Question 1

Increased plasma concentration of lactic acid stimulates increased ventilation primarily by means of central chemoreceptors.

Accepted Answer

Increased plasma concentration of lactic acid stimulates increased ventilation primarily through peripheral chemoreceptors (located in the carotid and aortic bodies) that detect changes in blood pH, rather than central chemoreceptors, which are more sensitive to changes in CO2 levels.

Question 2

One cause of hypoxic hypoxia in disease is diffusion impairment of O₂ resulting from decreased alveolar surface area.

Accepted Answer

Diffusion impairment of oxygen (O₂) can result from decreased alveolar surface area and can lead to hypoxic hypoxia in disease.

Question 3

Nonrespiratory functions of the lungs include acting as "filters" for removing certain chemicals and blood clots.

Accepted Answer

The lungs do act as filters, removing certain chemicals and blood clots from circulation.

Question 4

A small amount of carbon monoxide in the air would not significantly alter the P_O2 of inspired air nor the P_O2 of the arterial blood.

Accepted Answer

The answer of A small amount of carbon monoxide in...

Question 5

The control of respiration by centers in the brainstem can be over-ridden by higher brain centers when speaking,breath-holding,undergoing emotional reactions,and experiencing pain.

Accepted Answer

This is because during these activities, it is necessary to consciously control the breathing pattern and override the automatic breathing control by the brainstem.

Question 6

During moderate exercise,arterial P_CO2 and H⁺ concentration increase and arterial P_O2 decreases,and these are the main stimuli causing increased ventilation.

Accepted Answer

The answer of During moderate exercise,arterial P_CO2 and H⁺ concentration...

Question 7

The key difference between fetal hemoglobin and adult hemoglobin is that fetal hemoglobin has a lower affinity for oxygen,because the levels of oxygen in placental blood is 2 to 3 times higher than other systemic arteries.

Accepted Answer

Fetal hemoglobin actually has a higher affinity for oxygen than adult hemoglobin due to a different amino acid composition in its structure. This allows for efficient transfer of oxygen from the mother's blood to the fetus.

Question 8

The most important signal for regulating normal ventilation is hydrogen ions in the blood generated by lactic acid production.

Accepted Answer

The most important signal for regulating normal ventilation is the level of carbon dioxide in the blood, not hydrogen ions or lactic acid production.

Question 9

Exposure to high altitude is a form of ischemic hypoxia.

Accepted Answer

The answer of Exposure to high altitude is a form...

Quiz 13: Respiratory Physiology