Deck 10: Noninvasive Monitoring

Question 1

Transcutaneous monitoring's limitations can be minimized by all of the following EXCEPT _______________.

A) site changes.
B) calibrations.
C) frequent membrane changes.
D) temperature adjustments.

Answer 1

temperature adjustments.

Question 2

What is the standard by which noninvasive monitors are compared?

A) Capnography
B) Pulmonary artery pressure monitoring
C) Transcutaneous P02 monitoring
D) Blood gas analysis

Answer 2

Blood gas analysis

Question 3

Which type of end-tidal CO₂ monitor draws the exhaled gas sample from the airway through a capillary tube to an analyzer that is located near the patient?

A) Sidestream end-tidal CO₂ monitor
B) Mainstream end-tidal CO₂ monitor
C) Oximeter
D) Transcutaneous monitor

Answer 3

Sidestream end-tidal CO₂ monitor

Question 4

What would be indicated for the monitoring the matching of ventilation to perfusion during independent lung ventilation for unilateral pulmonary contusion?

A) Pulse oximetry
B) Minute volume
C) Capnography
D) Transcutaneous oxygen monitoring

Question 5

What is defined as ongoing assessment of the patient's condition without entry into the body (through body orifices or via puncture of the skin or vessels)?

A) Transcutaneous monitoring
B) Noninvasive monitoring
C) Oximetry monitoring
D) End-tidal monitoring

Question 6

Which of the following are limiting factors of pulse oximeters?
I.Vascular dyes
II.Motion
III.Ambient light
IV.Nail polish

A) I and II only
B) III and IV only
C) IV only
D) I, II, III, and IV

Question 7

How do end-tidal CO₂ monitors measure the PetCO₂?

A) Heat
B) Oximetry
C) Infrared light absorption
D) Red light absorption

Question 8

When assessment of acid-base status and/or PaO₂ is not required,what is used to assess a patient's oxygenation?

A) End-tidal CO₂
B) SpO₂
C) Vital capacity
D) Tidal volume

Question 9

What is considered the standard of care during anesthesia?

A) Exhaled volume monitoring
B) Transcutaneous monitoring
C) Oximetry
D) Capnography

Question 10

Which of the following areas of the body can be used as probes sites for a pulse oximeter?
I.Ear
II.Finger
III.Toes
IV.Foot

A) I and II only
B) I, II, III, and IV
C) III and IV only
D) II, III, and IV only

Question 11

What principle does the pulse oximeter use to measure the oxygen saturation of a capillary bed?

A) Photospectrometry
B) Heated spectrometry
C) Sidestream sampling
D) Blood gas sampling

Question 12

The pulse Masimo Rad-57ᵀᴹ CO-Oximeter finger probe is placed on the patient's digit and can measure:

A) carbon monoxide.
B) methemoglobin.
C) fetal hemoglobin.
D) a and b

Question 13

What noninvasive monitoring technique should be used to help confirm the ET tube is in the proper position?

A) Capnography
B) Transcutaneous C02 monitoring
C) Pulse oximetry
D) Transcutaneous 02 monitoring

Question 14

Which of the following are indications for transcutaneous blood gas monitoring for neonatal and pediatric patients?
I.The need to monitor the adequacy of arterial oxygenation
II The need to monitor the adequacy of ventilation
III.The need to quantitate the response to diagnostic and therapeutic interventions as evidenced by PtcO₂
IV.The need to quantitate the response to diagnostic and therapeutic interventions as evidenced by PtcCO₂ values

A) I and II only
B) III and IV only
C) I, III, and IV only
D) I, II, III, and IV

Question 15

What would allow the respiratory care practitioner to monitor in real time a patient's partial pressure of oxygen?

A) Capnography
B) Pulmonary artery pressure monitoring
C) Noninvasive monitoring
D) Arterial blood gases

Question 16

What has greatly reduced the number of arterial blood gas (ABG)samples drawn in the acute care setting?

A) Capnography
B) Pulmonary artery pressure monitoring
C) Noninvasive monitoring
D) Transcutaneous P02 monitoring

Question 17

What electrode does the transcutaneous O₂ monitor incorporate into its design?

A) Clark electrode
B) Severinghaus electrode
C) Sanz electrode
D) Reference electrode

Question 18

How do the transcutaneous PO₂ and PCO₂ arterialize the sample site?

A) Oximetry
B) Red and infrared light
C) Photospectrometry
D) Heat

Question 19

Which of the following is NOT an indication for pulse oximetry?

A) The need to monitor the adequacy of arterial oxyhemoglobin saturation.
B) The need to quantitate the response of arterial oxyhemoglobin saturation to therapeutic intervention or to a diagnostic procedure
C) The need to comply with mandated regulations or recommendations by authoritative groups
D) To test for the presence of an ongoing need for measurement of total hemoglobin and abnormal hemoglobins

Question 20

Which electrode does the transcutaneous CO₂ monitor incorporate into its design?

A) Clark electrode
B) Severinghaus electrode
C) Sanz electrode
D) Reference electrode

Question 21

How does the pulse oximeter measure O₂ saturation in the capillary bed?

Question 22

All of the following are limitations of end-tidal CO₂ monitoring EXCEPT ______________.

A) pulmonary emboli.
B) tubing obstructions.
C) vasopressive drugs.
D) shunt producing pulmonary disease.

Question 23

A patient being monitored by pulse oximetry has a reading of 82%.The patient's color is good,the respiratory rate is 16/minute,and the heart rate is 88/minute.Routine daily arterial blood gases (ABG)are drawn and analyzed which reveal; PaO₂ 90 mmHg,PaCO₂ 37 mmHg,pH 7.38.An CO-oximeter is also used for analyzation and reveals; SaO₂ 95%,Hb 13.5 g/dl,metHb 0.3%,HbCO 0.5%.Explain the difference between the two readings.

Question 24

During capnography,what ventilatory variables should be monitored?
I.Vt
II.PEEP
III.Peak airway pressure

A) I and II
B) II and III
C) I, II, and III
D) I only

Question 25

Which of the following is a hazard of end-tidal CO₂ monitoring?

A) Airway blistering
B) Airway occlusion
C) Airway burns
D) Airway pressure

Question 26

A practitioner is monitoring an intubated patient on a mechanical ventilator with a capnograph.The reading on the capnograph suddenly drops to zero from 35 mmHg.How would the practitioner determine the cause of the reading?

Question 27

Pressure sores are a potential hazard of __________________.

A) pulse oximetry monitoring.
B) transcutaneous CO₂ monitoring.
C) transcutaneous O₂ monitoring.
D) end-tidal CO₂ monitoring.

Question 28

Skin burns are hazards of ______________

A) pulse oximetry.
B) transcutaneous monitoring.
C) end-tidal C02 monitoring.
D) a and b