Question 1

Which statement about mouse embryonic stem cells is false?

Accepted Answer

The statement that mouse embryonic stem cells never differentiate into specialized cells is false. Embryonic stem cells have the ability to differentiate into all cell types of the body, making them a valuable tool in research and regenerative medicine.

Question 2

Which statement about microarrays is false?

Accepted Answer

The technique of microarrays does not rely upon cDNA hybridizing with DNA ligase. Instead, it uses fluorescence or colorimetric signals to indicate the presence and abundance of specific nucleic acid sequences.

Question 3

Which of the following would be most appropriate for inhibiting transcription of a specific gene?

Accepted Answer

The answer of Which of the following would be most...

Question 4

Which statement about genomic and cDNA libraries is true?

Accepted Answer

The answer of Which statement about genomic and cDNA libraries...

Question 5

What is the major difference between green fluorescent protein and an antibiotic resistance gene in terms of their usefulness as a reporter gene?

Accepted Answer

Antibiotic resistance genes are useful as reporter genes because they allow for selection of transformed cells that have incorporated the gene. However, this process involves killing non-transformed cells that are sensitive to the antibiotic. In contrast, the green fluorescent protein allows for selection of transformed cells by fluorescent microscopy, without the need for killing non-transformed cells.

Question 6

Which statement about RNAi technology is false?

Accepted Answer

RNAi technology can be used to block gene expression not only in cell lines but also in living organisms, including humans. This statement is false.

Question 7

Which research technique necessarily makes use of reverse transcriptase?

Accepted Answer

Construction of a cDNA library involves the use of reverse transcriptase to create complementary DNA (cDNA) from messenger RNA (mRNA). Reverse transcriptase is an enzyme that can produce a DNA strand from an RNA template, which is necessary for creating a cDNA library. The other options may not require the use of reverse transcriptase or may use it in a limited capacity.

Question 8

A plasmid genomic library and a phage genomic library are constructed from the same genetic material.Which statement is true?

Accepted Answer

The answer of A plasmid genomic library and a phage...

Question 9

The use of _______ allows researchers to examine the patterns of gene expression for a large number of genes simultaneously.

Accepted Answer

DNA microarray technology allows for the analysis of gene expression for multiple genes at once by examining the amount of mRNA present in a sample. This technology involves the use of a slide or chip with thousands of tiny spots, each containing a different probe that can hybridize with a specific mRNA molecule. The intensity of the fluorescent signal on each spot indicates the amount of mRNA present, giving researchers a snapshot of gene expression levels in the sample.

Question 10

Which process is used by researchers to inhibit translation of specific genes?

Accepted Answer

Antisense RNA is a process where synthetic RNA molecules complementary to the mRNA of a specific gene are introduced. These molecules bind to the mRNA and inhibit translation, ultimately reducing the expression of the gene. Targeted mutation, DNA microarrays, homologous recombination, and transformation do not necessarily involve inhibiting translation of specific genes.

Question 11

A researcher inserts a DNA segment at the BamHI recognition site within a plasmid;this site is located within the tetracycline resistance gene.This plasmid also has a gene for ampicillin resistance.Following DNA transformation,the researcher must differentiate the bacteria that have taken up the recombinant DNA from those that have taken up either the DNA segment only or have taken up intact plasmids.In order to do so,the researcher should select the bacteria that

Accepted Answer

The BamHI recognition site is located within the tetracycline resistance gene. So, if the DNA segment is inserted at this site, the tetracycline resistance gene will be disrupted, and the bacteria will become sensitive to tetracycline. However, the ampicillin resistance gene will not be affected, and the bacteria will still be resistant to ampicillin. Therefore, the researcher should select the bacteria that will grow on ampicillin but are sensitive to tetracycline.

Question 12

The DNA from the genome of an organism is chopped into numerous fragments,which then are inserted into vectors that are taken up by host cells.The genetic information that is present in the resulting colonies is called a genomic

Accepted Answer

The process described is that of creating a genomic library, where the DNA fragments are inserted into vectors and taken up by host cells to create colonies containing different fragments of the genome. Therefore, the correct choice is B - library. The other options (collection, museum, bank, and farm) do not accurately describe the process of creating a genomic library.

Question 13

What does the "c" in "cDNA library" stand for?

Accepted Answer

The "c" in "cDNA library" stands for complementary, referring to the fact that cDNA is made through reverse transcription using RNA as a template, resulting in a complementary DNA strand.

Question 14

Variation at a specific gene is known to affect metabolism in mice,but it is not clear which of the nucleotides are responsible for the changes.In addition to recombinant DNA technology,which technique would be most relevant for revealing which of the nucleotides affect metabolism?

Accepted Answer

The answer of Variation at a specific gene is known...

Question 15

Which technique is most likely to make use of reverse transcriptase?

Accepted Answer

The use of reverse transcriptase is a key component in the production of cDNA (complimentary DNA) from RNA samples in order to perform analysis on a cDNA microarray. The other techniques listed do not typically involve the use of reverse transcriptase.

Question 16

Which process would make use of homologous recombination?

Accepted Answer

Homologous recombination is a mechanism where two different DNA molecules exchange genetic information. It is often used in genetic engineering to inactivate specific genes by replacing them with non-functional copies or to introduce specific mutations.

Question 17

Use the following to answer questions :
A plasmid has genes that confer resistance to both ampicillin and tetracycline.Foreign DNA is inserted at a restriction enzyme recognition site that lies within the ampicillin gene.
-After host cells have been given the opportunity to take up the plasmid,which type of cells should be the rarest?

Accepted Answer

Since the foreign DNA is inserted within the ampicillin gene, bacteria with the recombinant plasmid will not be resistant to ampicillin. Therefore, they will be killed off by ampicillin during selection, making them the rarest type of cells. All other types of cells should appear with approximately the same frequency.

Question 18

Use the following to answer questions :
A plasmid has genes that confer resistance to both ampicillin and tetracycline.Foreign DNA is inserted at a restriction enzyme recognition site that lies within the ampicillin gene.
-A cell transformed with the resulting recombinant plasmid should be _______ to ampicillin and _______ to tetracycline.

Accepted Answer

The answer of Use the following to answer questions :
A...

Question 19

Why is the use of siRNA preferred to miRNA as a means for blocking translation of a specific mRNA?

Accepted Answer

siRNA is designed to be perfectly complementary to the target mRNA, leading to a highly specific binding and blocking of translation. In contrast, miRNA only base-pairs with partial complementarity to the target mRNA, and can potentially affect the translation of multiple mRNAs.

Question 20

The synthesis of oligonucleotides is most directly useful for

Accepted Answer

Oligonucleotides are short strands of nucleotides that can be synthesized chemically. These synthetic oligonucleotides are most commonly used as primers for the polymerase chain reaction (PCR), a technique routinely used in molecular biology to amplify DNA.

Quiz 13: Biotechnology