Deck 8: Sea Change: the New Terrorism and Homeland Security

Question 1

______ is regularly condemned when used in any non-warfare environment,regardless of the characteristics of the victim.

A)Use of force
B)Blind force
C)Indiscriminate force
D)Discriminate force

Answer 1

C

Question 2

Which of the following best describes a type of asymmetrical attack that has been gaining popularity among terrorists since 2014?

A)armored vehicle attacks using explosives
B)motorized vehicle attacks using unarmored,nonexplosive vehicles
C)Molotov cocktails being thrown from public transportation vehicles
D)stealing tanks from the armed forces and driving them into concerts

Answer 2

B

Question 3

What are soft targets?

A)military arsenals and combat outposts
B)civilians and passive military targets
C)naval bases and air stations
D)garrisons and military camps

Answer 3

B

Question 4

Counterterrorist experts seek to prevent terrorist groups from finalizing their plans,deter extreme activists from becoming terrorists,minimize destruction and casualties,and ______.

A)procure weapons of mass destruction to destroy disputed territories
B)use social media to infiltrate all terrorist organizations
C)implement treaties,laws,and task forces to create a counterterrorist environment
D)create stricter immigration laws

Question 5

Which of the following is considered a cause for the globalization of political violence?

A)new information technologies
B)established bureaucracies within terrorist networks
C)increased predictability of terrorist acts
D)vacuums of political leadership

Question 6

The ______ describes the emerging mode of conflict and crime in which the protagonists use network forms of organization and related doctrines,strategies,and technologies attuned to the information age.

A)Internet contagion theory
B)netwar theory
C)protagonist method
D)combatant method

Question 7

Which of the following is an attribute of the Old Terrorism?

A)loose cell-based networks
B)skillful manipulation of the media
C)political vagueness
D)a "surgical" selection of targets

Question 8

Which of the following was the most serious domestic incident of religious terrorism on United States soil prior to September 11,2001?

A)the 2000 sinking of the U.S.S.Cole in Yemen
B)the 1998 embassy bombings in Nairobi,Kenya,and Dar es Salaam,Tanzania
C)the 2000 Palestinian bombings on the Gaza strip
D)the 1993 vehicular bomb detonated at the World Trade Center by Ramzi Yousef

Question 9

The main goals of ISIS are first,to refuse to recognize the borders of Syria,Iraq,and other nations and second,______.

A)to wage war against the United States and claim all of its territory
B)to protest anti-Muslim sentiments worldwide and win converts to their faith
C)to win control of the government through legitimate,democratic means
D)to wage war to establish a renewed Islamic state that will encompass the entire Muslim world

Question 10

Which of the following is an attribute of the New Terrorism?

A)clearly identifiable organizations or movements
B)the view that civilian casualties are "collateral damage" to the intended target
C)utilization of modern networking technologies
D)focused messaging to a small,targeted national audience

Question 11

Insurgencies like those led by Mao Zedong in China,Ho Chi Minh in Vietnam,and Fidel Castro in Cuba are examples of wars of ______.

A)national liberation
B)loyalism
C)capitalism
D)traditionalism

Question 12

Beginning in the late 1960s,______ nationalists were the leading practitioners of international terrorism.

A)Palestinian
B)Israeli
C)Northern Irish
D)White

Question 13

______ terrorism is political violence conducted by groups of "true believers" who have fervent faith in the sacred righteousness of their cause.

A)Political
B)Religious
C)Environmental
D)Philosophical

Question 14

Peace processes,negotiations,and social reforms are all examples of ______.

A)conciliatory options
B)dissident action
C)diplomatic immunity
D)international immunity

Question 15

Groups from ______ and ______ figured prominently in left-wing domestic and international terrorist incidents between the 1960s and the early 1980s.

A)North Africa; Southeast Asia
B)North America; North Africa
C)Latin America; Western Europe
D)South America; Eastern Europe

Question 16

______ are conventional or unconventional adversaries who engage in armed conflict as members of regular military or irregular guerrilla fighting units.

A)Noncombatants
B)Extremists
C)Old Terrorists
D)Combatants

Question 17

Proponents of New Terrorism justify their goal of maximizing casualties because they want to attract attention to their cause,damage the economies of their enemies,make enemy populations scrutinize their demands,and ______.

A)carry out religious mandates
B)generate revenue
C)collect raw materials
D)return to traditional methods

Question 18

Current methods of fighting New Terrorism include increased homeland security measures,counterterrorist financial operations,global surveillance,identification and disruption of transnational terrorist cells,and ______.

A)publicized mediations
B)covert shadow wars
C)invitations to join NGO's
D)chemical warfare

Question 19

Experts do not know how many people count themselves as Al-Qaeda operatives,but estimates range from ______.

A)3,000 to 5,000
B)35,000 to 50,000
C)350,000 to 500,000
D)3 million to 5 million

Question 20

Which term describes the "copy-catting" phenomenon among terrorists where one terrorist group imitates another's tactics?

A)totalitarian method
B)contagion effect
C)fear dyad
D)proxy warfare method

Question 21

List three attributes of the New Terrorism profile.

Question 22

Asymmetrical warfare refers to the use of unexpected,nearly unpredictable,and unconventional methods of political violence.

Question 23

The Palestinian nationalist movement created a movement characterized by the acceptance of communal dissident terrorism as a strategy.

Question 24

During the Cold War,the United States and the U.S.S.R.engaged in a predictable pattern of behavior whereby the United States would support established governments,and the U.S.S.R.would support nationalist insurgencies.

Question 25

New Terrorism is characterized by rigid,strictly defined chains of command.

Question 26

Counterterrorism and antiterrorism are one in the same.

Question 27

List three attributes of the "Old Terrorism" profile.

Question 28

The "Old Terrorism" profile included unclear grievances promoting ambiguous causes.

Question 29

Chain networks occur when a set of actors is tied to a central node or actor and must go through that node to communicate and coordinate.

Question 30

Modern-day terrorists use unconventional methods,such as asymmetrical and indiscriminate attacks,because if they used conventional methods,they would never be a match for a superpower like the United States.

Question 31

There is no unanimity on what kind of violence constitutes an act of terrorism.

Question 32

The Internet,encryption applications,and social communication technologies are now used extensively by many terrorist groups and extremist movements.