Question 1

The social psychological process underlying European colonialism is ______.&#10;A) Hatred&#10;B) Stereotypes&#10;C) Stigma&#10;D) Love

Accepted Answer

The social psychological process underlying European colonialism is stereotypes. A stereotype is a widely held but fixed and oversimplified image or idea of a particular type of person or thing. European colonialism was fueled by the idea that Europeans were superior to other races and cultures, leading to the stereotype that non-European cultures were primitive and in need of European "civilization" and domination. This ideology justified the colonization of non-European territories and the subjugation of their people.

Question 2

Africans, Native Americans, and Aboriginals are similar in all these respects, EXCEPT that they ______.&#10;A) were colonized by Europeans/Americans&#10;B) were converted all converted to Christianity&#10;C) all resisted colonial imperialism&#10;D) were displaced from their ancestral lands

Accepted Answer

While Africans, Native Americans, and Aboriginals were all colonized, resisted imperialism, and were displaced from their lands, not all of them were converted to Christianity. Some Africans and Native Americans adopted Christianity, but Aboriginals in Australia, for example, did not necessarily convert to Christianity when they were colonized.

Question 3

Which of the following best completes this statement:
"When the white man came, he had the Bible and we had the land. When the white man left ______

A) we had the gun and he had the Bible
B) we had the gun and he had the gold
C) we had the Bible and he had the land
D) we had the land and he had the Bible

C

Accepted Answer

This statement is often attributed to Jomo Kenyatta, the first President of Kenya, reflecting on colonialism's impact. It illustrates the exchange that occurred: indigenous people ended up with the Bible, symbolizing the imposition of new beliefs and cultures, while colonizers took control of the land.

Question 4

Under the colonial division of labor, the principal colonial powers exchanged ______.&#10;A) manufactured goods for slaves&#10;B) guns and tobacco for manufactured goods&#10;C) bible and guns for slaves and land&#10;D) land for gold

Accepted Answer

The colonial division of labor primarily involved the importing of manufactured goods by the colonial powers and the export of raw materials, including slaves, from the colonized regions. European powers, such as Britain and Portugal, exchanged textiles, guns, and other manufactured goods for African slaves, who were then transported to the Americas for forced labor on plantations. This system of trade reinforced and perpetuated the unequal power dynamics between colonial powers and their colonies.

Question 5

One consequence of the colonial division labor was the ______.&#10;A) development of colonial industries&#10;B) creation of African military bases&#10;C) development of European colonies&#10;D) developments of non-European nations into primary commodity production

Accepted Answer

The colonial division of labor resulted in the development of non-European nations into primary commodity producers, where they were forced to produce raw materials for European industries. This led to an unequal exchange and dependency relationship between the European colonizers and the colonized nations, as they were unable to develop their industries or diversify their economies. The European countries, in contrast, were able to develop their industries and benefit from the cheap raw materials provided by the colonies.

Question 6

In settler colonies, the settlers used military, legal and economic forces to ______ the natives for ______&#10;A) drive away, religious reasons&#10;B) change the law against, administrative purposes&#10;C) wrestle land from, commercial purposes&#10;D) wrestle land from, religious reasons

Accepted Answer

Settler colonies were established with the intention of gaining access to valuable land, resources and creating economic opportunities. As a result, the settlers used various tactics such as military force, legal maneuvering, and economic pressure to take the land from the native populations. Religious reasons or changing laws against administrative purposes were not the main factors driving the settlers' actions, making options A and B less likely. Option D is also less likely since religion was not typically the primary motive for the colonization.

Question 7

Belgium turned its colonies into specialized producers of ______.&#10;A) cocoa and sugar&#10;B) wool and wheat&#10;C) gold and diamond&#10;D) rubber and ivory

Accepted Answer

Belgium turned its colonies, most notably the Congo, into specialized producers of rubber and ivory. These were highly sought-after commodities during the colonial period, and the exploitation of these resources led to significant profits for Belgium at the cost of severe human rights abuses in the colonies.

Question 8

Resistance to colonialism took many of these forms except ______.&#10;A) military struggles&#10;B) labor unrest&#10;C) religious conversion&#10;D) pan-Africanism

Accepted Answer

Religious conversion was not a form of resistance to colonialism, as it often involved assimilation and acceptance of colonial cultural, political, and economic systems. Resistance to colonialism usually involved opposing, challenging, or rejecting these systems, as reflected in military struggles, labor unrest, and pan-Africanism.

