Question 1

"Phantom limb" pain occurs in at least ________ percent of amputees.

Accepted Answer

Research suggests that phantom limb pain occurs in at least 90 percent of amputees.

Question 2

Information from the kinesthetic senses travels mainly to the ________ lobes.

Accepted Answer

Information from the kinesthetic senses, which include sensations related to body position, movement, and touch, travels mainly to the parietal lobes of the brain. The parietal lobes are located at the top and back of the brain and are responsible for processing sensory information from various parts of the body. They are also involved in spatial orientation and the ability to perceive and navigate the physical environment.

Question 3

Motion sickness arises in the ________.

Accepted Answer

Motion sickness arises from the vestibular senses, which are responsible for detecting movement and changes in head position. When there is a mismatch between the signals received by the vestibular system and the visual system, it can lead to feelings of nausea, dizziness, and discomfort.

Question 4

Jane jumps out of bed to the sound of her alarm clock. As she reaches her feet, she feels very dizzy for a few seconds. As her system readjusts to her standing, she begins to regain her sense of balance. The source of Jane's dizziness is probably in the ________ senses.

Accepted Answer

The vestibular senses are responsible for our sense of balance and spatial orientation. The fact that Jane felt dizzy upon standing suggests that there was a disruption in this system as her body readjusted to the change in position.

Question 5

After living all his life in a town that pumps its water from relatively pure underground wells, John moves to a city that gets its water from a local river and must add chlorine to purify it. He totally dislikes the taste of the city water. His friends, who are long-time city residents, cannot understand his problem because they have experienced ________.

Accepted Answer

Sensory adaptation refers to the gradual decrease in sensitivity to a constant or repetitive stimulus. John's friends, who have been drinking the chlorinated city water for a long time, have likely undergone sensory adaptation and no longer perceive the taste as unpleasant.

Question 6

A tourist at Disney World is suddenly overcome with dizziness while watching a wide- screen display of a roller coaster ride. The sense organs that contribute most to her feelings of disequilibrium are the ________.

Accepted Answer

The answer of A tourist at Disney World is suddenly...

Question 7

Susceptibility to motion sickness appears to be related to ________.

Accepted Answer

Research has suggested that both race and genetics can play a role in an individual's susceptibility to motion sickness. Studies have shown that people of Asian descent tend to experience motion sickness more frequently than those of European descent, and there is evidence to suggest that genetics may also play a role in an individual's sensitivity to motion sickness.

Question 8

In Michigan, an outdoor temperature of 45 degrees feels cold in July but warm in January. This is an example of ________.

Accepted Answer

This is an example of adaptation, which is the process by which our sensitivity to a stimulus decreases over time. In the case of the temperature in Michigan, our bodies become accustomed to a certain range of temperatures based on the season, which leads to a different perception of what feels cold or warm.

Question 9

The average six-foot-tall person has about ________ square feet of skin.

Accepted Answer

The average human body has about 20 square feet of skin, but a six-foot-tall person would have more due to their height. However, it is unlikely that one's skin surface area would increase by a factor of 50%, so option A (28) seems too high. Option B (7) seems too low. Option D (14) may be a reasonable estimate for someone who is shorter than six feet but not for someone who is six feet or taller. Therefore, C (21) is the best choice.

Question 10

Our largest sensory organ is our ________.

Accepted Answer

Our skin is our largest sensory organ and has multiple types of receptors that allow us to sense touch, pressure, temperature, pain, and more.

Question 11

Research has found that __________ someone for just a few seconds can successfully convey emotions such as anger, fear, disgust, love, gratitude, sympathy, happiness, and sadness.

Accepted Answer

The answer of Research has found that __________ someone for...

Question 12

Which of the following events would be most likely to produce a temporary upset of the vestibular senses?

Accepted Answer

Riding a wild roller coaster involves sudden and rapid changes in acceleration and movement, which can cause temporary upset of the vestibular senses. The vestibular system is responsible for detecting movement and changes in head orientation, so riding a roller coaster can disrupt the normal functioning of this system. Stimulation of the basilar membrane, staring at a bright flashing strobe light and listening to a loud stereo through earphones may affect the auditory senses, but not the vestibular senses.

Question 13

The phenomenon of paradoxical heat explains why ________.

Accepted Answer

Paradoxical heat refers to the experience of thinking we are touching something hot when it is actually warm, because the skin's temperature receptors respond differently to warming and cooling stimuli. This phenomenon does not relate to individual sensitivity to temperature, the sensitivity of specific body parts like the hands and arms, or the structure of encapsulated end organs.

Question 14

Our ________ senses provide specific information about muscle movement, changes in posture, and strain on muscles and joints.

Accepted Answer

Kinesthetic senses provide information about body movement, position, and balance. They are related to how we perceive our own body and movement. This includes information about muscle tension, joint movement, and changes in posture. Vestibular senses provide information about balance, head position, and movement. Cutaneous senses provide information about touch, pressure, temperature, and pain. Olfactory senses provide information about smells.

Question 15

Information from the skin's nerve receptors goes primarily to the ________ lobes of the brain.

Accepted Answer

The parietal lobes of the brain receive information from the skin's nerve receptors, which is responsible for processing touch, pressure, and temperature sensation.

Question 16

People of ________ ancestry display the highest frequency of motion sickness.

Accepted Answer

Studies have found that people of Asian ancestry, particularly East Asians, have a higher frequency of motion sickness compared to other ethnic groups. This is believed to be due to genetic factors that affect the functioning of the vestibular system, which is involved in balance and perception of motion.

Question 17

The area(s) among the most sensitive in the human body is (are) the ________.

Accepted Answer

The face is known to have the highest concentration of nerve endings per square centimeter, making it the most sensitive area of the body.

Question 18

The idea that fibers in the sensory nerves can prevent impulses from reaching the brain -- and thus prevent the sensation of pain -- is part of the ________ theory of pain.

Accepted Answer

The idea that fibers in the sensory nerves can prevent impulses from reaching the brain and therefore prevent pain sensation is the basis of the gate-control theory of pain. This theory proposes that there is a "gate" in the spinal cord that can either allow or block pain signals from reaching the brain. The theory states that non-painful input, such as touch, can close the gate to painful input or increase the threshold for pain, reducing or even eliminating pain sensations.

Question 19

The vestibular senses govern our awareness of ________.

Accepted Answer

The vestibular senses deal with the sense of equilibrium, which is our sense of balance and spatial orientation. They help us maintain our posture and balance, and perceive movement and gravity. Therefore, option D is the best choice.

Question 20

The senses that monitor our equilibrium and awareness of body position in space are the ________ senses.

Accepted Answer

The vestibular senses monitor our equilibrium and awareness of body position in space, making D (vestibular) the correct answer. Kinesthetic senses monitor body movement and position, cutaneous senses monitor touch, and olfactory senses monitor smell.

Quiz 3: Sensation and Perception