Question 1

The results of the study by Robert Levine and his colleagues indicated that people from:

Accepted Answer

The answer of The results of the study by Robert...

Question 2

Both the psychodynamic and cognitive psychological perspectives are typically thought of as operating at:

Accepted Answer

Both psychodynamic and cognitive psychological perspectives are focused on how internal mental processes affect human behavior, which is a key component of the psychological level of analysis. These perspectives do not focus primarily on biological or environmental factors, although they do acknowledge the influence of these factors on psychological functioning to some extent.

Question 3

When Karl Lashley investigated the brain mechanisms involved in learning;he:

Accepted Answer

Karl Lashley's experiments involved damaging specific areas of the brain in animals and observing how this impacted learning and memory. This method allowed him to isolate different areas of the brain and determine their specific roles in these processes.

Question 4

Which of the following is specifically concerned with identifying the physiological processes that underlie our behaviours,sensations,thoughts,and feelings?

Accepted Answer

Behavioural neuroscience is specifically concerned with identifying the physiological processes that underlie our behaviours, sensations, thoughts, and feelings. It seeks to understand the relationship between the brain and behaviour through the study of the nervous system, genetics, and other biological processes. Evolutionary psychology focuses on how natural selection has shaped our behaviour over time, behaviour genetics looks at how genes influence behaviour, and behaviourism emphasizes the role of environmental factors in shaping behaviour.

Question 5

Which of the following statements best summarizes the cross-cultural research conducted by Robert Levine and his colleagues on the topic of love and marriage?

Accepted Answer

Levine's cross-cultural research found that in some cultures, love was considered important but not always viewed as an essential prerequisite for marriage. This indicates that the importance of love in marriage varies across cultures. The other answer choices are incorrect because they do not accurately reflect the findings of Levine's research.

Question 6

The scientific area that is concerned with the influence of genetic factors on behavioural tendencies is called:

Accepted Answer

The scientific area that explores the influence of genetic factors on behavioural tendencies is known as behavior genetics. Evolutionary psychology deals with the evolution of psychological mechanisms, sociogenetics examines the influence of social environment on genes, and sociobiology analyzes the biological basis of social behavior in animals, primarily in the context of natural selection.

Question 7

The field of evolutionary psychology is considered to be a part of which psychological perspective?

Accepted Answer

The field of evolutionary psychology focuses on how evolution has shaped human behavior and cognition, and therefore falls under the biological perspective in psychology.

Question 8

Understanding what brain regions are involved in experiencing the emotions operates at the ____________ level of analysis.

Accepted Answer

This question is asking about brain regions, which is a biological aspect of experiencing emotions. Therefore, the correct answer is the biological level of analysis (choice A). The other choices (psychological, environmental, and sociocultural) focus on different aspects of human behavior and experience.

Question 9

Think back to the historical progression of psychology presented in the text.It is somewhat interesting to note that psychology has almost come full circle in terms of what it is focusing on.Psychologists have returned to focusing on an area of research that was a focus in psychology's infancy,but with more sophisticated tools and methods available to aid in their investigations.The area they have returned to research in is ____________:

Accepted Answer

The text states that psychologists have returned to focusing on mental events, which was a focus in the infancy of psychology but with more sophisticated tools and methods available now. This is evidenced by the current emphasis on cognitive psychology, which focuses on mental processes such as perception, memory, and reasoning.

Question 10

The perspective that tends to ignore mental processes because they are not directly observable is known as ______________.In contrast,the perspective that acknowledges the importance of both the environment and internal mental processes in determining behaviour is known as _____________.

Accepted Answer

The perspective that tends to ignore mental processes because they are not directly observable is known as behavioural, while the perspective that acknowledges the importance of both the environment and internal mental processes in determining behaviour is known as cognitive-behavioural. Thus, option D is the correct answer.

Question 11

Evolutionary theory states that individuals who receive a competitive advantage from inherited traits will be more likely to survive,reproduce,and thus pass on these adaptive traits to future generations.This process is known as natural ________________.

