Question 1

In addition to an overall intelligence score,the WAIS provides separate scores for such skills as

Accepted Answer

The WAIS provides separate scores for skills such as working memory, which refers to the ability to hold and manipulate information in the mind over short periods of time. This is a specific cognitive skill that is distinct from overall intelligence or reasoning ability. The WAIS does not provide separate scores for reasoning aptitude, creative thinking, or vocational fitness.

Question 2

A measure of intelligence based on head size is likely to have a ________ level of reliability and a ________ level of validity.

Accepted Answer

The answer of A measure of intelligence based on head...

Question 3

An increase in average intelligence test performance during the past decade would best illustrate why intelligence testing requires up-to-date

Accepted Answer

An increase in average intelligence test performance suggests that the standardization of the test may be outdated and in need of being updated to accurately reflect the current population's abilities. This highlights the importance of using the most up-to-date standardization when administering intelligence tests.

Question 4

Melinda completed the Computer Programming Aptitude Test when she applied for a position with Beta Electronics.Six months later,she took the same test when she applied for a position with another company.The fact that her scores were almost identical on the two occasions suggests that the test has a high degree of

Accepted Answer

The fact that Melinda's scores on the two occasions were almost identical suggests that the test has a high degree of reliability, meaning it produces consistent results. Content validity refers to whether the test measures what it claims to measure; predictive validity refers to whether the test accurately predicts performance on a related task, and standardization refers to the process of ensuring that the test is administered and scored consistently across different test-takers and test administrations.

Question 5

In the early twentieth century,the U.S.government developed intelligence tests to evaluate newly arriving immigrants.Poor test scores among immigrants who were not of Anglo-Saxon heritage were attributed by some psychologists of that day to

Accepted Answer

At that time, some psychologists believed in the concept of innate mental inferiority, which led them to attribute poor test scores among immigrants who were not of Anglo-Saxon heritage to their supposed biological inferiority. This belief is now widely discredited.

Question 6

The distribution of intelligence test scores in the general population forms a bell-shaped pattern.This pattern is called

Accepted Answer

The bell-shaped pattern that is formed by the distribution of intelligence test scores is called a normal curve.

Question 7

If a test is standardized,this means that

Accepted Answer

Standardized tests are designed to be administered and scored in a consistent, standardized manner. This allows for a person's test performance to be compared with that of a representative pretested group, which is known as norm-referenced scoring. This helps to ensure that the test accurately measures what it is intended to measure and that scores are reliable and consistent across different test administrations. Option A is also true, but B is the best choice as it directly relates to the concept of standardization. Option C is not necessarily true for all standardized tests, and option D is a characteristic of reliability but not necessarily standardization.

Question 8

Block design puzzles are used in one of the subtests of the

Accepted Answer

Block design puzzles are used as a subtest in the Wechsler Adult Intelligence Scale (WAIS) to measure visual-spatial abilities and problem-solving skills. It is not used in the SAT Reasoning Test, Stanford-Binet, or GRE.

Question 9

The WAIS was initially created by

Accepted Answer

The WAIS (Wechsler Adult Intelligence Scale) was initially created by David Wechsler.

Question 10

Researchers assess the correlation between scores obtained on two halves of a single test in order to measure the ________ of a test.

Accepted Answer

The correlation between scores obtained on two halves of a single test measures the consistency or reliability of the test. Validity, on the other hand, refers to whether the test measures what it is supposed to measure. Standardization refers to the process of making test scores comparable to a standardized scoring system. Normal distribution is a statistical concept that refers to a bell-shaped curve of data distribution.

Question 11

It would be reasonable to suggest that the Flynn effect is due in part to

Accepted Answer

The Flynn effect refers to the increase in average intelligence test scores over time. One explanation for this effect is that improvements in childhood health, such as better nutrition and medical care, have led to improved cognitive functioning. Studies have found that improved health factors, such as decreased rates of childhood malnutrition and disease, have a significant positive correlation with cognitive performance. Therefore, option B is the best choice. The other options do not have empirical support for explaining the Flynn effect.

