Question 1

Research that will not directly benefit the research subjects is

Accepted Answer

Nontherapeutic research refers to research that will not directly benefit the research subjects. However, this type of research can still be ethical and lawful as long as proper consent and other ethical considerations are followed.

Question 2

The code of ethics dealing with experimentation on human subjects is

Accepted Answer

The Nuremberg Code is a set of principles developed after World War II in response to unethical medical experimentation on human subjects by the Nazis. It is now considered the foundation for modern research ethics and outlines key principles such as voluntary informed consent, minimizing harm and risks, and ensuring the welfare of the subjects.

Question 3

The issue of a warning or censure by the American Medical Association to a physician occurs when the physician

Accepted Answer

A warning or censure by the American Medical Association typically occurs when a physician is accused of unethical behavior or conduct, such as violating patient confidentiality or engaging in fraudulent billing practices. Refusing to treat a noncompliant patient or criticizing the AMA may result in professional consequences, but would not necessarily lead to a warning or censure by the organization. Not renewing one's license to practice may also have professional consequences, but is a separate issue from AMA discipline.

Question 4

Medical research that may directly benefit the research subject is

Accepted Answer

Medical research that may directly benefit the research subject is considered therapeutic as it has the potential to provide a medical benefit or improve health outcomes for the individual participating in the study. This type of research is ethically allowed and legal if conducted with appropriate informed consent procedures and oversight by an Institutional Review Board.

Question 5

Illegal acts are

Accepted Answer

Illegal acts go against the law and the legal system, which is typically based on the principles of ethics and morality. Therefore, illegal acts are usually considered unethical.

Question 6

The Uniform Anatomical Gift Act

Accepted Answer

The Uniform Anatomical Gift Act permits competent adults to allow posthumous use of their organs through a written document known as an organ donation card or the signature on their driver's license. It does not require all persons to be organ donors, nor does it allow minors to donate organs without parental consent or adults to receive organs from their parents.

Question 7

The ethics committee of a hospital serves in an advisory capacity to patients, families, and staff to

Accepted Answer

The answer of The ethics committee of a hospital serves...

Question 8

The father of medicine, who wrote a statement of principles for his medical students to follow, is

Accepted Answer

The father of medicine who wrote a statement of principles for his medical students to follow is Hippocrates. Hammurabi was a king who created a code of laws in ancient Mesopotamia. Semmelweis was a physician whose work on handwashing helped reduce deaths from childbirth fever. Nuremberg refers to the Nuremberg Code, a set of ethical guidelines for medical experimentation on humans after the atrocities committed by Nazi doctors during World War II.

Question 9

The concern for the human subject in medical experimentation is the result of the

Accepted Answer

The answer of The concern for the human subject in...

Question 10

An institutional review board in a hospital or university receiving federal research funds

Accepted Answer

An institutional review board (IRB) in a hospital or university receiving federal research funds is responsible for overseeing any human research in the facility. The IRB ensures that any research involving human subjects is conducted ethically and in compliance with federal regulations. The IRB does not regulate animal research, and genetic research on humans without consent is not permitted.

Question 11

The National Organ Transplant Law of 1984

Accepted Answer

The National Organ Transplant Law of 1984 forbids the sale of organs. It established the Organ Procurement and Transplantation Network (OPTN) to develop an allocation formula for distributing organs fairly to those who are in need of them. The law also established the United Network for Organ Sharing (UNOS) to oversee the OPTN and ensure that the system is functioning properly. However, it does not fund organ transplantation directly.

Question 12

Applied ethics relates to

Accepted Answer

Applied ethics refers to the practical application of ethical theories and principles to real-life situations, particularly in professional fields such as medicine, business, and law. Therefore, the best choice for this question is B, as healthcare professions fall under the category of professions that require the application of ethical theories and principles. The other options, such as religious beliefs, common sense, and social utility, may all influence ethical decisions, but they are not the primary focus of applied ethics.

Question 13

The loss of a physician's license is called

Accepted Answer

The correct term for the loss of a physician's license is revocation. Expulsion typically refers to removal from a membership or organization, disbarment is the loss of a lawyer's license, and allegation refers to an accusation that has not yet been proven.

Question 14

An employee should state a preference for not wishing to be involved in assisting with a procedure

Accepted Answer

Stating a preference for not wishing to be involved in assisting with a procedure before being hired allows for clear communication of personal boundaries and ethical considerations, and it enables the employer to assess whether they can accommodate the employee's needs from the outset.

Question 15

The branch of philosophy relating to morals or moral principles is

Accepted Answer

Ethics is the specific branch of philosophy that deals with moral principles and values. Bioethics and applied ethics are subfields within ethics, while law is a social science that deals with the regulation and enforcement of behavior.

Question 16

Issues discussed in the context of advanced medical technology are called

Accepted Answer

Bioethics involves the study of ethical issues arising from advances in biology and medicine, including advanced medical technology. Telemedicine refers specifically to the use of technology to provide remote medical care, while ethics and informatics are broader fields that may include aspects of bioethics but are not necessarily limited to medical technology.

Question 17

An allegation of a criminal act by a physician requires that the

Accepted Answer

Allegations of criminal acts by a physician must be reported to the state licensing board or governmental agency for investigation and potential disciplinary action. Giving a warning or reporting to colleagues may not be sufficient or appropriate actions to take.

Question 18

Giving organs to patients who will benefit the most is called

Accepted Answer

Social utility is the principle of allocating organs based on the potential benefit to the patient, such as longer life expectancy or improved quality of life.

Question 19

Allocating organs for transplants is handled through

Accepted Answer

The United Network for Organ Sharing (UNOS) is the nonprofit organization responsible for managing the nation's organ transplant system. UNOS oversees the allocation of organs for transplant, including maintaining a national computerized waiting list, matching donors to recipients, and coordinating the transportation of organs. Medical insurance, Medicaid, and Medicare may play a role in funding the transplant procedure, but they do not handle the allocation of organs.

Question 20

The AAMA has developed a code of ethics for the

Accepted Answer

The question specifies that the code of ethics in question was developed by the AAMA (American Association of Medical Assistants), which is an organization that specifically represents medical assistants. Therefore, the correct answer is C) medical assistant.

Quiz 11: Ethical and Bioethical Issues in Medicine