Deck 13: Diseases of the Nervous System and the Special Senses

Question 1

The _____ lobes are responsible for the senses and the ability to understand spoken language.

A)frontal
B)occipital
C)parietal
D)temporal

Answer 1

D

Question 2

The _____ space is filled with cerebrospinal fluid.

A)arachnoid
B)ganglia
C)pia mater
D)subarachnoid

Answer 2

D

Question 3

The _____ lobe is devoted to interpreting visual input.

A)frontal
B)occipital
C)parietal
D)temporal

Answer 3

B

Question 4

_____ may be focal, affecting one part of the brain, or generalized, affecting many areas of the brain.

A)Alzheimer's
B)Epilepsy
C)Huntington's disease
D)Parkinson's

Question 5

The risk for traumatic brain injury from falls is greatest for those _____.

A)between the age of 16 and 35
B)between the age of 20 and 24
C)over age 50 and prepubescent children
D)over age 65 and under age 5

Question 6

The _____ lobe controls voluntary muscle actions and the muscles of speech.

A)frontal
B)occipital
C)parietal
D)temporal

Question 7

Spinal cord damage is _____.

A)essentially irreversible
B)irreversible if below the cervical vertebrae
C)reversible if below the thoracic vertebrae
D)reversible if treatment is initiated early

Question 8

Trigeminal neuralgia is severe chronic pain resulting from dysfunction of the _____ cranial nerve.

A)third
B)fourth
C)fifth
D)sixth

Question 9

One type of neuron is the _____, which detects environmental stimuli and transmits messages to the brain or spinal cord.

A)interneuron
B)motor neuron
C)neuroma
D)sensory neuron

Question 10

_____ pairs of spinal nerves originate in the spinal cord, carrying bundles of sensory and motor neurons throughout the body.

A)Twelve
B)Seventeen
C)Twenty-four
D)Thirty-one

Question 11

One type of neuron is the _____, which carries nervous impulses between neurons.

A)interneuron
B)motor neuron
C)neuroma
D)sensory neuron

Question 12

One type of neuron is the _____, which conveys messages from the CNS to muscles.

A)interneuron
B)motor neuron
C)neuroma
D)sensory neuron

Question 13

Which of the following is NOT used to diagnose epilepsy?

A)CT
B)EEG
C)MRI
D)TIA

Question 14

Which of the following is NOT one of the three subdivisions of the autonomic nervous system?

A)enteric
B)paraenteric
C)parasympathetic
D)sympathetic

Question 15

The signs and symptoms of _____ arise suddenly and include numbness, loss of vision, muscle weakness on one side of the face or body, confusion, and difficulty walking, speaking, and understanding.

A)Bell's palsy
B)hydrocephalus
C)spina bifida
D)stroke

Question 16

The cause of trigeminal neuralgia remains unknown, although it may be related to _____ of trigeminal neurons.

A)demyelination
B)hemorrhage
C)infection
D)inflammation

Question 17

The _____ lobes interpret the meaning of incoming sensory signals that arrives from the opposite side of the body.

A)frontal
B)occipital
C)parietal
D)temporal

Question 18

Ischemic strokes are treated with _____ drugs.

A)antihypertensive
B)antiseizure
C)clot-busting
D)steroid

Question 19

Bell's palsy is a paralysis of facial muscles caused by _____ of the facial nerve.

A)demyelination
B)hemorrhage
C)infection
D)inflammation

Question 20

The layers of the meninges affected by meningitis are the _____.

A)arachnoid mater and subarachnoid mater
B)pia mater and arachnoid mater
C)pia mater and subarachnoid mater
D)pia mater, subarachnoid mater, and arachnoid mater

Question 21

The signs and symptoms of _____ in infants usually begins with constipation.

A)botulism
B)Reye syndrome
C)shingles
D)tetanus

Question 22

Multiple sclerosis is an _____ disease.

A)autoimmune
B)infectious
C)inflammatory
D)opportunistic

Question 23

Of the three forms of botulism, _____ is the most common.

A)foodborne
B)infant
C)infectious
D)wound

Question 24

Most cases of encephalitis _____.

A)are mild and require no specific treatment
B)are treated with anticonvulsants
C)are treated with surgical shunts
D)require emergency medical attention

Question 25

The cause of ALS is _____.

A)caused by autoimmunity
B)demyelination of the nerves
C)due to an infection
D)unknown

Question 26

Infants who use _____ during flu and chickenpox infections are at risk for Reye syndrome.

A)antihistamines
B)aspirin
C)decongestants
D)Tylenol

Question 27

The polio virus is transmitted _____.

A)orally and infects motor neurons
B)orally and infects sensory neurons
C)via blood through mosquito bites and infects motor neurons
D)via blood through mosquito bites and infects sensory neurons

Question 28

_____ is the typical onset for ALS, MS, Huntington's, and some cases of Parkinson's.

A)Adolescence
B)Middle age
C)Old age
D)Puberty

Question 29

In bacterial meningitis, the cerebrospinal fluid has _____.

A)elevated glucose and leukocytes and low protein
B)elevated glucose and low leukocytes and protein
C)low glucose and elevated leukocytes and protein
D)low glucose and leukocytes and elevated protein

Question 30

The main treatment for _____ is levodopa (L-dopa).

A)AD
B)ALS
C)MS
D)PD

Question 31

Following entry into human tissue, the rabies virus moves to the _____ nervous system.

