Question 1

The human tongue is covered with bumps called __________.

Accepted Answer

The answer of The human tongue is covered with bumps...

Question 2

All sensory systems send information through the thalamus.

Accepted Answer

Not all sensory systems send information through the thalamus; the olfactory (smell) system sends information directly to the olfactory bulb and then to the cortex without passing through the thalamus.

Question 3

Studies have shown that the piriform cortex is changeable in adulthood.

Accepted Answer

Studies have shown that the piriform cortex, which is important for processing smell information, is one of the few brain regions that remains changeable in adulthood. This means that it has the ability to adapt and reorganize in response to new sensory experiences and learning.

Question 4

Which structure serves as a relay station for incoming sensory information to the cerebral cortex?

Accepted Answer

The thalamus is a structure located in the brain that serves as the main relay station for incoming sensory information to be processed and sent on to the cerebral cortex for further analysis and interpretation. The hippocampus is primarily involved in memory consolidation, the amygdala is involved in emotional processing, and the insula is involved in bodily sensations and awareness.

Question 5

The olfactory bulb sends information to the __________, an area important for learning and memory.

Accepted Answer

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Question 6

Why may a person develop the disorder of ageusia, the loss of the ability to taste?

Accepted Answer

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Question 7

What structure that is activated by the olfactory bulb is associated with regulation of emotions and fear?

Accepted Answer

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Question 8

People who have lost the ability to smell have a disorder known as __________.

Accepted Answer

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Question 9

Why are taste and smell referred to as chemical senses?

Accepted Answer

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Question 10

Identify an age-related disease that produces a diminished sense of smell. What does this relationship between disease and smell indicate about brain structures?

Accepted Answer

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Question 11

The sense receptors for olfaction are located on hair-like structures called ______. They convert odorants into neural impulses, an example of a process termed _______.

Accepted Answer

The sense receptors for olfaction are located on cilia, not papillae. These cilia convert odorants into neural impulses through transduction, which is the process of converting stimulus energy into neural impulses that can be interpreted by the brain.

Question 12

How is the consistency of food communicated to the brain?

Accepted Answer

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Question 13

"Hot" or spicy foods activate what component of the tongue that communicates pain?

Accepted Answer

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Question 14

Olfaction is to gustation as _______ is to _______.

Accepted Answer

Olfaction refers to the sense of smell, while gustation refers to the sense of taste.

Question 15

Many people report that smells are evocative of past events. What 2 structures in the brain may be activated during these olfactory "trips down memory lane"?

Accepted Answer

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Question 16

What sense is most closely tied to taste?

Accepted Answer

The answer of What sense is most closely tied to...

Question 17

Sweet/sour is the taste associated with monosodium glutamate.

Accepted Answer

Sweet/sour is not the taste associated with monosodium glutamate. Umami, which is a savory taste, is the taste associated with monosodium glutamate.

Question 18

The method used by odorants to enter the nose and bind to specific receptor sites is similar to the method used by neurotransmitters binding to receptors sites on receiving neurons. Both bind in a(n) __________ fashion.

Accepted Answer

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Question 19

Approximately how many taste receptors are on each taste bud?

Accepted Answer

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Question 20

When olfactory information reaches the olfactory nerve, it travels to which organ located beneath the frontal lobes?

Accepted Answer

After olfactory information reaches the olfactory nerve, it reaches the olfactory bulb, which is located beneath the frontal lobes. The olfactory bulb then processes the information and sends it to higher brain regions such as the piriform cortex and amygdala.

Quiz 5: Sensation and Perception