Question 1

Some hyperlipidemic agents and anticoagulants have a category X pregnancy rating.

Accepted Answer

Some hyperlipidemic agents and anticoagulants, such as warfarin, have a category X pregnancy rating, meaning they are contraindicated during pregnancy due to potential harm to the fetus.

Question 2

Headaches caused by long-term nitroglycerin preparations are not readily relieved by NSAIDs because they are vascular in origin.

Accepted Answer

The answer of Headaches caused by long-term nitroglycerin preparations are...

Question 3

Digoxin has a wide therapeutic range before causing side effects and adverse reactions.

Accepted Answer

Digoxin has a narrow therapeutic range, meaning there's a small margin between effective doses and doses that can cause side effects and adverse reactions.

Question 4

Match the following terms with their descriptions below.
-Irregular rhythm, such as cardiac rhythm

Accepted Answer

Irregular rhythm is best described as arrhythmia. Angina pectoris refers to chest pain or discomfort caused by reduced blood flow to the heart. Arteriosclerosis refers to the hardening and thickening of the arterial walls. Atherosclerosis refers specifically to the buildup of plaque in the arteries. Myocardial infarction is more commonly known as a heart attack.

Question 5

Nitroglycerin patches are slow in onset and are not effective for ongoing angina attacks.

Accepted Answer

Nitroglycerin patches are designed to prevent angina attacks rather than provide immediate relief during an ongoing attack.

Question 6

Match the following terms with their descriptions below.
-Buildup of fatty plaque on the walls of arterioles

Accepted Answer

Atherosclerosis is the buildup of fatty plaque on the walls of arterioles.

Question 7

Match the following terms with their descriptions below.
-Deprivation of blood supply to the heart due to blocked coronary arteries with resulting necrosis of the myocardium

Accepted Answer

Deprivation of blood supply to the heart due to blocked coronary arteries with resulting necrosis of the myocardium is known as myocardial infarction. Angina pectoris is chest pain or discomfort that occurs when the heart muscle doesn't get enough blood. Arteriosclerosis is the thickening and hardening of the walls of the arteries. Atherosclerosis is a type of arteriosclerosis in which plaque builds up inside the arteries. Arrhythmia is an abnormal heart rhythm.

Question 8

Nitroglycerin tablets should be discarded 6 months after the bottle has been opened.

Accepted Answer

Nitroglycerin tablets are sensitive to moisture, light, and heat. Once the bottle has been opened, the tablets may lose potency and effectiveness over time. Therefore, it is recommended to discard the tablets after 6 months of opening the bottle.

Question 9

Diuretics and ACE inhibitors are used in the treatment of congestive heart failure.

Accepted Answer

Both diuretics and ACE inhibitors are commonly used in the treatment of congestive heart failure. Diuretics help reduce fluid buildup in the body, while ACE inhibitors help relax blood vessels and decrease the workload on the heart.

Question 10

Nitroglycerin preparations may be used prophylactically before any anticipated exertion.

Accepted Answer

Nitroglycerin preparations can be used prophylactically before any anticipated exertion to prevent angina attacks.

Question 11

One of the main roles of an allied health professional in caring for patients with cardiovascular disease is to take an adequate health history to ensure that the patient is complying with the medications ordered.

Accepted Answer

Taking an adequate health history is crucial for allied health professionals in managing patients with cardiovascular disease, as it helps in assessing medication compliance, understanding patient's health behavior, and identifying potential risk factors or issues that need to be addressed to optimize care.

Question 12

Match the following terms with their descriptions below.
-Insufficient blood flow to the heart with resulting spasm of the cardiac muscle causing chest pain

Accepted Answer

Angina pectoris is the term used to describe insufficient blood flow to the heart with resulting spasm of the cardiac muscle causing chest pain.

Question 13

Vasodilators are effective to relax or dilate only veins throughout the body.

Accepted Answer

Vasodilators are effective in relaxing or dilating both arteries and veins throughout the body.

Question 14

Transdermal nitroglycerin patches may be applied at any site on the body with no regard to hair.

Accepted Answer

Transdermal nitroglycerin patches should be applied to a clean, dry, hairless area of skin to ensure proper adhesion and absorption. Areas with hair can hinder the patch's ability to stick properly and may reduce the effectiveness of the medication.

Question 15

The overall goal of treating congestive heart failure is to correct the underlying cause and to gain patient compliance.

Accepted Answer

The overall goal of treating congestive heart failure is indeed to correct the underlying cause (such as hypertension or coronary artery disease) and to gain patient compliance with medication and lifestyle changes such as diet and exercise. This can help to manage symptoms and prevent complications, as well as prolong life expectancy for patients with this chronic condition.

Question 16

In taking digitalis preparations, pulse rate should be above 60 and below 90.

Accepted Answer

This is true because digitalis preparations can decrease pulse rate, and if the pulse rate is already too low (below 60), it can cause severe bradycardia and other adverse effects. On the other hand, if the pulse rate is too fast (above 90), it may indicate a different underlying condition that requires evaluation and treatment. Therefore, a pulse rate between 60 and 90 is considered safe for prescribing digitalis medications.

Question 17

Nitrates dilate systemic vessels to decrease the force of venous return (preload) and to decrease the arterial pressure the left ventricle must overcome to eject blood (afterload).

Accepted Answer

Nitrates work by relaxing smooth muscle cells in the blood vessels, causing vasodilation and reducing both preload and afterload.

Question 18

Many of the antihypertensive medications are a combination of one of the classes of antihypertensives and a diuretic.

Accepted Answer

This statement is true. Many antihypertensive medications are a combination of a class of antihypertensive (such as an ACE inhibitor or a beta blocker) and a diuretic, as this combination can be more effective in reducing blood pressure than either medication alone.

Question 19

Nitrates are available in rapid onset to long-acting types.

Accepted Answer

Nitrates are available in various forms with varying onset and duration of action, including rapid-acting forms such as sublingual tablets and long-acting forms such as transdermal patches. Therefore, the statement is true.

Question 20

Match the following terms with their descriptions below.
-Thickening of arteriole walls, causing loss of elasticity and ability to contract

Accepted Answer

Arteriosclerosis is the thickening of arteriole walls, causing loss of elasticity and ability to contract.

Quiz 26: Circulatory System and Blood Disorders