Question 1

Csikszentmihalyi came up with the concept of ________ after studying artists who would spend hour after hour painting or sculpting with focused concentration.

Accepted Answer

Csikszentmihalyi coined the term "flow" to describe a state of concentration and complete absorption in an activity. He observed this state in artists who could lose track of time and forget about their surroundings while completely engrossed in their work.

Question 2

Dr.Thompson develops interview questions that will effectively predict job applicants' success in specific work positions.Her work best illustrates that of a(n)________ psychologist.

Accepted Answer

Personnel psychologists focus on designing methods to select and evaluate employees, which includes developing hiring practices such as interviews and assessments. Therefore, the work of Dr. Thompson, who is developing interview questions to predict job success, aligns with the role of a personnel psychologist. Organizational psychologists generally focus on improving working conditions and productivity within a company or organization, while human factors psychologists focus on how people interact with technology and equipment. Clinical psychologists work with individuals to diagnose and treat mental illnesses, which is not related to the work of Dr. Thompson.

Question 3

Flow is characterized by a ________ awareness of self and a ________ awareness of the passing of time.

Accepted Answer

D

Question 4

Those who view their work as a necessary but personally unfulfilling way to make money are said to view work as a

Accepted Answer

The description given in the question is of a traditional "job" where the focus is on earning a paycheck rather than finding personal fulfillment or purpose in the work. A career typically implies a long-term commitment to a particular profession or field, while a calling implies a strong sense of passion and purpose in one's work.

Question 5

Jeff,who is 14,engages in rigorous tennis drills or competitive play at least four hours every day because he wants to master the sport and play on one of the best university teams in the country.His goal and behavior best illustrate the concept of

Accepted Answer

Jeff's behavior of engaging in rigorous tennis drills or competitive play for four hours every day to master the sport and play on one of the best university teams in the country reflects his achievement motivation. Achievement motivation refers to the drive to succeed and improve one's performance in a particular area. Jeff's goal of mastering tennis and playing at the highest level shows his determination to achieve success in this area.

Question 6

When researchers monitored the professional accomplishments of more than 1500 highly intelligent individuals,they found that the most successful were more ambitious,energetic,and persistent.This best illustrates the importance of

Accepted Answer

The study highlights the significance of achievement motivation, as the most successful individuals were those who displayed high levels of ambition, energy, and persistence.

Question 7

Alonso is so absorbed in solving complex engineering problems that he loses track of time as he spends entire weekends working.Alonzo's experience best illustrates the concept of

Accepted Answer

Alonso is experiencing flow, which is a psychological state where one becomes completely absorbed in a task, loses track of time, and experiences a sense of enjoyment and fulfillment from the activity. This state is often associated with activities that require high levels of skill and challenge, such as complex engineering problems.

Question 8

Those who view their work as a career are especially likely to be concerned about opportunities for

Accepted Answer

Those who view their work as a career are likely to be concerned about opportunities for increasingly better employment positions, such as promotions, raises, and advancements. This demonstrates a focus on long-term growth and development within their chosen profession. Outsourcing, creating action plans, and transformational leadership are not necessarily related to career advancement opportunities.

Question 9

Andrea views her work as primarily an opportunity to climb the corporate ladder in pursuit of increasingly better positions.Andrea apparently views her work as a

Accepted Answer

Andrea's focus on climbing the corporate ladder suggests that she sees her work as a career, rather than just a job or a contractual obligation. A career implies a long-term commitment to professional development, advancement, and achievement.

Question 10

Julia is a highly skilled professional violinist.She often becomes so focused and energized by her challenging practice sessions that they last hours longer than she had planned.Her experience best illustrates the concept of

Accepted Answer

The concept of flow refers to a state of complete absorption in an activity, often characterized by intense focus and motivation, and a sense of timelessness. Julia's experience of becoming so focused and energized by her practice sessions that they last hours longer than planned is a classic example of flow.

Question 11

In studies of both high school and college students,________ has been a better predictor of school performance than intelligence test scores have been.

Accepted Answer

Studies have shown that self-discipline is a better predictor of school performance than intelligence test scores. This could be due to self-discipline being linked to better time management, organization, and study habits, which ultimately lead to better academic performance.

Question 12

People report the greatest satisfaction with their work and their lives if they

Accepted Answer

Research shows that individuals who view their work as a calling - something that gives them a sense of purpose and meaning - tend to have greater job and life satisfaction than those who view their work simply as a means to an end or who are motivated primarily by high wages. Part-time work and directive management styles are not consistently associated with greater job or life satisfaction.

Question 13

Human factors psychologists are most likely to be involved in

Accepted Answer

Human factors psychologists specialize in designing machines and technology that are ergonomic and easy for humans to use. This involves studying human abilities and limitations and designing products that take these factors into account.

Question 14

Which profession is most directly involved in the application of psychology's principles to the workplace?

Accepted Answer

Industrial-organizational psychology is a subfield of psychology that focuses on the application of psychological principles to the workplace. It involves improving the productivity and effectiveness of organizations by addressing issues such as employee selection, training and development, job performance, and work-life balance.

Question 15

Developing assessment tools for selecting and placing employees is of most direct relevance to

Accepted Answer

Developing assessment tools for selecting and placing employees is a primary concern of personnel psychology, which focuses on the selection, placement, training, and development of individuals in the workplace. Clinical psychology focuses on diagnosing and treating mental health disorders, while organizational psychology focuses on understanding how individuals and groups behave within an organizational context. Human factors psychology focuses on enhancing safety, efficiency, and compatibility between individuals and technology or other systems.

Question 16

Work activities that leave you wondering "When can I do this again?" rather than "When will this be over?" are most likely to be associated with

Accepted Answer

The experience of flow refers to the state of being fully immersed and engaged in an activity, with a sense of energized focus and enjoyment. It typically involves using one's skills to meet a challenge, and can lead to feelings of satisfaction and fulfillment. Activities that elicit a state of flow are likely to be ones that are enjoyable and meaningful, and provide a sense of mastery and accomplishment.

Question 17

A worker who spends far more time sharpening existing skills than correcting existing weaknesses

Accepted Answer

A worker who spends more time sharpening their existing skills shows a focus on personal growth and improvement. This indicates that they are likely satisfied with their current career and are successful in their current role, which ultimately leads to internal reward and motivation. They are less likely to view their work as a job and are more likely to have a democratic leadership style because of their continuous self-improvement.

Question 18

The desire for significant accomplishment,for mastery of skills or ideas,for control,and for attaining a high standard is called

Accepted Answer

The desire for significant accomplishment, mastery of skills or ideas, control, and attaining a high standard are all associated with achievement motivation. Flow is a state of optimal experience, impulse control refers to the ability to resist temptation, and task leadership is a specific style of leadership focused on completing tasks.

Question 19

Organizational psychologists are most likely to be involved in

Accepted Answer

The answer of Organizational psychologists are most likely to be...

Question 20

Effectively designing the layout of a commercial food-processing facility in a way that maximizes efficient and safe food preparation best illustrates a task that might be the responsibility of

Accepted Answer

Human factors psychologists specialize in designing systems, equipment, and facilities in order to optimize human performance and safety. They would be best suited for designing the layout of a commercial food-processing facility to ensure efficient and safe food preparation.

Quiz 16: Psychology at Work