Question 1

Describe Sternberg's triangular theory of love.

Accepted Answer

The answer of Describe Sternberg's triangular theory of love....

Question 2

In situations where group members must pool their efforts to achieve a goal, it is not uncommon for one or more group members to be free riders. This"free rider" effect is known as

Accepted Answer

Social loafing refers to group members who contribute less to the group's efforts than others, relying on their teammates to do the work. This is commonly known as free riding. Groupthink refers to the phenomenon where group members prioritize group cohesion and harmony over thinking critically and making the best decision. Social facilitation is the tendency for an individual's performance to improve in the presence of others. Group polarization is the tendency for group discussion to influence individuals to adopt more extreme positions than they held before.

Question 3

Which of the following is FALSE about groups?

Accepted Answer

While group members may share common beliefs or values, they do not necessarily share a common philosophy. Philosophy refers to an overall system of beliefs, while a group may have a shared purpose or goal without having a comprehensive philosophy.

Question 4

All of the following are characteristics of a group suffering from the symptoms of groupthink EXCEPT

Accepted Answer

Appraisal of alternate courses of action is not a characteristic of a group suffering from the symptoms of groupthink. Instead, groupthink often leads to a lack of consideration of alternative options and a belief that the group's initial decision is the best course of action. The other three choices, high group cohesiveness, illusion of invulnerability, and directive leader, are all commonly associated with groupthink.

Question 5

According to Freud, love is a(n) __________ sexual energy in which sexual desire is transformed into a socially acceptable form.

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The answer of According to Freud, love is a(n) __________...

Question 6

Which type of task results in a group being only as productive as its weakest member?

Accepted Answer

Conjunctive tasks are those in which the group's performance is dependent on the performance of the weakest link or member. This is because every member's contribution is critical to the completion of the task, and if one member underperforms, it affects the entire group's outcome.

Question 7

What theory of aggression suggests that we use aggression as a cue to "push harder" to achieve some goal?

Accepted Answer

The answer of What theory of aggression suggests that we...

Question 8

The failure of American naval leaders to recognize the threat from the Japanese military in the days leading up to Pearl Harbor would most likely have been the result of

Accepted Answer

Groupthink is the tendency for members of a group to conform to the group's norms and reach a consensus, which can lead to poor decision-making because of a lack of critical thinking and consideration of alternative viewpoints. In the case of American naval leaders before Pearl Harbor, there was a culture of overconfidence and a belief that the Japanese military would not attack the United States directly, which likely contributed to the groupthink phenomena.

Question 9

What key factor(s) is/are involved in liking someone?

Accepted Answer

All three factors - similarity, proximity, and self-disclosure - play a significant role in liking someone. People tend to like those who are similar to them in interests, values, and attitudes. Proximity, or simply being physically close to someone, can increase the likelihood of liking them. Self-disclosure - sharing personal information and feelings - can also build a sense of intimacy and liking between individuals. Therefore, all of these factors are important in developing liking towards someone.

Question 10

Describe the differences in the types of aggression exhibited by males and females.

Accepted Answer

The answer of Describe the differences in the types of...

Question 11

A shared humorous experience is a powerful means to forge closeness with a stranger.

Accepted Answer

Sharing a humorous experience allows two people to bond over something positive and enjoyable, creating a feeling of closeness and connection. Laughter is a universal language and can help break down barriers between strangers.

Question 12

Which of the following is the best example of a situation that would result in social facilitation?

Accepted Answer

Social facilitation occurs when the presence of others enhances an individual's performance on a task they are already skilled at or familiar with. Group of volunteers picking up garbage in a public park is a situation where individuals are likely to be skilled at and familiar with the task, and the presence of others can provide motivation and encouragement to perform better. The other options involve tasks that may not necessarily benefit from the presence of others or may have more complex dynamics at play.

Question 13

The case of Kitty Genovese in New York City is an illustration of what effect?

Accepted Answer

The case of Kitty Genovese is a classic example of bystander apathy, where individuals fail to intervene in an emergency situation due to the presence of others.

Question 14

Name the 3 elements of love popularized by Rubin.

Accepted Answer

The answer of Name the 3 elements of love popularized...

Question 15

Jeremy is part of a group that is putting together a presentation. He is frustrated because one of the group members is not contributing as much as everyone else. Jeremy has run into a problem that is typical of ______ tasks.

Accepted Answer

In conjunctive tasks, the group's performance is determined by the weakest member, so if one member is not contributing, it affects the entire group's outcome.

Question 16

A group of anti-logging activists meet to discuss the problem of deforestation. As a result of discussion of their next strategy, they are likely to devise a plan that is _________ than the original beliefs of the individual members.

Accepted Answer

When a group of people with different perspectives and beliefs discuss a problem, they tend to take a more balanced approach that includes ideas from all participants. As a result, the group's plan is often a mix of more conservative and more daring elements, making it more moderate in general. So, the group's plan is likely to be either more risky or more conservative than the original individual members' beliefs, depending on the balance of ideas within the group.

Question 17

Which of the following would be an example of an additive task?

Accepted Answer

An additive task is one where the contributions of each group member are added together to determine the group's performance. Canvassing door-to-door for a charity is an additive task because the more people participate, the more doors are knocked on, and the greater the overall contribution to the charity.

Question 18

In emergency situations, help is most likely to occur when a large number of people are present.

Accepted Answer

While it may seem logical that more people present would increase the likelihood of someone being able to help in an emergency, research has shown that the opposite is often true. In a phenomenon called the "bystander effect," the presence of a large group of people can actually decrease the likelihood of anyone taking action to help, as individuals assume someone else will step in or feel less personally responsible for intervening. It is important to be prepared for emergencies and know how to take action yourself, rather than relying solely on the presence of others.

Question 19

When the presence of others improves our performance, it is called

Accepted Answer

When the presence of others improves our performance, it is known as social facilitation. This occurs when an individual's performance improves as a result of the presence of others.

Question 20

When others are present, we may feel that we do not bear the burden of responsibility to act. This is known as diffusion of __________.

Accepted Answer

The answer of When others are present, we may feel...

Quiz 14: Social Psychology