Deck 8: Transformational Leadership

Question 1

To which research scholar is the charismatic theory of leadership attributed?

A) Avolio
B) Bass
C) Liden
D) House

Answer 1

D

Question 2

Transformation leadership is an exceptional form of leadership that ______.

A) helps followers meet the tasks on their job descriptions
B) reduces the workload of the followers
C) increases the workload of the followers
D) helps followers do more than what is usually expected

Answer 2

D

Question 3

Charismatic leadership is often described as being similar to or even synonymous with ______.

A) transformational leadership
B) adaptive leadership
C) servant leadership
D) transactional leadership

Answer 3

A

Question 4

Jackson tries every day to show his leadership is consistent with the values of the organization.This instills a strong sense of community and ethics within all levels of the organization.Jackson is demonstrating ______.

A) transformational leadership
B) transactional leadership
C) pseudotransformational leadership
D) contingent reward leadership

Question 5

Transactional leadership ______.

A) is not a very common leadership style
B) is found in the bulk of leadership models
C) is less commonly used than transformational leadership
D) is used only in military leadership

Question 6

Molly focuses her leadership behaviors on helping followers reach their full potential as human beings.She is using ______.

A) situational leadership
B) path-goal leadership
C) contingent reward leadership
D) transformational leadership

Question 7

House notes that charismatic effects are more likely to occur in ______.

A) contexts in which followers experience few difficulties
B) supportive environments
C) stressful situations
D) sympathetic relationships

Question 8

José has consistently exceeded his sales projections for the past four quarters.His supervisor gave him a promotion because of his high sales success.His supervisor is using ______.

A) transformational leadership
B) middle-of-the-road leadership
C) laissez-faire leadership
D) transactional leadership

Question 9

Which type of leadership is concerned with emotions,values,ethics,standards,and long-term goals?

A) authentic leadership
B) transformational leadership
C) servant leadership
D) transactional leadership

Question 10

Which leadership theory is studied in a variety of disciplines,including nursing,education,and industrial engineering?

A) leader-member exchange theory
B) path-goal leadership theory
C) contingency theory
D) transformational leadership theory

Question 11

Research on transformational leadership ______.

A) is no longer being conducted
B) is relatively sparse in modern times
C) is prolific in modern times
D) dates back to 1930

Question 12

According to House,the following is not one of the specific types of behaviors commonly exhibited by charismatic leaders ______.

A) serving as a strong role model
B) giving structure to complex tasks
C) articulating ideological goals with moral overtones
D) arousing emotions

Question 13

Which personality characteristic of charismatic leadership is also one of the major leadership traits outlined in the chapter on Trait Approach?

A) dominance
B) self-confidence
C) morality
D) influential

Question 14

Burns outlined leadership in his seminal work in 1978 and described leadership as ______

A) quite different from power
B) quite similar to power
C) equivalent to power
D) about use of power and authority

Question 15

Which of the following is not a personality characteristic of charismatic leadership?

A) agreeable
B) dominant
C) strong moral values
D) desire to influence

Question 16

Christie,Barling,and Turner (2011)describe pseudotransformational leadership as ______.

A) strong inspirational motivation
B) inspired leadership focused on follower development
C) strong inspirational talent that is manipulative
D) inspired leadership focused toward other leaders

Question 17

Burns,when discussing leadership in the context of what is now termed transformational leadership,______.

A) found motivation in followers rarely existed
B) found leaders to be interested mainly in the bottom line
C) tried to link the roles of leadership and followership
D) tried to link the roles of in-group members to leadership outcomes

Question 18

Of the scholar(s)listed below,who argued that true leadership raises the moral values of subordinates?

A) Bennis and Nanus
B) Graen and Uhl-Bien
C) James MacGregor Burns
D) Kouzes and Posner

Question 19

A leader who communicates high expectations,shows competence,and sets a strong role model is using behaviors of ______.

A) situational leadership
B) path-goal leadership
C) transactional leadership
D) charismatic leadership

Question 20

Which type of leadership is most similar to transformational leadership?