Question 9

Decolonization gave development a new meaning in the sense that it ______.&#10;A) transformed nation states into powerful entities&#10;B) linked development to ideals of sovereignty and social justice&#10;C) refocuses development on African countries&#10;D) confirms the perils of World War II

Accepted Answer

Decolonization gave development a new meaning by linking it to ideals of sovereignty and social justice. After gaining independence from colonial powers, developing nations sought to establish their sovereignty and promote social justice through economic development. This led to a redefinition of development that prioritized national self-determination and equal distribution of resources.

Question 10

The United States led an international development project because it wanted to ______.&#10;A) expand markets and flow of raw materials&#10;B) increase competition between blacks and whites&#10;C) increase competition with the British&#10;D) transform development for the International Monetary Fund

Accepted Answer

The United States led an international development project to expand markets and flow of raw materials. This was often done to benefit American businesses and increase economic growth for the United States.

Question 11

When Chicago traders purchased Midwestern U.S. farm products for processing, and in turn sell the machinery and goods to those farmers, they are demonstrating ______.&#10;A) colonial division of labor&#10;B) internalized division of labor&#10;C) global division of labor&#10;D) reversed division of labor

Accepted Answer

The answer of When Chicago traders purchased Midwestern U.S. farm...

Question 12

Economic growth, as a yardstick of development, is fraught with problems because ______.&#10;A) there are no precise indicators of economic growth&#10;B) per capita income, used to measure economic growth, obscures income inequalities and value of non-monetary activities&#10;C) it discounts the role of private enterprise&#10;D) it is subject to manipulation by Western countries

Accepted Answer

The answer of Economic growth, as a yardstick of development,...

Question 13

Development was often framed by both West and Soviet blocks as destiny. The endpoint however differs. The West believed in ______, while the Soviet saw ______ as the ultimate goal of development.&#10;A) liberty and progress; authoritarianism&#10;B) private property; capitalism&#10;C) capitalism/free enterprise; communism/abolition of private property&#10;D) individualism; collectivism

Accepted Answer

The answer of Development was often framed by both West...

Question 14

Despite their differences both the West and Soviet bloc shared the modernist paradigm, believing in ______ as the vehicle for development in each.&#10;A) agriculture&#10;B) education&#10;C) interdependency&#10;D) national industrialization

Accepted Answer

The answer of Despite their differences both the West and...

Question 15

National industrialization assumes that ______.&#10;A) development requires investment in local technical elites&#10;B) development involved the growth of agrarian societies&#10;C) linear direction for development in order for nations to catch up with the West&#10;D) development requires total dependence on the West

Accepted Answer

The answer of National industrialization assumes that ______.&#10;A) development requires...

Question 16

Import substitution policies were intended to ______.&#10;A) reverse the colonial division of labor&#10;B) encourage Africans to think of themselves&#10;C) appease the Soviet block&#10;D) promote cooperation between the West and Soviet blocks

Accepted Answer

The answer of Import substitution policies were intended to ______.&#10;A)...

Question 17

Brazil and South Korea both adopted import-substitution industrialization but differed in one important respect in its implementation. What is this difference?&#10;A) Brazil followed the Soviet model, while South Korea copied the West.&#10;B) Brazil relied more on foreign investment than South Korea&#10;C) Brazil relied more on the educated elite than South Korea&#10;D) Brazil relied on rural agricultural development than South Korea

Accepted Answer

The answer of Brazil and South Korea both adopted import-substitution...

Question 18

______ is associated with economic nationalism.&#10;A) Marx&#10;B) Rostow&#10;C) Prebisch&#10;D) Bose

Accepted Answer

The answer of ______ is associated with economic nationalism.&#10;A) Marx&#10;B)...

Question 19

According to the text, rethinking may well require a first step of unthinking development as we know it. This process involves recognizing ______.&#10;A) values routinely discounted in conventional development metrics&#10;B) the importance of ecological balance&#10;C) the emptiness of values based on monetary relations&#10;D) the uncertainty of future development

Accepted Answer

The answer of According to the text, rethinking may well...

Question 20

The long-term effects of export monoculture include ______.&#10;A) African handicraft decline&#10;B) disconnection between what was eaten and what was grown for export&#10;C) money determined what people ate&#10;D) development of African agriculture

Accepted Answer

The answer of The long-term effects of export monoculture include...

