Question 1

The diameter of bronchioles can change because their walls contain

Accepted Answer

Smooth muscle is responsible for controlling the diameter of the bronchioles. It can contract to constrict the diameter or relax to widen it. The other answer choices do not play a significant role in controlling the diameter of bronchioles.

Question 2

During swallowing,the opening into the larynx is covered by the

Accepted Answer

During swallowing, the epiglottis covers the opening into the larynx to prevent food or liquid from entering the trachea and lungs.

Question 3

When people aspirate liquids or food into their lungs,the liquid or food most commonly enters the right lung rather than the left lung.This is because the right primary bronchus is __________ than the left primary bronchus.

Accepted Answer

The right primary bronchus is more vertical than the left primary bronchus, which makes it easier for liquids or food to enter the right lung. The left primary bronchus is more horizontal, making it more difficult for liquids or food to enter the left lung. The length, thickness, and ciliary coverage of the bronchi do not play as much of a role in determining which lung is more likely to be affected by aspiration.

Question 4

Gas exchange between the air in the lungs and the blood takes place in the

Accepted Answer

The alveoli are small air sacs in the lungs where the exchange of gases between the air and blood occurs. Oxygen from inhaled air diffuses across the alveolar walls into the capillaries, while carbon dioxide from the blood diffuses the other way, out of the capillaries and into the alveoli to be exhaled out of the body. The other structures listed (primary bronchi, terminal bronchioles, trachea, respiratory bronchi) are part of the respiratory system but are not directly involved in gas exchange.

Question 5

Which of the following statements concerning the larynx is correct?

Accepted Answer

When the glottis closes, air is prevented from leaving the lungs. The larynx contains nine cartilages, not four. The epiglottis does not consist of bony tissue, and the inferior laryngeal cartilage is not the thyroid cartilage. The Adam's apple refers to the prominence of the thyroid cartilage in males.

Question 6

Which of the following laryngeal cartilages are paired? (1)epiglottis
(2)thyroid cartilage
(3)corniculate cartilage
(4)arytenoid cartilage
(5)cuneiform cartilage
(6)cricoid cartilage

Accepted Answer

The corniculate cartilage, cuneiform cartilage, and cricoid cartilage are all unpaired. The epiglottis is singular, but the thyroid cartilage and arytenoid cartilage are paired. Therefore, the correct answer is (3)4,5,6.

Question 7

The pitch of the sound produced by the vocal folds is controlled by the

Accepted Answer

The pitch of the sound produced by the vocal folds is determined by the frequency of the vibrations of the folds. The faster the folds vibrate, the higher the pitch produced.

Question 8

The walls of the alveoli

Accepted Answer

The walls of the alveoli are composed of simple squamous epithelium, which allows for efficient gas exchange between the lungs and the blood. None of the other choices are correct - smooth muscle and goblet cells are not present in the alveoli, there is no cartilage surrounding the alveoli, and they are not ciliated.

Question 9

Which of the following statements regarding the lungs is correct?

Accepted Answer

The left lung contains two lobes while the right lung contains three lobes. This is a commonly tested fact about the lungs. Option A is incorrect as the right lung is larger than the left lung due to the position of the heart. Option C is false as the right lung has more bronchopulmonary segments than the left lung. Option D is incorrect as both lungs have a hilum. Option E is also incorrect.

Question 10

The trachea

Accepted Answer

The trachea has "C" shaped cartilages that form its anterior and lateral sides.

Question 11

From largest to smallest,the correct sequence for the following passageways is

Accepted Answer

The answer of From largest to smallest,the correct sequence for...

Question 12

Constriction of smooth muscle in the bronchioles

Accepted Answer

Constriction of smooth muscle in the bronchioles reduces the diameter of the airways, which restricts the flow of air into the lungs. This is often seen in individuals with asthma, as well as during allergic reactions or other conditions that cause bronchoconstriction. It can make breathing more difficult and can result in symptoms such as wheezing and shortness of breath.

Question 13

Arrange the following structures in the order air passes through them during inhalation: (1)alveolar ducts
(2)alveolus
(3)respiratory bronchiole
(4)terminal bronchiole

Accepted Answer

During inhalation, air passes through the following structures in the given order: terminal bronchiole > respiratory bronchiole > alveolar ducts > alveoli. Therefore, option C is the correct arrangement.

Question 14

When these ligaments or folds come together,they prevent food from entering the lower respiratory tract.

Accepted Answer

The vocal folds and vestibular folds come together to prevent food from entering the lower respiratory tract.

Question 15

Of the following structures,the largest in diameter is the

Accepted Answer

The trachea is the largest structure in diameter, ranging from 2.5 to 3 cm in diameter. The primary bronchus, secondary bronchus, respiratory bronchiole, and tertiary bronchus are all smaller in diameter than the trachea.

Question 16

When air passes through the glottis,which structures vibrate to produce sound?

Accepted Answer

The vocal folds, also known as vocal cords, vibrate to produce sound when air passes through the glottis.

Question 17

A person has severe damage or disease in the upper area of their right lung.Surgery is necessary.The doctor would need to remove

Accepted Answer

The answer of A person has severe damage or disease...

Question 18

The respiratory zone of the tracheobronchial tree includes which of the following?

Accepted Answer

The respiratory zone is where gas exchange occurs and includes the alveoli. The trachea (A), primary bronchi (C), larynx (D), and tertiary bronchi (E) are all part of the conducting zone, which leads air to the respiratory zone.

Question 19

Each lobe of each lung is supplied by a

Accepted Answer

Each lobe of each lung is supplied by a secondary bronchus, also known as a lobar bronchus.

Question 20

What is the function of the ciliated epithelium of the tracheobronchial tree?

Accepted Answer

The ciliated epithelium in the tracheobronchial tree acts as a mucus-cilia escalator, which moves mucus and trapped foreign particles up and out of the respiratory system. This helps to protect the lungs from infection and disease.

Quiz 23: Respiratory System