Question 1

When put in a foul-smelling rather than a pleasant-smelling room,members of a jury perceived immoral acts such as stealing as more disgusting.This best illustrates the importance of

Accepted Answer

This scenario exemplifies embodied cognition, which suggests that bodily sensations and experiences can influence cognitive processes, including judgments and decision making. The foul smell in the room influenced the jurors' perception of the immoral act as more disgusting, demonstrating the impact of sensory experiences on cognition. Dissociation refers to a detachment from one's thoughts, emotions, or identity, and is not relevant in this context. The McGurk effect involves the integration of auditory and visual stimuli in speech perception, and is not applicable to this scenario. Synesthesia refers to the cross-sensory experiences, such as perceiving colors in response to hearing music, and is not relevant in this context.

Question 2

Margo insists that her dreams frequently enable her to perceive and predict future events.Margo is claiming to possess the power of

Accepted Answer

Margo is claiming to have the ability to perceive and predict future events, which is known as precognition. This is different from telepathy, which is the ability to read minds, and psychokinesis, which is the ability to move objects with one's mind. Clairvoyance is a more general term that can encompass precognition, but since Margo specifically mentions perceiving and predicting future events, precognition is a more precise description of the ability she is claiming to possess.

Question 3

The existence of convincing scientific evidence that ESP is possible would pose the greatest challenge to the

Accepted Answer

The contemporary scientific understanding of human nature is based on established principles of physics, chemistry, and biology that do not account for the possibility of extrasensory perception. If ESP were proven to be possible through convincing scientific evidence, this would challenge the existing scientific framework and require a new understanding of human nature.

Question 4

The extrasensory ability to perceive an automobile accident taking place in a distant location is to ________ as the extrasensory ability to know at any moment exactly what your best friend is thinking is to ________.

Accepted Answer

The first blank refers to the ability to perceive an event happening at a distant location, which is clairvoyance. The second blank refers to knowing what someone else is thinking, which is telepathy.

Question 5

When holding a soft ball,American students become more likely to categorize a face as a Democrat rather than a Republican.This best illustrates

Accepted Answer

The answer of When holding a soft ball,American students become...

Question 6

Mr.Logwood's eyewitness perceptions of a car accident were influenced by his inborn ways of organizing sensory experiences,his learned schemas,and by other eyewitnesses' reactions to the car accident.An integrated understanding of Mr.Logwood's perceptions of the accident is most clearly provided by

Accepted Answer

The biopsychosocial approach takes into account biological, psychological, and social factors that influence a person's perceptions and experiences. In Mr.Logwood's case, his inborn ways of organizing sensory experiences (biological), his learned schemas (psychological), and the reactions of other eyewitnesses (social) all contribute to his perception of the car accident. Therefore, the biopsychosocial approach best explains Mr.Logwood's perceptions of the accident.

Question 7

Jamal claims that his special psychic powers enable him to perceive exactly where the body of a recent murder victim is secretly buried.Jamal is claiming to possess the power of

Accepted Answer

Jamal is claiming to have the ability to perceive hidden information, specifically the location of a buried body. This falls under the category of clairvoyance, which involves perceiving information without the use of the normal senses. Psychokinesis involves manipulating objects with the mind, precognition involves predicting future events, and telepathy involves reading others' thoughts.

Question 8

Parapsychology refers to the

Accepted Answer

Parapsychology specifically focuses on the study of paranormal phenomena such as ESP (extrasensory perception) and psychokinesis (the ability to move objects with the power of the mind). The other options (B, C, D) are not within the scope of parapsychology.

Question 9

Telepathy refers to the

Accepted Answer

Telepathy specifically refers to the transmission of thoughts from one mind to another without any apparent physical communication. Option B refers to remote viewing, option C refers to precognition, and option D refers to empathy.

Question 10

The interconnection of brain circuits that process sensory experiences with brain circuits responsible for abstract thinking contributes to what psychologists call

Accepted Answer

Embodied cognition is the idea that our cognition is grounded in our bodily experiences, including sensory experiences. The interconnection of brain circuits responsible for processing sensory experiences with circuits responsible for abstract thinking is a key component of embodied cognition. The other choices (parapsychology, precognition, and kinesthesia) are not related to this concept.