Accepted Answer

Natural selection is the process by which individuals with advantageous traits are more likely to survive, reproduce, and pass those traits to their offspring. Endurance and survival are related concepts but do not directly apply to the process of natural selection. Extinction is the opposite of natural selection and occurs when a species fails to adapt and survive in changing environments.

Question 12

Of the perspectives listed below,which one assumes that people are the LEAST aware of the factors that actually influence their behaviours?

Accepted Answer

The psychodynamic perspective is based on the idea that people's unconscious desires and motives influence their behavior, which suggests that people may not be fully aware of the factors that drive their actions. In contrast, the other perspectives listed place a greater emphasis on people's conscious thoughts, feelings, and beliefs, and therefore assume that individuals have a greater awareness and control over their behavior.

Question 13

Constance believes that women should seek education and careers,but she also plans on taking care of her children full time.A psychologist who would likely emphasize the role of her society in shaping these attitudes would be known as ________________.A psychologist who,would likely argue that natural selection had predisposed females to nurture their offspring is called ____________________.

Accepted Answer

The first psychologist who emphasizes the role of society is classified as sociocultural, which is option C. The second psychologist who argues that natural selection predisposed females to nurture their offspring is classified as evolutionary, which is also option C. Therefore, option C is the correct answer.

Question 14

One way that the evolutionary and sociocultural perspectives are similar is that both:

Accepted Answer

Both the evolutionary and sociocultural perspectives acknowledge that environmental factors play a role in shaping human behavior. Evolutionary psychology focuses on how behavior has evolved to adapt to the environment, while sociocultural psychology looks at how cultural and social factors influence behavior.

Question 15

A sociocultural theorist would most likely criticize the evolutionary perspective for its overemphasis on ____________ and its underemphasis on _____________.

Accepted Answer

A sociocultural theorist would criticize the evolutionary perspective for its overemphasis on biology and genetics and underemphasis on social factors. The sociocultural perspective acknowledges the role of culture and society in shaping human behavior and development, which is not fully addressed in the evolutionary perspective.

Question 16

With regard to human nature,which psychological perspective listed below takes the most deterministic view of human behaviour and assumes that our behaviours are mostly shaped by forces that we can't control?

Accepted Answer

The psychodynamic perspective emphasizes that our behaviour is shaped by unconscious forces, such as our unconscious desires, repressed memories, and childhood experiences. This perspective takes a highly deterministic view of human behaviour, suggesting that our behaviours are mostly driven by forces that are beyond our control.

Question 17

This perspective examines how brain processes and other bodily functions regulate behaviour.

Accepted Answer

The perspective that examines how brain processes and other bodily functions regulate behavior is the biological perspective. It focuses on the study of the physical and biological basis of behavior, including the brain, nervous system, and genetics.

Question 18

Jason helps his mother cook every time he goes to her house.This pro-social behaviour would be explained by evolutionary theorists with _____________ and by the sociocultural theorists with ______________.

Accepted Answer

Evolutionary theorists would argue that pro-social behavior like helping a family member cook is adaptive because it increases the likelihood of survival and reproduction. Sociocultural theorists would argue that norms and expectations within a particular cultural context may also influence Jason's behavior.

Question 19

In the study conducted by Robert Levine and his colleagues,the primary question asked of participants on the questionnaire was:

Accepted Answer

The study conducted by Robert Levine and his colleagues focused on the question of whether people prioritize romantic love or practical considerations when choosing a mate. Therefore, the primary question asked of participants on the questionnaire was whether they would marry someone who had all the desired qualities in a mate but whom they were not in love with.

Question 20

The work of Donald O.Hebb was specifically discussed as having a significant impact on the development of the biological approach known as:

Accepted Answer

Donald O. Hebb's work is associated with the development of behavioural neuroscience, which is concerned with establishing links between behavior and the underlying brain mechanisms.

Quiz 1: Psychology: the Science of Behaviour