Question 1

When we look at a white house,we can recognize it as a white house by day or night and from any angle.This is due to
A)the law of closure.
B)perceptual constancy.
C)the perception of relative size.
D)the law of continuity.

Accepted Answer

Perceptual constancy refers to our ability to perceive objects as having a consistent shape, size, and color, even as the conditions under which we view them change. This is why we can recognize a white house as a white house regardless of the lighting conditions or viewing angle. The other options - the law of closure, the perception of relative size, and the law of continuity - all play a role in visual perception, but are not specifically related to our ability to perceive objects with constancy.

Question 2

Our ability to see objects as relatively stable and unchanging despite changing sensory information is called
A)the law of closure.
B)perceptual constancy.
C)the perception of relative size.
D)the law of continuity.

Accepted Answer

Perceptual constancy refers to our ability to perceive objects as relatively stable and unchanging despite changing sensory information. The other options listed are different perceptual laws or concepts, but do not specifically address this ability to maintain a stable perception of objects.

Question 3

Jan can see objects well when they are close,but they appear blurry from afar.The likely explanation for this issue is that
A)Jan is focusing the objects on her blind spot.
B)Jan is nearsighted.
C)Jan is farsighted.
D)Jan is developing a cataract.

Accepted Answer

The symptom of seeing objects well when they are close but blurry from afar is indicative of nearsightedness, also known as myopia. This means that the eye's lens focuses the image in front of the retina instead of directly on it, causing blurry vision for distant objects.

Question 4

The process by which rods and cones become more sensitive to light in response to lowered levels of illumination is called
A)dark transduction.
B)light adaptation.
C)dark adaptation.
D)sensory adaptation.

Accepted Answer

Dark adaptation is the process by which rods and cones become more sensitive to light in response to lowered levels of illumination. This occurs when moving from a well-lit environment to a dimly lit environment, such as entering a dark movie theater from a sunny outdoors.

Question 5

Stewart is sitting in his office,which is lit with a bluish neon light,eating a red apple.Even though the apple is bathed in bluish light,he continues to perceive it as red.This illustrates
A)the trichromatic theory.
B)colour continuity.
C)the opponent-process theory.
D)colour constancy.

Accepted Answer

This scenario illustrates colour constancy, which is the ability of our brain to maintain a consistent perception of an object's colour despite changes in illumination. The fact that Stewart continues to perceive the apple as red, even though it is being illuminated by a bluish light, is an example of colour constancy.

Question 6

People with normal vision will perceive a door as a rectangle whether they view it when it is fully closed or partially open,as long as the door is,in fact,a rectangle.This is an example of
A)shape constancy.
B)size constancy.
C)closure.
D)continuity.

Accepted Answer

Shape constancy refers to the ability to recognize an object as the same shape regardless of its orientation or angle of view. In this case, the door is perceived as a rectangle even when it is partially open because its overall shape is still recognizable. Size constancy, on the other hand, refers to the ability to perceive the true size of an object regardless of its distance from the viewer. Closure and continuity are other perceptual phenomena that refer to the brain's ability to fill in missing information or perceive patterns as continuous even when some parts are obscured.

Question 7

Visual information is sent to a part of the thalamus called the
A)LGN.
B)MLN.
C)MGN.
D)LMN.

Accepted Answer

Visual information is primarily sent to the lateral geniculate nucleus (LGN) within the thalamus, which then projects to the primary visual cortex in the occipital lobe. The MLN and LMN do not exist within the thalamus, and the MGN is primarily involved in processing auditory information.

Question 8

Which is the correct order of structures as visual information travels through the brain?
A)LGN;optic chiasm;occipital lobe
B)optic chiasm;occipital lobe;LGN
C)LGN;occipital lobe;optic chiasm
D)optic chiasm;LGN;occipital lobe

Accepted Answer

Visual information travels from the optic chiasm to the lateral geniculate nucleus (LGN) of the thalamus, and then to the occipital lobe where visual processing occurs.

