Question 1

In the context of social identity,a group of people who share a sense of belonging,or a feeling of common identity,is called a(n):

Accepted Answer

An ingroup is a group of people who share a sense of belonging or common identity. This can often lead to a positive bias towards individuals in the ingroup and a negative bias towards individuals in the outgroup. The outgroup is a group of people who are perceived as different or not belonging to the ingroup. A control group is a group of individuals that is used as a baseline for comparison in a research study. Intragroup refers to interactions and relationships within a single group. Therefore, the best choice is A) ingroup.

Question 2

You are Black,and you have difficulty recognizing the White customers who were in your store during a robbery.This is an example of:

Accepted Answer

An own-race bias, also called the cross-race effect or the own-group bias, refers to the phenomenon that people are better at recognizing faces of their own race than faces of other races. Therefore, the difficulty of recognizing White customers might be due to the own-race bias experienced by the Black person in this scenario. Impact bias, looking-glass self, and distinctive case do not fit the given situation.

Question 3

According to Ellemers et al.(1997)and Moscatelli et al.(2014),we are more prone to ingroup bias when our group is ________ and ________ relative to the outgroup.

Accepted Answer

Ellemers et al.(1997) and Moscatelli et al.(2014) both suggest that when our group is small and differs in status relative to the outgroup, we are more prone to ingroup bias. This is because individuals may feel threatened by the outgroup and seek to protect their own group's interests.

Question 4

What connection has been found in experiments exploring self-image and prejudice?

Accepted Answer

Experiments have shown that when a person's positive self-image is threatened, they may exhibit greater prejudice as a defense mechanism to restore their self-esteem.

Question 5

Which of the following statements is true of categorization?

Accepted Answer

Categorization allows us to make quick judgments and decisions with minimal effort. It can be useful in situations where we don't have the time or cognitive resources to fully evaluate each individual. However, categorization by itself does not necessarily lead to prejudice or discrimination. It is only when we attach negative stereotypes and attitudes to certain categories that prejudice and discrimination occur.

Question 6

In the context of the cognitive sources of prejudice,which of the following statements is true of similarities and differences among groups?

Accepted Answer

The cognitive source of "outgroup homogeneity bias" leads people to assume that other groups are more homogeneous than their own. This means that people tend to see more similarities within their own group and more differences among other groups, even when those differences aren't actually there.

Question 7

In the context of social identity,according to Myers,many disadvantaged youths find pride and identity in gang affiliations.This is their way of:

Accepted Answer

Myers argues that disadvantaged youths, who may suffer from feelings of low self-esteem due to discrimination and marginalization, often find a sense of pride and identity in gang affiliations. Joining a gang allows them to feel a sense of belonging and purpose, which can boost their self-esteem. It is not about justifying discrimination or establishing social dominance, but rather a way of seeking personal validation and identity.

Question 8

The phrase "they are all alike;we are diverse" reflects:

Accepted Answer

The phrase reflects the outgroup homogeneity effect, which is the tendency for people to view members of an outgroup as all being similar to each other while viewing members of their own ingroup as unique and diverse.

Question 9

What happens when people's personal and social identities become fused?

Accepted Answer

When people's personal and social identities become fused, they feel more connected to their group and are willing to do whatever it takes to protect their group. This can include being willing to die for their group, as the sense of self has become so intertwined with the group identity. Studies have shown that individuals who have fused identities are more likely to engage in extreme behaviors for the benefit of their group.

Question 10

The perception that the members of a different group as more similar to one another than are ingroup members is known as ________.

Accepted Answer

The outgroup homogeneity effect refers to the tendency to view members of a different group as more similar to one another than members of one's own group. This can lead to stereotypes and prejudice towards the outgroup. Option A refers to a tendency to give socially desirable responses rather than expressing authentic beliefs or feelings. Option B refers to a phenomenon where people hold more positive views of women compared to men. Option D refers to a tendency to attribute the behavior of members of another group to their group membership rather than individual factors.

