Question 1

Which research method in psychology is exemplified by the study of Phineas Gage's thought patterns and behavior following his brain injury?

Accepted Answer

The study of Phineas Gage's thought patterns and behavior following his brain injury is an example of a case study research method, in which a single individual is closely studied in depth to gain insight into psychological processes, social behavior, etc.

Question 2

Anterior to the parietal lobe is the frontal lobe; beneath it is the _____ lobe.

Accepted Answer

The temporal lobe is located beneath the parietal lobe, while the occipital lobe is located at the back of the brain and the dorsal aspect refers to the top surface. The term "posterior" is not specific enough to accurately describe the location of the lobe beneath the parietal lobe.

Question 3

Research cited in the text found an association between number of Facebook friends and the density of the gray matter in a brain area important to social interaction.This association is MOST likely a(n)_____ correlation.

Accepted Answer

The text states that there is an association between number of Facebook friends and the density of gray matter, and it is likely a positive correlation since the more Facebook friends a person has, the larger the brain area important to social interaction.

Question 4

Auditory cortex is to the _____ lobe as _____ cortex is to the occipital lobe.

Accepted Answer

The auditory cortex is located in the temporal lobe, so the correct pairing is temporal lobe with auditory cortex. Meanwhile, the cortex responsible for processing visual information is located in the occipital lobe. Therefore, the correct pairing for this is occipital lobe with visual cortex.

Question 5

Which lobe is correctly matched with its cortical area?

Accepted Answer

The temporal lobe is responsible for auditory processing and contains the auditory cortex. The frontal lobe is responsible for higher level thinking and decision making, and contains the prefrontal cortex. The occipital lobe is responsible for visual processing and contains the visual cortex. The parietal lobe is responsible for processing sensory information and contains the somatosensory cortex.

Question 6

Which sequence correctly identifies and orders the lobes of the cortex,from anterior to posterior?

Accepted Answer

The correct order of the lobes of the cortex, from anterior to posterior, is frontal, temporal and parietal, and occipital. This is represented in choice D.

Question 7

Rory,who has been diagnosed with ADHD,is often impulsive,is prone to emotional outbursts,and has difficulty making plans and carrying them out.According to the textbook,_____ lobe deficits may play a role in Rory's ADHD.

Accepted Answer

The frontal lobes are responsible for planning, impulse control, and emotional regulation, among other things. Deficits in the frontal lobes have been linked to ADHD symptoms, including impulsivity, emotional dysregulation, and difficulty with planning and organizing tasks.

Question 8

The brain injury suffered by 19th-century railroad worker Phineas Gage allowed psychologists to learn about the functions of the brain's:

Accepted Answer

Phineas Gage's injury involved damage to his frontal lobe, specifically the prefrontal cortex. This allowed psychologists to learn about the role of this area of the brain in decision-making, impulse control, and social behavior.

Question 9

In a neurophysiological investigation,a monkey makes an involuntary gesture when a portion of its brain is electrically stimulated.The area of the brain that was MOST likely stimulated is the _____ portion of the _____ lobe.

Accepted Answer

The answer of In a neurophysiological investigation,a monkey makes an...

Question 10

There is a _____ correlation between the touch sensitivity of a body part and the amount of somatosensory cortex devoted to that part.

Accepted Answer

A positive correlation means that as one variable increases, so does the other. In this case, as the touch sensitivity of a body part increases, so does the amount of somatosensory cortex devoted to that part, which is consistent with research findings.

Question 11

The ______ appears to support some aspects of personality development.

Accepted Answer

The frontal lobe is involved in higher order cognitive processes such as decision making, goal setting, and planning, which are important for shaping personality. Research has shown that the thickness of the frontal cortex is positively associated with extraversion, openness to experience, and emotional stability, while its asymmetry is related to neuroticism.

Question 12

Autopsy studies of Einstein's brain suggest that the _____ lobe may be involved in spatial and mathematical intelligence.

Accepted Answer

Autopsy studies of Einstein's brain have suggested that the parietal lobe, which is involved in spatial processing, may be responsible for his exceptional mathematical and spatial intelligence.

Question 13

Networks of neurons in the _____ lobe are involved in processing emotions and making plans.

Accepted Answer

The frontal lobe is involved in higher level cognitive functions such as attention, planning, decision making, and emotion regulation. Therefore, networks of neurons in the frontal lobe are involved in processing emotions and making plans.

Question 14

Language processing involves synthesizing information from many different brain areas.Broca's and Wernicke's areas are therefore considered _____ areas.

Accepted Answer

Broca's and Wernicke's areas are considered association areas because they integrate and process information from various parts of the brain related to language comprehension and production.

Question 15

The brain's association areas:

Accepted Answer

The answer of The brain's association areas:
...

Question 16

Sensory and motor information is integrated in the _____ areas of the cortex.

Accepted Answer

Association areas of the cortex are responsible for integrating and processing sensory and motor information.

Question 17

Which statement BEST describes the relationship between the amount of motor cortex devoted to the control of a particular movement and the degree of precision required by the movement?

Accepted Answer

There is a positive correlation between the amount of motor cortex devoted to the control of a particular movement and the degree of precision required by the movement. This means that movements requiring more precision (such as fine finger movements) will have a larger area of cortex devoted to their control compared to movements requiring less precision (such as gross body movements).

Question 18

In which lobe is the motor cortex located?

Accepted Answer

The motor cortex is located in the frontal lobe.

Question 19

Somatosensory cortex is to motor cortex as the _____ lobe is to the ______ lobe.

Accepted Answer

The somatosensory cortex and motor cortex are both located in the parietal and frontal lobes respectively. Therefore, the parietal lobe is to the frontal lobe in the same way that the somatosensory cortex is to the motor cortex.

Question 20

Which choice correctly pairs a case study or scientist from psychology's history,with the cortical area with which he is associated?

Accepted Answer

The answer of Which choice correctly pairs a case study...

Quiz 2: Biology and Behavior