Question 12

The normal curve would represent the distribution of

Accepted Answer

The normal curve is used to represent the distribution of data that is continuous and symmetrical, such as height. Therefore, the best choice is C, which refers to the distribution of American women's physical heights. The other choices do not necessarily exhibit a symmetrical distribution or data that is continuous.

Question 13

When Brandon was told that he correctly answered 80 percent of the items on a math achievement test,he asked how his performance compared with that of the average test-taker.Brandon's concern was directly related to the issue of

Accepted Answer

Brandon's concern about comparing his performance with that of the average test-taker indicates his awareness of the need for standardization in measuring academic achievement. Standardization ensures that all test-takers are given the same instructions, time limits, and test conditions, and that their scores are interpreted in relation to a norm group (i.e. the average performance of other test-takers). Therefore, the issue of standardization is the most relevant to Brandon's question. The other options are not directly related to his concern, as predictive validity refers to the ability of a test to forecast future performance, reliability refers to the consistency of scores over time, and content validity refers to the extent to which a test measures the intended content.

Question 14

About ________ percent of WAIS scores fall between 85 and 115.

Accepted Answer

The WAIS (Wechsler Adult Intelligence Scale) is a standardized intelligence test used to measure cognitive ability in adults. The scores on this test are normally distributed, meaning that scores cluster around the middle of the distribution and taper off towards the extremes. In a normal distribution, approximately 68% of scores fall within one standard deviation of the mean, which is represented by scores between 85 and 115 on the WAIS. Therefore, the answer is C) 68.

Question 15

If a test yields consistent results every time it is used,it has a high degree of

Accepted Answer

A test that yields consistent results every time it is used has a high degree of reliability, which means that it is consistent and dependable in measuring what it is intended to measure. Standardization refers to the process of administering a test in a consistent manner to ensure that everyone taking the test receives the same instructions and conditions. Predictive validity refers to the extent to which a test can accurately predict future outcomes, such as academic or job performance. Content validity refers to the extent to which a test measures the specific content or domain it is intended to measure. While these other factors are important for evaluating the overall quality of a test, consistency is the key indicator of reliability.

Question 16

The test Vincente is taking includes questions such as "In what way are brass and steel alike?" Vincente is taking the

Accepted Answer

The WAIS (Wechsler Adult Intelligence Scale) includes questions that assess similarities, which is a type of question that would ask how two things are alike, such as brass and steel. This type of question is designed to evaluate abstract thinking and reasoning abilities.

Question 17

Comparing the average performance of the initial WAIS standardization sample with the average performance of the most recent WAIS standardization sample provides convincing evidence of

Accepted Answer

The comparison between the average performance of the initial WAIS standardization sample and the most recent one is a way to measure the Flynn effect, which is the phenomenon of IQ scores increasing over time due to environmental factors such as improved education and nutrition. Eugenics (A) is the belief in improving the human race through selective breeding, which is not related to the comparison of WAIS standardization samples. The general intelligence (B) is a theoretical construct used to explain individual differences in cognitive abilities, but it is not directly related to the comparison of WAIS standardization samples. Test reliability (D) refers to the consistency of test scores over time or across different administrations of the same test, which is not specifically tested by comparing WAIS standardization samples.

Question 18

Piper is taking an intelligence test that provides a single score,while Taylor is taking a test that has separate scores for four different categories of questions.Piper's test is the ________,and Taylor's is the ________.

Accepted Answer

The Stanford-Binet test provides a single score that reflects an individual's general intelligence level, while the WAIS (Wechsler Adult Intelligence Scale) offers separate scores for different categories of cognitive abilities.

Question 19

Tyree is listening to a speaker on campus who proclaims that "the government should use intelligence scores to identify those who should and should not reproduce in order to benefit mankind." This speaker is advocating

Accepted Answer

The speaker is advocating eugenics, which is the belief in improving the genetic quality of the human population through selective breeding or other measures. The use of intelligence scores to determine who should and should not reproduce is a clear example of eugenics.

Question 20

The eugenics movement would have been most likely to encourage

Accepted Answer

The eugenics movement believed in the improvement of the human race through selective breeding of individuals with desirable traits, such as intelligence. Therefore, they would have encouraged selective breeding of highly intelligent people.

Quiz 11: Intelligence