Question 1

____________________ has to do with establishing the context for an issue in such a way as to emphasize certain aspects over others.

Accepted Answer

Framing refers to how information is presented or framed to influence how people perceive it. It involves establishing the context of an issue in a way that emphasizes certain aspects over others to shape people's decisions or opinions. Priming refers to exposing someone to a stimulus to activate a particular schema or idea in their mind, which may influence their subsequent behavior or response. Sampling refers to selecting a representative subset of a larger population for research or analysis. Socializing refers to the process of imparting social norms, values, and beliefs to individuals through socialization agents like family, peers, and media. Prioritizing refers to ranking or giving priority to certain tasks or goals over others based on their perceived importance or urgency.

Question 2

The theory of affective intelligence distinguishes between people's dispositions to act in normal situations and how those dispositions can be interrupted when ____________________ comes into play.

Accepted Answer

The theory of affective intelligence suggests that people's normal dispositions to act can be interrupted when emotions come into play. Therefore, the correct answer is D) emotions.

Question 3

Kendra is attached to core values of moral traditionalism and economic liberty.These values lead her to express support for policies that limit access to abortion services and lower taxes on income,among other things.Kendra's beliefs and attitudes are consistent with a conservative ____________________.

Accepted Answer

Kendra's beliefs and attitudes align with a conservative ideology, which is a set of principles and beliefs that prioritize individual freedom, limited government intervention, and traditional values. This ideology encompasses a range of issues, including social and economic policies, and is commonly associated with the Republican Party in the United States.

Question 4

Which is a coherent,organized set of ideas and principles that functions as a core from which individuals draw when forming attitudes about public affairs?

Accepted Answer

An ideology is a coherent, organized set of ideas and principles that functions as a core from which individuals draw when forming attitudes about public affairs. Partisanship refers to loyalty or support for a political party. A belief system refers to a set of individual beliefs that may not necessarily be organized or coherent. A policy attitude is an individual's opinion on a specific policy issue. A philosophy refers to a broader set of ideas about existence, morality, and the nature of reality.

Question 5

The process of developing attitudes,opinions,and preferences through contact with family and friends is called ____________________.

Accepted Answer

Socialization refers to the process through which individuals learn and internalize cultural and social norms, attitudes, values and beliefs. Family and friends are important agents of socialization that help shape an individual's attitudes, opinions and preferences through social interaction and observation of behaviors. Therefore, socialization is the most appropriate term to describe this process.

Question 6

Susan conducts a telephone survey about offshore drilling.The people who respond to her calls are overwhelmingly senior citizens,with very few young adults answering her survey questions.Her sample is likely to be ____________________.

Accepted Answer

The answer of Susan conducts a telephone survey about offshore...

Question 7

____________________ is the psychological process of shaping people's perceptions of a particular issue,figure,or policy.

Accepted Answer

The answer of ____________________ is the psychological process of shaping...

Question 8

Researchers have discovered that ____________________ campaign advertisements with emotional appeals polarize viewers while ____________________ ads have the opposite effect,tending to make people less certain of their convictions.

Accepted Answer

The answer of Researchers have discovered that ____________________ campaign advertisements...

Question 9

Sam wants to gauge public opinion on the death penalty.He asks survey respondents two questions: (1)"If you could choose between the following two approaches,which do you think is the better penalty for murder: the death penalty or life imprisonment with absolutely no possibility of parole?" and (2)"Are you in favor of the death penalty for a person convicted of murder?" What do you think Sam will find?

Accepted Answer

The wording of the first question presents two options and asks the respondent to choose between them, potentially leading to a higher number of respondents choosing the death penalty. The second question is more direct and asks if the respondent is in favor of the death penalty for a person convicted of murder. This may lead to a slightly lower number of respondents in favor of the death penalty compared to the first question. Therefore, Sam will likely find that more people are in favor of the death penalty when asked the second question than when asked the first question.

Question 10

When individuals pay attention only to relevant information when making choices,make their decisions based on what is in their best interests,and do not systematically make mistakes,instead using new information to correct past mistakes and improve decision making,they are said to be acting ____________________.

Accepted Answer

The described behavior is characteristic of rational decision making, where individuals make choices based on their own best interests and use new information to improve their decision making process.