Question 21

Colonialism created new gender inequalities because ______.&#10;A) systems of private property replaced age-old customary land-user rights&#10;B) private property undermined food production, a traditionally female activity&#10;C) it forced men to migrate to work on European estates, reducing women's control over resources&#10;D) created powerful, independent women traders

Accepted Answer

The answer of Colonialism created new gender inequalities because ______.&#10;A)...

Question 22

New technologies undermined customary systems of grain reserves in India because ______.&#10;A) the railroad and airplane facilitated transfer of grain&#10;B) mainframe computers allowed automation of grain tracking&#10;C) the agricultural revolution facilitated production of grain&#10;D) the telegraph allowed grain merchants to quickly report demand and price for grain in London

Accepted Answer

The answer of New technologies undermined customary systems of grain...

Question 23

Decolonization efforts were inspired by ______.&#10;A) racialization of colonial rule ethno-political tensions&#10;B) American and European discourse on rights and national sovereignty&#10;C) fear of Africans&#10;D) disillusionment of the British

Accepted Answer

The answer of Decolonization efforts were inspired by ______.&#10;A) racialization...

Question 24

The term &#34;Development Project&#34; implies that development is a(n) ______.&#10;A) ideal&#10;B) blueprint for third world countries&#10;C) strategy for world order&#10;D) figment of Truman's imagination

Accepted Answer

The answer of The term &#34;Development Project&#34; implies that development...

Question 25

Economic nationalism was intended to ______.&#10;A) reverse colonial division of labor&#10;B) use taxes and revenue to finance infrastructural development&#10;C) promote socialism&#10;D) cease total dependence on the West

Accepted Answer

The answer of Economic nationalism was intended to ______.&#10;A) reverse...

Question 26

Experience of colonial rule convinced non-European countries to accept their own cultures.

Accepted Answer

The answer of Experience of colonial rule convinced non-European countries...

Question 27

African communities relied on ancestral ecological knowledge to sustain themselves and their environment.

Accepted Answer

The answer of African communities relied on ancestral ecological knowledge...

Question 28

Under colonial division of labor colonies were converted into &#34;exporters of raw materials and exporters of sustainability.

Accepted Answer

The answer of Under colonial division of labor colonies were...

Question 29

Colonial division of labor is synonymous with export monoculture.

Accepted Answer

The answer of Colonial division of labor is synonymous with...

Question 30

India is an example of Britain's colonial conquest.

Accepted Answer

The answer of India is an example of Britain's colonial...

Question 31

Decolonization was a response to the double-standard of the European colonizers, with respect to discourse on rights and freedom.

Accepted Answer

The answer of Decolonization was a response to the double-standard...

Question 32

The racist legacy of colonialism ended with decolonization and colonial liberation.

Accepted Answer

The answer of The racist legacy of colonialism ended with...

Question 33

US development model is &#34;outer-directed&#34;, compared to the British's ______.

Accepted Answer

The answer of US development model is &#34;outer-directed&#34;, compared to...

Question 34

British imperial development model is &#34;inner-directed&#34; compared to the American model ______.

Accepted Answer

The answer of British imperial development model is &#34;inner-directed&#34; compared...

Question 35

How did the colonization of other countries affect the way Europeans viewed other cultures and justified colonialism?

Accepted Answer

The answer of How did the colonization of other countries...

Question 36

What were some social and cultural impacts of colonialism, and how may they have informed the struggle for national independence in the colonial world?

Accepted Answer

The answer of What were some social and cultural impacts...

Question 37

Explain the concept of colonial division of labor and how it created specializations.

Accepted Answer

The answer of Explain the concept of colonial division of...

Question 38

The &#34;development project&#34; embodied certain assumptions about the process of development, its location, and its future outcomes. What were these assumptions, and how did they square with, confirm, and/or challenge the world order at that time?

Accepted Answer

The answer of The &#34;development project&#34; embodied certain assumptions about...

Question 39

Explain how decolonization was a response to European double standards on individual rights and freedoms.

Accepted Answer

The answer of Explain how decolonization was a response to...

Question 40

Discuss the impact of the racist legacy of colonialism on psyche of Indians or Africans, and attempts that have been made to decolonize the psyche of the colonized.

Accepted Answer

The answer of Discuss the impact of the racist legacy...

Deck 2: Instituting the Development, Project: Colonialism, Anticolonial Struggles, and Decolonization