A)autonomic
B)central
C)parasympathetic
D)peripheral

Question 32

The cause of Parkinson's disease is related to reduced levels of the neurotransmitters _____.

A)acetylcholine and glutamate
B)dopamine and norepinephrine
C)endorphin and epinephrine
D)GABA and serotonin

Question 33

If a person is unimmunized against tetanus, _____ injections are necessary to neutralize the toxin.

A)antibiotic
B)diuretic
C)immunoglobulin
D)neuroleptic

Question 34

_____ is a disorder characterized by shaking of the hands and head, especially during voluntary movements.

A)Bell's palsy
B)Epilepsy
C)Essential tremor
D)Parkinson's disease

Question 35

The signs and symptoms of rabies occur _____.

A)early in the course of the disease, usually only hours after infection
B)late in the course of the disease, usually only days before death
C)only when the infection progresses to the autonomic nervous system
D)within a week after infection with the disease

Question 36

One of the signs of _____ in infants includes bulging fontanels, irritability, and poor reflexes.

A)encephalitis
B)epilepsy
C)meningitis
D)trigeminal neuralgia

Question 37

A liver biopsy provides a definitive diagnosis for _____, which shows fatty changes in the microvasculature in liver tissue.

A)Lou Gehrig's disease
B)Parkinson's disease
C)postpolio syndrome
D)Reye syndrome

Question 38

The tetanus toxin binds to _____, stimulates them, and causes muscles to be continually stimulated to contract.

A)interneurons
B)motor neurons
C)neuromas
D)sensory neurons

Question 39

One of the signs of _____ in infants includes bulging fontanels.

A)Alzheimer's
B)cerebral palsy
C)hydrocephalus
D)spina bifida

Question 40

Because Huntington's disease is an _____ disorder, having a parent with HD gives each child a 50% chance of inheriting HD.

A)autosomal dominant
B)autosomal recessive
C)sex-linked dominant
D)sex-linked recessive

Question 41

The tetanus bacteria live in animal and human intestines.

Question 42

Medical treatment for multiple sclerosis includes antispasmodics to control muscle spasms.

Question 43

Animal and human vaccinations has made rabies rare in the United States.

Question 44

The botulism bacteria thrive in anaerobic conditions.

Question 45

The somatic nervous system includes 12 pairs of cranial nerves and 24 pairs of spinal nerves.

Question 46

The word chorea refers to involuntary and ceaseless, rapid, jerky movements.

Question 47

Infant vaccination has greatly reduced the occurrence of meningitis caused by Haemophilus influenzae tybe b (Hib).

Question 48

A contusion results from a blow to the head or sudden shaking or movement.

Question 49

The signs and symptoms of ALS often begin with noticeable shaking in the hands and rigid, masklike facial muscles.

Question 50

Medications to counteract blood-thinning medications may be given for hemorrhagic stroke patients.

Question 51

Shingles can be prevented in children with the chickenpox vaccine.

Question 52

One of the risk factors for botulism includes eating honey.

Question 53

Falls are the leading cause of traumatic brain injury.

Question 54

The signs and symptoms of Alzheimer's disease often begin with memory loss and confusion.

Question 55

The peripheral nervous system is composed of the brain and spinal cord.

Question 56

Only an autopsy can confirm Alzheimer's disease.

Question 57

Because a stroke is a vascular disease, stroke and heart disease share many risk factors.

Question 58

Severe traumatic brain injury occurs in two forms: closed injuries and open injuries.

Question 59

Bacterial meningitis occurs more commonly than viral meningitis.

Question 60

Death from pulmonary failure or lung infections occurs 3 to 5 years after the onset of ALS symptoms.

Question 61

Trigeminal neuralgia is also called _____ douloureux.

Question 62

The nervous system coordinates and controls all of the body's functions and plays a central role in maintaining _____.

Question 63

About 70% to 90% of children with spina bifida also have hydrocephalus.

Question 64

An _____ is a diagnostic tool that records the brain's electrical activity.

Question 65

The inner part of the cerebrum contains basal _____ that control muscle coordination and steady movement.

Question 66

_____ is an inflammation of the brain, most often caused by a viral infection.

Question 67

The basic unit of the nervous system is the _____, or nerve cell.

Question 68

While most brain tumors are benign, both benign and malignant tumors are serious because they can impair vitally important areas.

Question 69

_____ is a central nervous system disorder characterized by abnormal electrical activity in the brain.

Question 70

_____ is an acute inflammation of the first two meninges that cover the brain and spinal cord.

Question 71

The _____ Coma Scale measures mental function, sensory responsiveness, and motor ability.

Question 72

There is no evidence to link brain tumors to electromagnetic radiation from cell phones.

Question 73

The brain is covered by three layers of tissue called the _____.

Question 74

The largest part of the brain is the _____, which interprets sensory information, directs motor activities, and houses intelligence and personality.

Question 75

In spina bifida the meninges fails to fuse correctly.

Question 76

As a child born with cerebral palsy gets older, the disorder continues to progress with increasing muscle rigidity.

Question 77

The _____ nervous system is divided into the somatic system and autonomic system.

Question 78

_____, known simply as polio, is a crippling, potentially fatal viral infection.

Question 79

Axons of many neurons are insulated by a lipoprotein covering called _____.

Question 80

A transient _____ attack is known as a "mini-stroke."