Question 11

Betty and Tina are in the third grade.They have been chosen for their school team to participate in a math competition against other local schools.They are excited on the morning of the competition because they both believe that their team is going to win since they are the better team.The girls' belief best illustrates:

Accepted Answer

The girls' belief that their team is better than others reflects ingroup bias, which is the tendency to favor one's own group over others. The other options are not applicable in this scenario. The just-world phenomenon refers to the belief that people get what they deserve, the fundamental attribution error refers to the tendency to overemphasize dispositional (internal) factors and underestimate situational (external) factors in explaining others' behavior, and outgroup bias refers to the tendency to have negative attitudes and stereotypes towards members of outgroups.

Question 12

The tendency for people to more accurately recognize faces of members from their own group than those from other groups is known as ________.

Accepted Answer

The given phenomenon is known as an own-race bias, which refers to the tendency of people to be better at recognizing faces of individuals belonging to their own racial or ethnic group than those belonging to other groups. Therefore, option C is the correct answer. Options A, B, and D are not related to this concept.

Question 13

A tendency to favor one's own group is called:

Accepted Answer

Ingroup bias is the tendency to favor one's own group. Intergroup bias refers to the perception or treatment of individuals in terms of their membership in a social group, while outgroup bias is the negative attitudes and feelings toward people who are not part of one's own group. Groupthink bias refers to the tendency of a group to prioritize consensus and conformity over critical thinking and rational decision-making.

Question 14

The tendency for people to more accurately recognize faces of their own race is called the:

Accepted Answer

The tendency for people to more accurately recognize faces of their own race is called the cross-race effect. This effect has been found in many studies and can lead to difficulties in accurately identifying and remembering faces of individuals of other races.

Question 15

Your new roommate is from Ireland.She is a skydiver as well as a tennis player.In the context of distinctiveness,you are most likely to introduce your roommate to your friends as:

Accepted Answer

Distinctiveness in social psychology refers to how a person's behavior or characteristics make them stand out in a given context. Skydiving is a more unique and distinctive activity compared to playing tennis or being from Ireland, especially if the context is such that these latter traits are more common. Therefore, you are most likely to introduce your roommate as a skydiver to highlight this distinctive aspect of her identity.

Question 16

Noah,an anthropologist,conducts a psychology experiment with a group of Black participants.The participants are shown images of individuals belonging to different ethnic groups on a projector screen.After an hour,the participants are shown the photographs of the same individuals as shown earlier.Noah notices that the participants recognize the faces of Blacks in the photographs better than the faces of the individuals of other ethnicities.In the context of the cognitive sources of prejudice,this scenario exemplifies ________.

Accepted Answer

This scenario exemplifies an own-race bias, also known as the cross-race effect or other-race effect, which refers to the tendency to better recognize and remember faces of one's own race compared to faces of other races. This bias can contribute to the formation of stereotypes and prejudice towards individuals of other races.

Question 17

Identify a true statement about distinctive events and illusory correlations.

Accepted Answer

Illusory correlations occur when unusual events stand out and are given more attention. This can create a false perception that there is a relationship between the events, even if no such relationship exists. Therefore, attention to unusual occurrences can create illusory correlations.

Question 18

In the context of distinctiveness,Crocker and McGraw (1984)and S.E.Taylor et al.(1979)found that a Black person in an otherwise White group,a man in an otherwise female group,or a woman in an otherwise male group seems:

Accepted Answer

Crocker and McGraw (1984) and S.E. Taylor et al. (1979) found that individuals who are distinct in a group (e.g., a Black person in a predominantly White group, a man in a predominantly female group, or a woman in a predominantly male group) tend to be more prominent and influential. This is because their distinctiveness makes them more noticeable and memorable to others in the group.

Question 19

Your co-worker tells you that she has both a pet snake and a pet dog at home.In the context of distinctiveness,you are most likely to describe her to new office employees as a:

Accepted Answer

In the context of distinctiveness, a snake owner is more unique and memorable than a dog owner, since having a pet snake is less common than having a pet dog. This makes the characteristic of being a snake owner more distinctive and likely how someone would describe her to others.

