Question 1

Task performance is most negatively influenced by which of the following?

Accepted Answer

Complex instruction in an unfamiliar environment can be overwhelming and confusing for individuals, leading to poor task performance. Familiar environments can provide a sense of comfort and knowledge to individuals, allowing them to perform better even with more complex instructions. Simple instructions in either familiar or unfamiliar environments may not negatively impact task performance as much as complex instructions in unfamiliar environments.

Question 2

A patient is unable to maintain a self-stretching activity while watching another patient walk in the parallel bars.This is an example of difficulty with

Accepted Answer

B

Question 3

Identifying ideomotor apraxia during an examination of bed mobility can be accomplished by which of the following?

Accepted Answer

Placing an object or person with relevance to the patient on the side of the bed will require the patient to initiate and complete the rolling motion toward that side of the bed. If the patient is unable to do so, it could indicate ideomotor apraxia. Demonstrating rolling for the patient first (B) may not accurately assess for ideomotor apraxia as the patient may be able to imitate the movement without actually initiating it on their own. Verbalizing the procedure needed to roll before the rolling (C) may help with cognitive sequencing, but may not necessarily identify ideomotor apraxia. Manually cueing the patient to initiate and complete the roll (D) would not accurately assess for ideomotor apraxia as it would provide external assistance rather than assessing the patient's ability to initiate the movement on their own.

Question 4

Which of the following is a primary advantage of using remedial techniques to retrain functional activities for a patient with cognitive dysfunction?

Accepted Answer

Remedial techniques aim to address underlying deficits in cognitive function and promote neural recovery, which can have longer-lasting effects on functional activities than compensatory techniques that simply teach workarounds. While remedial techniques may require more active participation from the patient and may take longer to produce results, they can ultimately lead to greater independence and improved quality of life. Choices A and B are not necessarily advantages of remedial techniques, as they may still require some level of insight and language skills from the patient. Choice D is also not an advantage, as remedial techniques may take longer to produce functional results than compensatory techniques.

Question 5

A therapist chooses to reteach meal preparation in a regular kitchen with real food for a patient with cognitive dysfunction.What cognitive approach is being employed?

Accepted Answer

The neurofunctional approach focuses on practicing real-life tasks in natural settings to improve functional skills, which aligns with reteaching meal preparation in a regular kitchen.

Question 6

Training a patient with visual scanning and visual cancellation activities to improve reading function is an example of which treatment approach?

Accepted Answer

Retraining involves exercises and activities designed to improve specific cognitive or perceptual skills, such as visual scanning and cancellation, to enhance overall function, like reading.

Question 7

The physical therapist attempts kinesthesia testing with a patient post CVA by asking the patient to mimic with the uninvolved arm the passive movement the therapist is performing on the involved arm.The patient does not move the uninvolved arm despite repeated cues.A possible explanation includes

Accepted Answer

The answer of The physical therapist attempts kinesthesia testing with...

Question 8

Visual-perceptual impairment can be differentially diagnosed from homonymous hemianopsia by which of the following tests?

Accepted Answer

Visual object identification involves the recognition and interpretation of visual information, which is a process that can be impaired in individuals with visual-perceptual impairment. Homonymous hemianopsia, on the other hand, is a deficit in visual field perception and does not directly affect visual object identification. Therefore, the ability to identify visual objects can help differentiate between these two conditions. Visual fixation, ocular pursuits, and visual acuity are measures of basic visual function and may not provide enough information to differentiate between these two conditions.

Question 9

A patient with apraxia demonstrates confusion and an inability to succeed when asked to navigate a maze.The most likely cause of the problem is

Accepted Answer

The answer of A patient with apraxia demonstrates confusion and...

Question 10

Which of the following describes relearning to initiate sit-to-stand using visual cues following brain injury?

Accepted Answer

The answer of Which of the following describes relearning to...

Question 11

When preparing to cross a busy street,a patient with perceptual difficulties will struggle most with which of the following?

Accepted Answer

Patients with perceptual difficulties may struggle with judging the speed and distance of oncoming cars, making it challenging to determine when it is safe to cross.