Question 9

Although she is normally not aware of its existence,Ingrid discovers that she has a blind spot in her vision by closing one eye and focusing on a fixed point.What explains why Ingrid has this blind spot in her vision?
A)She is likely suffering from severe retinal degeneration.
B)She is experiencing sensory adaptation.
C)No photoreceptors are located where the optic nerve leaves the eye.
D)She has likely suffered damage to her occipital cortex.

Accepted Answer

The blind spot in Ingrid's vision is due to the fact that there are no photoreceptors (rods or cones) located where the optic nerve exits the eye. This is a natural occurrence in all human eyes and is not related to retinal degeneration or damage to the occipital cortex. Sensory adaptation refers to a decrease in sensitivity to a stimuli over time, and is not relevant to Ingrid's blind spot.

Question 10

The ventral stream of the visual pathway extends from the ______________,while the dorsal stream extends from the _____________.
A)visual cortex to the temporal lobe;visual cortex to the parietal lobe
B)visual cortex to the parietal lobe;visual cortex to the temporal lobe
C)optic chiasm to the LGN;visual cortex to the LGN
D)visual cortex to the LGN;optic chiasm to the LGN

Accepted Answer

The ventral stream, often referred to as the "what" pathway, extends from the visual cortex to the temporal lobe, involved in object recognition and form representation. The dorsal stream, known as the "where" or "how" pathway, extends from the visual cortex to the parietal lobe, involved in processing the object's spatial location relative to the viewer and coordinating the action of objects.

Question 11

Feature detection cells in the visual cortex respond selectively to features such as
A)colour and brightness.
B)size and distance.
C)angles and edges.
D)facial features.

Accepted Answer

Feature detection cells in the visual cortex respond selectively to specific aspects of an image, such as angles and edges. They are specifically tuned to detect and process the visual features that make up every object and scene we see. While cells that respond to color and brightness also exist, they are not referred to as feature detection cells. Size and distance are not specific visual features that can be detected by cells, and facial features are processed by specific cells in the brain, but not necessarily within the visual cortex.

Question 12

Why are we normally unaware of the blind spot in our vision?
A)Light does not normally fall on the blind spot.
B)Our brains "fill in" the missing visual information for us.
C)Despite the name,the blind spot does not actually prevent light in our visual field from being detected.
D)The blind spot is only an issue in very low light conditions.

Accepted Answer

Our brains "fill in" the missing visual information for us, which makes us unaware of the blind spot in our vision.

Question 13

Visual information is sent from both eyes to both hemispheres in the brain.Half of the information remains on the same side (e.g. ,right eye,right hemisphere),while the other half crosses to the contralateral hemisphere at the
A)optic disc
B)optic chiasm
C)lateral geniculate nucleus
D)visual cortex

Accepted Answer

The optic chiasm is the structure where the optic nerves from each eye cross over to the opposite hemisphere of the brain, allowing for both hemispheres to receive visual information from both eyes.

Question 14

Tyrone has good vision and can easily recognize common objects.However,he often relies on the sound of voices,rather than facial appearance,to be certain he is talking to one of his friends or family.Tyrone suffers from a rare disease called
A)face pareidolia.
B)prosopagnosia.
C)perceptual constancy deficit.
D)fusiform degredation.

Accepted Answer

Tyrone's reliance on voices rather than facial appearance suggests that he may have prosopagnosia, also known as face blindness. This is a rare condition where individuals have difficulty recognizing faces, even of familiar people such as friends and family.

Question 15

Prosopagnosia is defined as
A)difficulty seeing objects at a distance.
B)difficulty seeing objects up close.
C)the inability to perceive depth.
D)the inability to recognize faces.

Accepted Answer

Prosopagnosia is a neurological disorder characterized by the inability to recognize faces.

Question 16

The ______________ carries sensory information from the retina to the brain areas where visual perception will occur.
A)fovea
B)layer of photoreceptors
C)optic nerve
D)optic disc

Accepted Answer

The optic nerve carries sensory information from the retina to the brain areas where visual perception will occur. The fovea is a small depression in the retina responsible for detailed central vision. The layer of photoreceptors refers to the cells in the retina responsible for detecting light and transmitting signals to the brain. The optic disc is the point where the optic nerve exits the eye and does not carry sensory information.