A) transitional
B) laissez-faire
C) transactional
D) charismatic

Question 21

Optimism is a mediating factor in transformational leadership that affects ______.

A) employee job satisfaction
B) employee engagement
C) employee liking of the supervisor
D) employee self-esteem

Question 22

Hao is a new lawyer in your real estate law firm who comes highly recommended to you because of his high intelligence and experience with real-estate law.You encourage him to be creative and use innovation in problem solving when working on cases.You are using which transformational factor?

A) intellectual stimulation
B) contingent reward
C) individualized consideration
D) idealized influence

Question 23

Purposely choosing to give a civil rights speech in a location that is symbolic of past civil rights successful actions is an example of a leader using what transformational factor?

A) intellectual stimulation
B) contingent reward
C) inspirational motivation
D) management by exception-active

Question 24

Which transformational factor is most like charismatic transformational leadership?

A) inspirational motivation
B) contingent reward
C) individualized consideration
D) idealized influence

Question 25

The continuum of transformational leadership contains ______.

A) two non-intersecting continua
B) is one single continuum
C) is made up of independent transformational variables
D) is plotted on x and y axes to show variable interaction

Question 26

What makes it difficult to use the term transformational leadership when referencing leaders such as Saddam Hussein and Adolf Hitler?

A) Transformational leadership focuses on the leader's own interests.
B) Hussein and Hitler had no leadership traits.
C) Transformational leadership is effective; Hussein and Hitler's leadership styles were not.
D) Transformational leadership includes transforming, but only in a positive way.

Question 27

Which of the following is not a behavior consistent with factors of transformational leadership?

A) presenting challenging problems to solve
B) collaborating on a shared vision
C) communicating details of an employee bonus program
D) spending the morning with one employee to mentor her

Question 28

Kathleen regularly meets with and coaches each of her followers in hopes to help them reach their full potential.With some she is directive and with others she provides strong affiliation.Kathleen's behaviors are an example of ______.

A) transactional leadership
B) middle of the road leadership
C) transformational leadership
D) S4 in situational leadership

Question 29

The model of transformational leadership asserts that transformational leadership motivates followers to do more than expected by ______.

A) raising their consciousness about the value of specified goals
B) providing specified rewards for good work
C) encouraging work above and beyond to get promoted
D) relying on the follower team to work together

Question 30

What type of leader uses creative deployment of self through positive self-regard and emphasizes his or her strengths rather than dwelling on weaknesses?

A) servant
B) transformational
C) path-goal
D) transactional

Question 31

Management by exception-active is ______.

A) a form of transformational leadership
B) the non-leadership factor
C) a form of transactional leadership
D) more effective than contingent reward

Question 32

The Full Range Model of Transformational Leadership contains how many transformational leadership factors?

A) 1
B) 2
C) 4
D) 7

Question 33

Which factor of transformational leadership supports followers as they try new approaches and develop innovative ways of dealing with organizational issues?

A) inspirational motivation
B) intellectual stimulation
C) individualized consideration
D) idealized influence

Question 34

Which answer best describes the elements of a model of transformational leadership?

A) idealized influence, inspirational motivation, intellectual stimulation, individualized consideration
B) laissez-faire, contingent reward, management by exception, corrective transactions
C) supporting, controlling, delegating, directing
D) forming, storming, norming, performing

Question 35

The idealized influence factor in the full-range model is considered more effective than ______.

A) individualized consideration
B) inspirational motivation
C) intellectual stimulation
D) contingent reward

Question 36

To create change,transformational leaders ______.

A) focus on the task at hand
B) become strong role models for their followers
C) value out-group members' opinions
D) leave followers to work on their own

Question 37

The Full Range Model of Transformational Leadership contains how many total factors?

A) 1
B) 2
C) 4
D) 7

Question 38

The idealized influence factor is measured on the following components: ______.

A) attributional and behavioral components
B) charisma and inspirational components
C) intellectual stimulation and individualized consideration components
D) positive self-regard and encouraging-the-heart components

Question 39

Elena is a sales manager who encourages her employees through motivation to be committed to and a part of the shared vision of the organization.Elena is demonstrating which factor of transformational leadership?