Question 12

A patient with a right CVA,ambulating with a rolling walker,continually runs into objects on the left side of the walking path.Without further testing,this presentation can be called

Accepted Answer

Unilateral neglect is a condition in which an individual is unable to attend to, and therefore neglects, one side of their body or their environment. In this case, the patient is running into objects on their left side, suggesting neglect of the left side. Homonymous hemianopsia refers to loss of vision in one half of the visual field of both eyes, whereas anosognosia is denial or lack of awareness of one's own illness or disability. Somatognosia refers to a disturbance in one's awareness of their own body and body parts. None of these conditions fully explain the patient's presentation.

Question 13

A patient is able to verbalize the steps needed to complete the activity you have requested; however,accuracy in physically completing the task is significantly lacking.This is an example of a deficit in what aspect of executive function?

Accepted Answer

Effective performance is the ability to physically complete a task accurately.

Question 14

Which of the following is an example of a compensatory approach for treating short-term memory loss?

Accepted Answer

A compensatory approach for treating short-term memory loss involves using external tools or strategies to aid memory, rather than trying to improve memory function directly. A memory log is an example of such a tool, as it helps individuals keep track of information they might otherwise forget.

Question 15

While carrying a full glass of water across a room to a table,a patient with impairment of divided attention is requested to search the room for target objects.Which of the following is most likely to occur?

Accepted Answer

Patients with impairment of divided attention have difficulty focusing on multiple tasks at once. In this scenario, the patient is being asked to carry a full glass of water while also searching for target objects in the room. It is likely that the patient will be able to complete one task (carrying the water to the table) but with decreased speed and accuracy. The patient may struggle to maintain their attention on both tasks simultaneously, leading to decreased performance on both. It is possible that the patient may spill the water if their attention becomes too focused on searching for targets, but this is not guaranteed. Therefore, choice B is the most likely outcome.

Question 16

A patient demonstrates difficulty pouring liquid from a red cup into a green bowl.The therapist determines the deficit is ideomotor apraxia when the patient

Accepted Answer

Ideomotor apraxia is a deficit in translating an idea into a motor action. Difficulty in the motor action of pouring liquid from a cup to a bowl suggests that the patient may have trouble with the ideomotor planning and execution of the movement required for this task. Specifically, if the patient cannot tip the cup to pour the liquid, it suggests impairment in the ideomotor planning of this action. The other options are not related to ideomotor apraxia but suggest deficits in spatial awareness, visual perception, or motor planning.

Question 17

Which of the following statements provides "knowledge of results" feedback to a patient working on wheelchair mobility?

Accepted Answer

Knowledge of results feedback provides information about the outcome of a movement. Statement A informs the patient about the result of their action, which is reaching the end of the room.

Question 18

A home health physical therapist is working with a patient post CVA on stair negotiation in the home.Repetitive practice on the stairs with the use of white tape on the first and last step is a combination of which two treatment approaches?

Accepted Answer

The use of white tape on the stairs is a compensatory strategy to enhance safety and awareness, aligning with the rehabilitative/compensatory approach. Repetitive practice focuses on functional task performance, which is a key aspect of the neurofunctional approach.

Question 19

Following a mild head injury,a 13-year-old patient demonstrates declining academic performance in reading comprehension.Without further testing,the aspect of cognitive function most likely involved is

Accepted Answer

Sustained attention is crucial for reading comprehension, as it involves maintaining focus over a period to understand and integrate information. A decline in this area could lead to difficulties in maintaining the concentration needed for reading and understanding text, which could explain the observed decline in academic performance following a head injury.

Question 20

A patient who exhibits difficulty with recognizing personal performance errors is demonstrating difficulty with which of the following?

Accepted Answer

Difficulty with recognizing personal performance errors is a characteristic of executive dysfunction, which involves the ability to plan, organize, initiate, and monitor one's own activities. Perception refers to the ability to interpret and make sense of sensory information; learning involves acquiring new information and skills; and memory involves the ability to store and retrieve information.

Quiz 29: Cognitive and Perceptual Dysfunction