Question 11

If hikers perceive a hill as steeper when carrying heavy backpacks rather than light backpacks,this would best illustrate

Accepted Answer

Embodied cognition suggests that our perception, thoughts, and actions are closely linked to our physical experiences. In this case, the physical experience of carrying a heavy backpack may lead to a perception that the hill is steeper, demonstrating the embodiment of cognition. The other answer choices do not apply to this scenario.

Question 12

After holding a warm drink rather than a cold one,people are more likely to rate others more warmly.This best illustrates

Accepted Answer

The described phenomenon, where physical sensations influence social judgements, is an example of embodied cognition.

Question 13

For some people,hearing certain sounds may activate color-sensitive regions of the cortex so as to trigger a sensation of color.This phenomenon is called

Accepted Answer

Synesthesia is a neurological condition where stimulation of one sensory or cognitive pathway leads to automatic, involuntary experiences in a second sensory or cognitive pathway. In this case, hearing a sound can lead to the perception of a color, even though there is no physical stimulus that is actually providing visual information. Tinnitus (A) is a condition of hearing ringing or buzzing in the ears. Telepathy (B) refers to the ability to communicate thoughts or ideas without using sensory signals. Kinesthesia (D) is the sense of the position and movement of body parts, which is related to the proprioceptive system.

Question 14

Psychics' suggestions that perception can occur apart from sensory input involve claims for the existence of

Accepted Answer

Psychic suggestions about perception occurring without sensory input refer to the concept of extrasensory perception (ESP) which involves the ability to perceive information through means other than the typical five senses. The other options do not directly relate to this concept.

Question 15

The greatest difficulty facing contemporary parapsychology is the

Accepted Answer

Parapsychology studies paranormal phenomena such as ESP, psychokinesis, and precognition, but the most significant challenge it faces is that there is no reproducible ESP phenomenon. This means that parapsychologists cannot conduct experiments with consistent and reliable results that support the existence of ESP. While some studies have shown evidence of ESP, the results are not consistent, and many scientists remain skeptical.

Question 16

Andre claims that he can make a broken watch begin to run again simply by entering a state of intense mental concentration.Andre is claiming to possess the power of

Accepted Answer

Psychokinesis refers to the alleged ability to move or manipulate objects with one's mind, which would include the ability to repair a broken watch by mental concentration. Precognition refers to the ability to perceive events in the future, telepathy refers to the ability to communicate mentally with others, and clairvoyance refers to the ability to perceive distant or hidden objects or information.

Question 17

The influence of our physical gestures on our psychological preferences is said to be an indication of

Accepted Answer

The influence of physical gestures on psychological preferences is a concept related to embodied cognition, which suggests that the body and its actions shape our thinking, emotions, and perception. This theory emphasizes the interconnection between the body and the mind, suggesting that the way we move or use our body affects our mental processes, such as decision-making or memory retrieval. Therefore, option A is the best choice. Dissociation (B) refers to a disconnection between different aspects of consciousness, and psychokinesis (C) refers to the alleged ability to move objects through mental power. Phantom limb sensations (D) refer to the feeling of a missing limb after its amputation.

Question 18

You are the president of a corporation that owns several large department stores.A board member has a plan for preventing shoplifting: In each store,play musical soundtracks containing subliminal verbal messages such as "don't steal" and "shoplifting is a crime." Carefully discuss your reasons for supporting or rejecting this proposal to engage in subliminal persuasion.

Accepted Answer

The answer of You are the president of a corporation...

Question 19

Psychics who have worked with police departments in an effort to solve difficult crimes have demonstrated the value of

Accepted Answer

There is no scientific evidence to support the idea that psychics possess abilities such as clairvoyance, telepathy or precognition. Therefore, any contributions they may have made to solving crimes are likely a result of chance or coincidence rather than their supposed psychic abilities. Police departments do not rely on psychics as a legitimate source of evidence or investigative assistance.

Question 20

When sounds were accompanied by a puff of air on people's neck or hands,they more often misheard more airless sounds such as ba or da as pa or ta.This best illustrates

Accepted Answer

The phenomenon described in the question is an example of sensory interaction, where the presence of one sensory experience (the puff of air) influences the perception of another sensory experience (the sound). This is not synesthesia (where the stimulation of one sense leads to automatic experiences in another sense), psychokinesis (the alleged ability to move objects with the mind), or kinesthesia (the sense of movement and position of the body's limbs and muscles).

Quiz 7: Sensation and Perception