Question 1

The ________ are proprioceptors located within the fibers of most skeletal muscles; they detect changes in muscle length.

Accepted Answer

muscle spindles

Question 2

The neural aspects of vision begin in which part of the eye?

Accepted Answer

The neural aspects of vision begin in the retina, which contains specialized cells called photoreceptors that convert light into neural signals that are transmitted to the brain via the optic nerve. The lens, pupil, and cornea are involved in focusing incoming light onto the retina, but do not initiate neural processing.

Question 3

People who type on a keyboard when their fingertips are anesthetized have problems with movement ________ while typing.

Accepted Answer

accuracy [Also acceptable: consistency]

Question 4

The procedure in which a film simulation of a skilled performance is stopped and the person is asked to indicate the outcome of the performance is known as the:

Accepted Answer

The procedure described in the question is called the temporal occlusion procedure. This involves stopping a video of a skilled performance at various points and asking the viewer to predict or indicate what will happen next. This is a commonly used technique in sports psychology to assess an individual's ability to anticipate and make decisions based on visual information. Option A (event occlusion procedure) refers to stopping a video at a critical event, rather than a specified time, and asking the viewer to predict what will happen next. Option C (anticipation timing procedure) and option D (perturbation procedure) are not relevant to the procedure described in the question.

Question 5

If you want to rapidly move the cursor on your computer screen to an icon, when during the movement of the cursor would you shift your visual point of gaze to the icon?

Accepted Answer

Just before the cursor reaches the icon, shifting your gaze allows your brain to process the final location and adjust the movement accordingly for precise control.

Question 6

In the experiment by Spencer and others (2005) in which two sensory neuropathy patients were compared to control participants, the repetitive circles drawn by the patients were:

Accepted Answer

The experiment found that the circles drawn by the neuropathy patients were significantly larger and more variable in size and shape than the circles drawn by the control participants. Therefore, the circles were different from the control participants' circles in size and shape.

Question 7

An important role of proprioceptive feedback in the control of movement is to provide information about the ________ of the movement.

Accepted Answer

The answer of An important role of proprioceptive feedback in...

Question 8

Which of the following techniques that researchers use to study the role of proprioception in motor control does not remove proprioceptive feedback but only distorts it?

Accepted Answer

Tendon vibration involves using a device to stimulate the tendon and generate an artificial proprioceptive signal, but it does not completely remove or block actual proprioceptive feedback. Surgical deafferentation, nerve block, and sensory neuropathy all involve more complete removal or disruption of proprioceptive feedback.

Question 9

In the Lee and Aronson "moving room" experiment, in which the walls moved but the floor did not, which of the following describes what the children did?

Accepted Answer

In the Lee and Aronson "moving room" experiment, the children made postural adjustments according to the wall movements, showing that they integrated information from multiple sensory systems to maintain balance. No evidence was given that the children stood still or laughed.

Question 10

When you move your arm to reach and grasp a bottle of water that is in front of you on a table, which of the following parts of the movement would be affected if you did not have peripheral vision available?

Accepted Answer

The answer of When you move your arm to reach...

Question 11

Which of the following movement characteristics is influenced by tactile sensory information?

Accepted Answer

Tactile sensory information plays a role in the accuracy of grasping an object, as it provides feedback about the size, shape, and texture of the object being grasped.

Question 12

The greatest concentration of sensory receptors is in the fingertips.

Accepted Answer

The answer of The greatest concentration of sensory receptors is...

Question 13

Although people can use monocular vision to reach and pick up objects, movement accuracy and efficiency decrease as the:

Accepted Answer

The answer of Although people can use monocular vision to...

Question 14

Although researchers have reported various findings, the most reasonable estimate of the amount of time required for visual feedback to enable a movement correction during the performance of a simple manual aiming task is:

Accepted Answer

The most widely accepted estimate for the time required for visual feedback to enable a movement correction during a simple manual aiming task is between 100 and 160 msec. This is supported by various studies and considered a reasonable estimate. Choice B is too long, and choice C is even longer. Choice D is incorrect because there is always some amount of time required for the visual feedback to be processed and for a correction to be made.

Question 15

According to the hypothesis that there are two visual systems for the control of movement, the visual system that processes visual information in peripheral vision is called the:

Accepted Answer

According to the hypothesis of two visual systems for the control of movement, the visual system that processes visual information in peripheral vision is called the kinetic visual channel. The static visual channel processes visual information in the central vision or foveal area. The feedback visual channel receives information about movement errors and helps in making corrections. Therefore, option B is the best choice as it accurately describes the visual system that processes visual information in peripheral vision.

Question 16

The clear surface that is the most anterior part of the eye is the ________.

Accepted Answer

The answer of The clear surface that is the most...

Question 17

Proprioceptors are not found in which of the following?

Accepted Answer

Proprioceptors are sensory receptors that provide information about body position, movement, and orientation. They are found in muscles, joints, and tendons, but not in bones.

Question 18

The optic nerves from the two eyes meet near the base of the brain and form the optic ________.

Accepted Answer

The answer of The optic nerves from the two eyes...

Question 19

The neural receptors in the skin that detect tactile sensory information are which type of receptors?

Accepted Answer

Mechanoreceptors are the type of receptors in the skin that detect tactile sensory information, such as pressure, touch, and vibration. Chemoreceptors respond to chemical stimuli, proprioceptors detect changes in body position and movement, and photoreceptors respond to light.

Question 20

When you walk across a street, the optical variable tau influences the initiation of your leg movement to step up onto the curb on the basis of the:

Accepted Answer

Optical variable tau is a measure of time-to-contact (TTC) between an observer and an object in motion. In this situation, as you approach the curb, the TTC decreases and your brain uses this information to initiate the leg movement to step up onto the curb. Therefore, the amount of time remaining to contact the curb (option B) is the most relevant factor for initiating the leg movement, as opposed to the distance from the curb (option A), height of the curb (option C), or width of the street (option D).

Quiz 6: Sensory Components of Motor Control