Question 20

Devine and her colleagues (2005)note that automatic prejudices subside when ________.

Accepted Answer

Devine et al. (2005) found that people's automatic prejudices were lessened when their motivation to avoid prejudice was internal. This means that they were motivated by a personal desire to not be prejudiced, rather than external factors such as societal pressure or fear of being judged by others.

Quiz 9: Prejudice: Disliking Others

In the context of social identity,a group of people who share a sense of belonging,or a feeling of common identity,is called a(n) :

You are Black,and you have difficulty recognizing the White customers who were in your store during a robbery.This is an example of:

According to Ellemers et al.(1997) and Moscatelli et al.(2014) ,we are more prone to ingroup bias when our group is and relative to the outgroup.

What connection has been found in experiments exploring self-image and prejudice?

Which of the following statements is true of categorization?

In the context of the cognitive sources of prejudice,which of the following statements is true of similarities and differences among groups?

In the context of social identity,according to Myers,many disadvantaged youths find pride and identity in gang affiliations.This is their way of:

The phrase "they are all alike;we are diverse" reflects:

What happens when people's personal and social identities become fused?

The perception that the members of a different group as more similar to one another than are ingroup members is known as ________.

The tendency for people to more accurately recognize faces of members from their own group than those from other groups is known as ________.

A tendency to favor one's own group is called:

The tendency for people to more accurately recognize faces of their own race is called the:

Your new roommate is from Ireland.She is a skydiver as well as a tennis player.In the context of distinctiveness,you are most likely to introduce your roommate to your friends as:

Identify a true statement about distinctive events and illusory correlations.

In the context of distinctiveness,Crocker and McGraw (1984) and S.E.Taylor et al.(1979) found that a Black person in an otherwise White group,a man in an otherwise female group,or a woman in an otherwise male group seems:

Your co-worker tells you that she has both a pet snake and a pet dog at home.In the context of distinctiveness,you are most likely to describe her to new office employees as a:

Devine and her colleagues (2005) note that automatic prejudices subside when ________.

Quiz 9: Prejudice: Disliking Others

In the context of social identity,a group of people who share a sense of belonging,or a feeling of common identity,is called a(n) :

You are Black,and you have difficulty recognizing the White customers who were in your store during a robbery.This is an example of:

According to Ellemers et al.(1997) and Moscatelli et al.(2014) ,we are more prone to ingroup bias when our group is ________ and ________ relative to the outgroup.

What connection has been found in experiments exploring self-image and prejudice?

Which of the following statements is true of categorization?

In the context of the cognitive sources of prejudice,which of the following statements is true of similarities and differences among groups?

In the context of social identity,according to Myers,many disadvantaged youths find pride and identity in gang affiliations.This is their way of:

The phrase "they are all alike;we are diverse" reflects:

What happens when people's personal and social identities become fused?

The perception that the members of a different group as more similar to one another than are ingroup members is known as ________.

The tendency for people to more accurately recognize faces of members from their own group than those from other groups is known as ________.

A tendency to favor one's own group is called:

The tendency for people to more accurately recognize faces of their own race is called the:

Your new roommate is from Ireland.She is a skydiver as well as a tennis player.In the context of distinctiveness,you are most likely to introduce your roommate to your friends as:

Identify a true statement about distinctive events and illusory correlations.

In the context of distinctiveness,Crocker and McGraw (1984) and S.E.Taylor et al.(1979) found that a Black person in an otherwise White group,a man in an otherwise female group,or a woman in an otherwise male group seems:

Your co-worker tells you that she has both a pet snake and a pet dog at home.In the context of distinctiveness,you are most likely to describe her to new office employees as a:

Devine and her colleagues (2005) note that automatic prejudices subside when ________.

According to Ellemers et al.(1997) and Moscatelli et al.(2014) ,we are more prone to ingroup bias when our group is and relative to the outgroup.