acquiring behaviors that are socially accepted and expected.

Question 3

Social process theorists argue that most youths can overcome a risk for delinquency through

Accepted Answer

A

Question 4

Edwin Sutherland's theory of delinquency is known as

Accepted Answer

C) Differential Association Theory is the correct answer because it is the theory proposed by Edwin Sutherland, which suggests that delinquency is learned through close relationships with others who commit delinquent acts and hold values supportive of delinquency.

Question 5

Which of the following is not true concerning Differential Association Theory?

Accepted Answer

Differential Association Theory suggests that the associations vary rather than remain consistent in frequency, duration, priority, and intensity. This variability influences the learning process of criminal behavior.

Question 6

Which of the following is a technique ascribed to criminals in drift theory?

Accepted Answer

Denial of victim is a technique ascribed to criminals in drift theory, where the criminal justifies their actions by claiming that the victim deserved what happened to them.

Question 7

Social control theorists believe that delinquents can be rehabilitated through

Accepted Answer

Social control theorists argue that delinquents can be rehabilitated through resocialization, which involves learning new norms and values that support law-abiding behavior, rather than through punitive measures.

Question 8

What term does Sutherland use to describe the respect that potential offenders have for criminals?

Accepted Answer

Sutherland uses the term "intensity" to describe the respect or admiration that potential offenders have for criminals, which is a factor in his differential association theory explaining how individuals learn criminal behavior.

Question 9

Which of the following social theories emphasizes adherence to social rules over an individual's self-interest?

Accepted Answer

Social Control Theory emphasizes adherence to social rules over an individual's self-interest. This theory suggests that people's relationships, commitments, values, norms, and beliefs encourage them not to break the law. Thus, if moral codes are internalized and individuals are tied into and have a stake in their wider community, they will voluntarily limit their propensity to commit deviant acts. The theory posits that social institutions such as family, school, and community play a significant role in maintaining social order by controlling individuals' behavior and ensuring conformity to societal rules.

Question 10

The General Theory of Crime regards a low level of ________ as the defining characteristic of criminal behavior.

Accepted Answer

The General Theory of Crime, proposed by Gottfredson and Hirschi in 1990, posits that a low level of self-control is the primary factor underlying criminal and deviant behavior.

Question 11

The term used to describe the assignment of labels to delinquents is

Accepted Answer

The term "tagging" is used to describe the assignment of labels to delinquents, as part of labeling theory in sociology, which focuses on the significance of labels and how they can affect individuals' self-identity and behavior.

Question 12

Which of the following was not mentioned in Marx and Engel's conflict theory?

Accepted Answer

Impression management is a concept from Erving Goffman's dramaturgical analysis in sociology, not from Marx and Engels' conflict theory, which focuses on the class struggle between the bourgeoisie (owners of the means of production) and the proletariat (workers).

Question 13

The ________theory studies the institutions of a society and how they treat offenders?

Accepted Answer

The answer of The ________theory studies the institutions of a...

Question 14

According to Sutherland, there are ____ stages are involved in the learning of criminal behavior.

Accepted Answer

The answer of According to Sutherland, there are ____ stages...

Question 15

The rationalizations that offenders exhibit to protect themselves against social stigmatization are called __________.

Accepted Answer

The answer of The rationalizations that offenders exhibit to protect...

Question 16

Mandatory sentences would, according to Ronald Akers, be considered a __________.

Accepted Answer

The answer of Mandatory sentences would, according to Ronald Akers,...

Question 17

Walter Reckless's containment theory can also be referred to as a ______ theory.

Accepted Answer

The answer of Walter Reckless's containment theory can also be...

Question 18

The idea of time management in Hirschi's theory is an example of _______.

Accepted Answer

The answer of The idea of time management in Hirschi's...

Question 19

Erving Goffman's term to describe the process by which people will attempt to hide potentially stigmatizing attributes is __________.

Accepted Answer

The answer of Erving Goffman's term to describe the process...

Question 20

Labeling theory has shown that labels are __________.

Accepted Answer

The answer of Labeling theory has shown that labels are...

Quiz 5: Social Process Theories of Delinquency