A) inspirational motivation
B) intellectual stimulation
C) individualized consideration
D) idealized influence

Question 40

Which researcher extended House's work on transformational leadership?

A) Burns
B) Stogdill
C) Bass
D) Greenleaf

Question 41

Communicating a vision for the future of the organization in Bennis and Nanus's research is most similar to which of the transformational factors in the Full Range Model?

A) individualized consideration
B) idealized influence
C) contingent reward
D) inspirational motivation

Question 42

Which type of leadership gives no feedback and makes little effort to help followers satisfy their needs?

A) charismatic
B) transactional
C) laissez-faire
D) democratic

Question 43

Which of the following scholars presented an alternative transformational perspective that describes five exemplary practices of leadership?

A) Bennis and Nanus
B) Graen and Uhl-Bien
C) Gersey and Blanchard
D) Kouzes and Posner

Question 44

Which factor in the Full Range of Leadership Model includes mentoring and helping followers grow through personal challenges?

A) individualized consideration
B) inspirational motivation
C) contingent reward
D) intellectual stimulation

Question 45

Management by exception involves ______.

A) giving individualized attention to exceptional employees
B) offering payoffs for employees who perform their duties
C) negotiating special rules and tasks with employees
D) correcting misbehavior by employees

Question 46

I prefer to wait until the annual performance review time to deliver bad news about poor performance to my followers.I am using ______.

A) management by exception-passive
B) management by exception-active
C) laissez-faire
D) contingent reward

Question 47

The contingent reward factor ______.

A) is a reciprocal process of mutual influence
B) is a reciprocal process between two followers
C) is a process where follower effort is exchanged for specified rewards
D) is a negotiated process with equal rewards for follower and leader

Question 48

You provide a pay raise to a follower who has received high scores on annual performance reviews two years in a row.You are demonstrating ______.

A) management by exception-passive
B) management by exception-active
C) individualized consideration
D) contingent reward

Question 49

Contingent reward uses ______ reinforcement,whereas management by exception uses ______ reinforcement.

A) negative; positive
B) neutral; negative
C) positive; negative
D) positive; neutral

Question 50

Which factor in the Full Range of Leadership Model is the emotional factor in which leaders act as strong role models for followers?

A) individualized consideration
B) inspirational motivation
C) idealized influence
D) intellectual stimulation

Question 51

______ presented an alternative transformational perspective that included modeling the way,challenging the process,and encouraging the heart.

A) Bennis and Nanus
B) Graen and Uhl-Bien
C) Blake and Mouton
D) Kouzes and Posner

Question 52

The passive form of management by exception ______.

A) is considered non-leadership
B) is more effective than the active form
C) is similar to individualized consideration
D) is enacted only once problems arise

Question 53

Which factor in the Full Range of Leadership Model encourages followers to be creative and innovative?

A) individualized consideration
B) inspirational motivation
C) idealized influence
D) intellectual stimulation

Question 54

Which of the following strategies did Bennis and Nanus find leaders use in transforming their organizations?

A) merit-based rewards
B) visible recognition and awards for employees
C) being predictable and reliable to instill trust
D) challenging the process

Question 55

Which produces greater effects than transactional leadership?

A) individualized consideration
B) contingent reward
C) management by exception-passive
D) influential morality

Question 56

The active form of management by exception ______.

A) is slightly more effective than the passive form
B) is considered non-leadership
C) is similar to individualized consideration
D) is enacted only once problems arise

Question 57

Which factor describes leaders who communicate high expectations and engage followers to be part of a shared vision?

A) individualized consideration
B) inspirational motivation
C) idealized influence
D) intellectual stimulation

Question 58

Which of the following scholars presented an alternative transformational perspective that included vision,social architect,trust,and positive self-regard?

A) Bennis and Nanus
B) Graen and Uhl-Bien
C) Hersey and Blanchard
D) Kouzes and Posner

Question 59

I am a leader who watches my staff carefully and stops them immediately when they make a mistake.I am using ______.