Question 11

Alissa's parents are both Democrats,as are most of her friends.Alissa herself identifies with the Democratic Party,in part because she grew up surrounded by other Democrats and feels comfortable with the policies and personalities that are associated with that party.The development of Alissa's partisanship is best described as a process of ____________________.

Accepted Answer

Alissa's development of partisanship is best described as a process of socialization, as she was influenced by her parents and social environment to adopt the same political beliefs and identity. Priming refers to the media influencing the salience or importance of certain issues, framing involves shaping how an issue is presented, sampling refers to gathering a representative group for research, and prioritizing is about organizing and ranking goals.

Question 12

Voters are being asked to decide whether to build a new county jail.The public could be cued by politcians,pundits,other public figures,and television ads to consider the proposal in terms of its potential to raise their taxes on the one hand,or as a way to increase the number of jobs available to potential guards,cooks,and social workers on the other.These two types of cues are ____________________.

Accepted Answer

Frames are mental structures that shape the way people see and understand the world around them. In this scenario, the cues given by politicians, pundits, and television ads are framing the decision to build a new county jail in terms of its potential impact on taxes or job opportunities. These cues are attempting to shape the way voters view the proposal and influence their decision-making. Therefore, the best choice is A) frames.

Question 13

Brian is often hopeful about the prospects of new policies to improve social conditions,and he supports the redistribution of wealth and resources.It is most likely that Brian identifies himself as ideologically ____________________.

Accepted Answer

Brian's support for the redistribution of wealth and resources indicates that he aligns with liberal ideology, which emphasizes social equality and collective responsibility for addressing societal problems. Conservative and libertarian ideologies generally prioritize individualism and free market principles over government intervention to promote social equality. Agrarian and authoritarian ideologies are less relevant to Brian's specific values and beliefs.

Question 14

Many people express opinions and attitudes in surveys that are inconsistent with their own personal material interests but are in accordance with collective interests.For example,quite a few wealthy African Americans support more liberal social welfare policies than their wealthy white counterparts.This is an example of ____________________.

Accepted Answer

This is an example of group attachments, as wealthy African Americans may support social welfare policies that benefit their racial group or the broader African American community rather than solely focusing on their own individual material interests.

Question 15

During the 2000 Republican presidential primaries,campaign consultants in favor of George W.	Bush's election conducted a poll in which potential primary voters were asked whether they would be likely to vote for or against John McCain after learning that his "campaign finance proposals would give labor unions and the media a bigger influence on the outcome of elections." Clearly,the consultants' goal was not to find out how many people were going to vote for McCain,but to spread negative information about Bush's opponent while posing as pollsters.This is an example of ____________________.

Accepted Answer

Push polling is a technique used to influence voters under the guise of conducting a poll, often by spreading negative or misleading information about an opponent.

Question 16

Response rates to phone surveys-the number of people who actually give interviews,as compared to the number selected and solicited through a random process-have been ____________________.

Accepted Answer

Response rates to phone surveys have been declining for many years and now stand at about 30 percent.

Question 17

Choosing the best available options given one's interests and information is ____________________.

Accepted Answer

Choosing the best available options given one's interests and information is rationality. It involves carefully considering all possible options and selecting the one that best aligns with one's goals and values.

Question 18

Students studying at a university library on Saturday night are probably not representative of all college students.A random sample of students at the library on Saturday evening is,therefore,probably a ____________________ sample of the population of college students.

Accepted Answer

A sample of students at the library on Saturday night is likely to be biased because it only includes a subset of students who are studying at the library on a weekend night, which may not be representative of the larger population of college students.

Question 19

A "push poll" is ____________________.

Accepted Answer

A push poll is not a real poll but rather a form of marketing and campaigning where callers ask loaded questions meant to sway voters' opinions rather than gather objective data.

Question 20

Voters are being asked to decide whether to build a new county jail.Showing them photos of prisoners accompanying a news story about the proposal might cue a negative connotation in voters' minds.However,showing them contented prison workers from another county might cue voters to consciously or subconsciously think more positively about building the jail.Both types of photos are examples of ____________________.

Accepted Answer

The photos are examples of primes, which are stimuli that influence people's thoughts or emotions without their conscious awareness. The photos could prime voters to have either a negative or positive attitude towards the proposal.

Quiz 9: Public Opinion