Question 1

A woman was raised by parents who are lawyers.She models her parents' ways of speaking,and thinks of the world in terms of adversarial justice.Which of the following terms is used by Bourdieu to indicate that this woman is already well armed with capital that will help her more easily navigate the legal profession?

Accepted Answer

Habitual ways of thinking, speaking and acting that are modeled by parents and reinforced through socialization are called habitus by Bourdieu. In this case, the woman's habitus is already well-suited to the legal profession, giving her an advantage over others who may need to learn these skills through education or experience.

Question 2

Which of the following is a critique that stems from a deconstruction of the word "community" in the context of community crime prevention?

Accepted Answer

Deconstruction of the word "community" in the context of community crime prevention often reveals that it is exclusionary, as it implies a homogenous group that excludes certain individuals or groups who do not fit within the definition of the community.

Question 3

In what way does the state control the poor in ghettos that resemble prisons according to Wacquant?

Accepted Answer

According to Wacquant, the state controls the poor in ghettos that resemble prisons through onerous and choice-limiting rules and regulations attached to welfare support. This restricts the ability of individuals to improve their situation and perpetuates the cycle of poverty and dependence. The other options are not mentioned as specific forms of state control by Wacquant.

Question 4

Maher Arar was falsely accused of collaborating with the terrorist group al-Qaeda.His case was cited in the textbook to substantiate a number of issues raised by Agamben.Which of the following is one of these issues?

Accepted Answer

The answer of Maher Arar was falsely accused of collaborating...

Question 5

Which of the following best describes Wacquant's critical criminological interpretation of Bourdieu?

Accepted Answer

Wacquant's critical criminological interpretation of Bourdieu centers on social inequality and how the dominant groups maintain their power while disempowering the subordinate groups. Wacquant argues that the criminal justice system serves the interests of the dominant groups while punishing and oppressing the subordinate groups who lack capital to make positive changes. This is in line with Bourdieu's understanding of social capital, which is the collection of resources that are available to individuals and groups in a given social context. The dominant groups use their social capital to maintain their power, while the subordinate groups lack the necessary social capital to mobilize against oppression.

Question 6

Through his field theory of criminology,what sociologist provides insight into the cultural and economic conditions in which crime and our understanding of crime are produced?

Accepted Answer

Bourdieu's field theory of criminology emphasizes the role of social and cultural capital in shaping individuals' opportunities for success or failure in society, including opportunities to commit crime. In his view, the economic and cultural conditions in which crime occurs must be taken into account in understanding and preventing criminal behavior.

Question 7

Which of the following concepts best represents the following statement: "Opening up language to the silent,background suppositions that give words and phrases their meaning with the intention of encountering the hidden and excluded elements of language,meaning,and experience"?

Accepted Answer

The statement refers to the concept of deconstruction, which involves analyzing language to uncover its hidden and excluded elements and to challenge its assumed meanings.

Question 8

According to cultural criminologists,what hides beneath structured and rationally planned urban space?

Accepted Answer

Cultural criminologists argue that beneath structured and rationally planned urban spaces lies the "soft city," which refers to the unpredictable and unplanned aspects of urban life that can give rise to criminal activity. The soft city includes things like abandoned spaces, informal economies, and subcultures that are not accounted for in traditional urban planning. The other options, such as the risk society and actuarial risk, are related to the concept of risk and crime, but do not directly relate to the idea of the soft city. Fields may be a reference to the concept of the "field of cultural production," which is a term used in cultural studies, but is not directly related to cultural criminology.

Question 9

How are cultural criminologists most likely to describe a rally where pro-cannabis protesters smoke pot on Parliament Hill?

Accepted Answer

Cultural criminologists are likely to describe a rally where pro-cannabis protesters smoke pot on Parliament Hill as an act of transgression, as it involves breaking a law and challenging societal norms and values. This aligns with cultural criminology's focus on how individuals and groups resist dominant power structures and engage in subversive behavior.

Question 10

What is the term Bourdieu uses when someone has a real "feel for the game"?

Accepted Answer

Bourdieu uses the term habitus to refer to the set of dispositions, skills, and ways of thinking that an individual acquires through socialization and education, which then shape their behaviors and practices. Having a "feel for the game" refers to how an individual's habitus enables them to intuitively understand the rules and norms of a particular social setting or field, allowing them to navigate and succeed within it.

Question 11

According to cultural criminologists,which of the following does "dangerous knowledge" refer to?

Accepted Answer

According to cultural criminologists, "dangerous knowledge" refers to a form of knowledge that leaves no concept, notion, or idea unquestioned. This type of knowledge challenges dominant notions of power and authority, and can be used to resist and subvert social norms and structures.

Question 12

Which of the following scenarios best represents what cultural criminologists mean by the notion of the "soft city"?

Accepted Answer

Cultural criminologists use the term "soft city" to refer to spaces in urban areas where the usual social and legal controls have been effectively lifted. This can be seen in the scenario of an illegal occupation of a park by advocates of the homeless, where the activists are essentially creating a space outside of normal laws and regulations. The other options do not represent the concept of a "soft city" in the same way.

Question 13

Which of the following best illustrates a state of exception as described by Agamben?

Accepted Answer

The FLQ Crisis in Quebec is the best illustration of a state of exception as described by Agamben. During this crisis, the government suspended civil liberties and enacted the War Measures Act, which allowed for the use of military force and the suspension of habeas corpus. This state of exception demonstrated a suspension of normal legal and political processes and the emergence of a sovereign power that could act outside of legal constraints.

Question 14

Why might you advise a 20-year-old who wants to be a police officer to do extensive volunteer work while completing her post-secondary education?

Accepted Answer

The answer of Why might you advise a 20-year-old who...

Question 15

Cultural criminologists propose an intensive ethnographic approach to studying crime.What is the term they use to describe this methodology?

Accepted Answer

Cultural criminologists propose an attentive gaze as the methodology for studying crime ethnographically. This involves paying close attention to the cultural and social contexts in which crime occurs, and examining the ways in which criminal behavior is normative or symbolic within these contexts.

Question 16

What term is used by Agamben to describe the power of the sovereign to suspend civil liberties in the name of the greater good?

Accepted Answer

Agamben uses the term "state of exception" to describe the power of the sovereign to suspend civil liberties in the name of the greater good.

Question 17

What was the basis of the work conducted by Derrida on language and sovereignty?

Accepted Answer

Derrida's work on language and sovereignty focused on the deconstruction of language and its hidden meanings, particularly in relation to power and authority. Through analyzing the language used by those in positions of sovereignty, Derrida aimed to reveal the underlying assumptions and ideologies that shape our understanding of social and political systems. Thus, the basis of his work was to provide insight into what is really going on behind the words.

Question 18

Which of the following best represents what cultural criminologists mean by the notion of the "soft city"?

Accepted Answer

The soft city, according to cultural criminologists, refers to the ideas and uses of urban space that are not captured in the intended or planned design of the city. It encompasses the way people interpret and interact with urban spaces, as well as the social and cultural dynamics that shape the use of those spaces. Therefore, option B is the correct answer.

Question 19

What term is used by Derrida to denote the silent or absent element of language that provides words with an essential part of their meaning?

Accepted Answer

Derrida refers to the silent or absent element of language as a "trace." He argues that language is never fully present or transparent and that there is always a trace of absence, emptiness, or ambiguity that complicates our understanding of words and their meanings. This trace is an essential element of language and provides words with their richness and complexity.

Question 20

According to Derrida,which is the most commonplace understanding of justice?

Accepted Answer

Vengeance is the most commonplace understanding of justice, according to Derrida.

Quiz 12: Critical Criminology in Canada