A) management by exception-passive
B) management by exception-active
C) intellectual stimulation
D) contingent reward

Question 60

Kouzes and Posner's five practices that enable leaders to get extraordinary things accomplished include all of these except ______.

A) inspire a shared vision
B) offer valuable rewards
C) challenge the process
D) model the way

Question 61

A strength of the transformational model is the emphasis it places on followers' needs,values,and morals.

Question 62

Transformational leadership views leaders as social architects.

Question 63

According to Bass,charisma is a necessary but not sufficient condition for transformational leadership.

Question 64

Which of the following is not a strength of transformational leadership approach?

A) broadly researched
B) intuitive appeal
C) expansive leadership view
D) elitist and anti-democratic

Question 65

Transformational leadership has been criticized for being elitist and anti-democratic,meaning ______.

A) it gives the impression that the leader is acting independently of followers
B) the research supporting transformational leadership was completed only on high-level leaders
C) followers have the most influence in the organization
D) leaders only look to leaders in higher positions than themselves for help creating vision

Question 66

Transformational leadership ______.

A) is a valuable and widely used approach
B) is not an approach that scholars find useful
C) is not an approach that practitioners find useful
D) is an approach used only at the upper-management levels

Question 67

Which of the following is not a criticism of transformational leadership approach?

A) lacks conceptual clarity
B) has potential to be abused
C) expansive leadership view
D) elitist and anti-democratic

Question 68

Research has shown that when a company's CEO is charismatic,it may result in ______.

A) less commitment to goals because followers accede to the leader
B) increased incidence of management by exception
C) more employees becoming charismatic themselves
D) higher levels of employee identification with the company

Question 69

Transformational leaders are considered social architects when they ______.

A) create shared meanings for people within their organizations
B) maintain social relationships with individuals throughout the organization
C) develop social strategies and techniques
D) are strong, affable examples for their followers

Question 70

Alyssa is a team leader of the student ambassadors who give campus tours.Alyssa is a very busy college senior and does not communicate much with the ambassadors.When she does,her communication is typically to tell the ambassadors what they have done wrong on the tours.Alyssa is exhibiting ______.

A) intellectual stimulation
B) management by exception
C) contingent reward
D) laissez faire leadership

Question 71

Which leadership theories discussed in the text have "intuitive appeal" as a key strength?

A) behavioral, transformational, situational
B) trait, behavioral, path-goal
C) path-goal, situational, trait
D) trait, skills, transformational

Question 72

Some research has suggested that laissez faire leadership in conjunction with transactional and transformational leadership may be most effective,bringing to light one of the main themes in the textbook,which is ______.

A) situational leadership is the most effective form of leadership
B) oftentimes the best approach is a combination of leadership approaches
C) the traits of effective leaders depend on the context
D) all leadership approaches have an element of laissez faire

Question 73

Bass and Avolio suggest that transformational leadership cannot be taught since it results from innate leadership characteristics.

Question 74

Which of the following is a strength of the transformational approach?

A) the MLQ has well-established validity
B) it contains trait-like attributes
C) it is widely researched
D) the models are precise

Question 75

The challenge the process leadership practice is most similar to which of the transformational factors in the Full Range Model?

A) individualized consideration
B) idealized influence
C) intellectual stimulation
D) inspirational motivation

Question 76

The effect of transformational leadership on employee performance is said to be ______.

A) retroactive
B) additive
C) idealized
D) pseudo

Question 77

Some research has suggested that interest in transformational leadership may be exaggerated and perhaps not as relevant now that ______ are flooding into the workplace.

A) managers
B) intellectuals
C) followers
D) millennials

Question 78

Transformational leadership ______.

A) tells leaders how to act
B) tells followers how to act
C) gives four specific actions leaders should use in multiple situations
D) provides a general way of thinking about leadership, including follower needs

Question 79

A criticism of transformational leadership is that it treats leadership as a personality trait.

Question 80

Transformational leadership is fundamentally morally uplifting.This suggests that ______.

A) use of coercive leadership cannot be considered leadership
B) all transformative leadership has a negative side
C) using contingent reward cannot be considered leadership
D) using management by exception cannot be considered leadership