Question 17

Duncan is trying to find a constellation of dim stars in the night sky.You recommend that he not to look directly at the stars.By using this approach,the light will fall ________ and on the part of the retina that has a higher concentration of _______,which are better at detecting dim light.
A)directly on the fovea;rods
B)directly on the fovea;cones
C)away from the fovea;cones
D)away from the fovea;rods

Accepted Answer

By looking away from the fovea (center of the retina where cones are concentrated for high acuity vision), Duncan can utilize his peripheral vision which has a higher concentration of rods that are better at detecting dim light. Looking directly at the stars may also cause the bright central light to saturate the cones, making it harder to see dimmer stars.

Question 18

The optic nerve creates the _______,an area of the retina that contains no photoreceptors.
A)fovea
B)sclera
C)optic disc
D)optic tract

Accepted Answer

The optic nerve creates the optic disc, which is also known as the blind spot. This area of the retina contains no photoreceptors and thus cannot detect incoming light.

Question 19

Sun watches as his wife Tamara walks toward the house.Even though Tamara fills more and more of Sun's visual field as she approaches,she does not appear to be growing larger as she moves closer towards Sun.This illustrates
A)relative size.
B)size constancy.
C)height in plane.
D)linear perspective.

Accepted Answer

Size constancy is the tendency to perceive an object as being the same size despite changes in its distance from the observer. This is demonstrated in the scenario given, where Tamara does not appear to be growing larger as she approaches Sun, indicating that his visual system is maintaining a stable perception of her size.

Question 20

The processing of visual information occurs in two separate streams in the brain.The ventral stream is responsible for _________ ,while the dorsal stream is responsible for ________________.
A)object recognition;depth and movement perception
B)depth and movement perception;object recognition
C)colour perception;control of eye movements
D)control of eye movements;colour perception

Accepted Answer

The ventral stream, also known as the "what pathway," is responsible for object recognition, while the dorsal stream, also known as the "where pathway," is responsible for depth and movement perception.

Quiz 4: C: Sensation and Perception

When we look at a white house,we can recognize it as a white house by day or night and from any angle.This is due to

Our ability to see objects as relatively stable and unchanging despite changing sensory information is called

Jan can see objects well when they are close,but they appear blurry from afar.The likely explanation for this issue is that

The process by which rods and cones become more sensitive to light in response to lowered levels of illumination is called

Stewart is sitting in his office,which is lit with a bluish neon light,eating a red apple.Even though the apple is bathed in bluish light,he continues to perceive it as red.This illustrates

People with normal vision will perceive a door as a rectangle whether they view it when it is fully closed or partially open,as long as the door is,in fact,a rectangle.This is an example of

Visual information is sent to a part of the thalamus called the

Which is the correct order of structures as visual information travels through the brain?

Although she is normally not aware of its existence,Ingrid discovers that she has a blind spot in her vision by closing one eye and focusing on a fixed point.What explains why Ingrid has this blind spot in her vision?

The ventral stream of the visual pathway extends from the __,while the dorsal stream extends from the _.

Feature detection cells in the visual cortex respond selectively to features such as

Why are we normally unaware of the blind spot in our vision?

Visual information is sent from both eyes to both hemispheres in the brain.Half of the information remains on the same side (e.g. ,right eye,right hemisphere) ,while the other half crosses to the contralateral hemisphere at the

Tyrone has good vision and can easily recognize common objects.However,he often relies on the sound of voices,rather than facial appearance,to be certain he is talking to one of his friends or family.Tyrone suffers from a rare disease called

Prosopagnosia is defined as

The ______________ carries sensory information from the retina to the brain areas where visual perception will occur.

Duncan is trying to find a constellation of dim stars in the night sky.You recommend that he not to look directly at the stars.By using this approach,the light will fall __ and on the part of the retina that has a higher concentration of _,which are better at detecting dim light.

The optic nerve creates the _______,an area of the retina that contains no photoreceptors.

Sun watches as his wife Tamara walks toward the house.Even though Tamara fills more and more of Sun's visual field as she approaches,she does not appear to be growing larger as she moves closer towards Sun.This illustrates

The processing of visual information occurs in two separate streams in the brain.The ventral stream is responsible for _ ,while the dorsal stream is responsible for ________.