Question 1

Femlee (1995) asked 300 college students to reflect on the last relationship they had ended, to list the things that first attracted them to their former partners, and to list the things that they disliked most about their partners around the time of the breakup. If Michelle is like some of Femlee's participants who experienced a "fatal attraction," she will probably say,

Accepted Answer

A "fatal attraction" is a situation where someone becomes attracted to something that ultimately leads to negative consequences. In this case, Michelle was initially attracted to Patrick's spontaneity, but this quality eventually became a negative trait, as he became undependable and irresponsible.

Question 2

Although equity theory suggests that both partners who are overbenefited and underbenefited feel uncomfortable, the partner who is ________ is more likely to perceive inequality as a problem.

Accepted Answer

According to equity theory, both partners who are overbenefited and underbenefited may feel uncomfortable. However, the partner who is underbenefited is more likely to perceive inequality as a problem because they may feel they are not receiving as much as they deserve in the relationship. Therefore, the correct answer is option C - underbenefited. None of the other options are supported by equity theory as determining factors for perception of inequality.

Question 3

Mike has recently broken up with his girlfriend Maura. According to research conducted by Akert (1998), over the next few weeks, Mike likely to experience

Accepted Answer

The answer of Mike has recently broken up with his...

Question 4

Why is an exchange approach more common in casual relationships than in long-term relationships?

Accepted Answer

In long-term relationships, partners are more likely to view their resources as shared and pooling resources makes it difficult to assign individual values, thus making an exchange approach less common. Casual relationships are often more focused on individual benefits and therefore an exchange approach is more common.

Question 5

According to Duck (1982), relationship dissolution doesn't happen all at once; instead, it is characterized by a series of stages. These stages are, in order:

Accepted Answer

Duck's model of relationship dissolution outlines a process that begins with an intrapersonal phase (individual reflection), moves to a dyadic phase (discussion between the partners), then to a social phase (involvement of social networks), and finally returns to an intrapersonal phase (post-breakup reflection).

Question 6

According to research conducted by Akert (1998), someone ________ would suffer the most after the dissolution of his or her romantic relationship.

Accepted Answer

According to the research conducted by Akert (1998), someone who was dumped would suffer the most after the dissolution of his or her romantic relationship. This is because being rejected can lead to feelings of rejection, low self-esteem, and a sense of loss of control.

Question 7

Martha and Jan have been having trouble in their relationship for some time. One night when Martha is out, Jan reflects on their relationship and can't help thinking about all the ways things have been going wrong. Their sex life, once passionate, is only so-so; they hardly talk anymore; and Martha no longer seems to like Jan's friends. These late night ruminations best represent the ________ stage of relationship dissolution (Duck, 1982).

Accepted Answer

Intrapersonal stage refers to a stage where an individual reflects on their personal feelings, thoughts, and evaluations of the relationship. In this scenario, Jan is reflecting on their relationship and thinking about all the things that are not going well. Hence, the best choice is A, intrapersonal stage.

Question 8

Which of the following statements is true about communal versus exchange relationships? In communal relationships, partners

Accepted Answer

The answer of Which of the following statements is true...

Question 9

John and Patricia are miserable in their relationship. If John were to use a tactic that is both destructive and passive, he would

Accepted Answer

Ignoring Patricia or spending less time with her while remaining loyal is a destructive and passive tactic, as it avoids communication and resolution of issues in the relationship. This approach will likely make Patricia feel neglected and potentially lead to further damage to their relationship. Healthy communication and effort towards improving the relationship would be a more constructive approach.

Question 10

In their relationship, Marc and Nora both perceive that Marc has been paying more than his fair share of costs and that Nora is receiving more than her fair share of benefits. According to equity theory,

Accepted Answer

According to equity theory, individuals compare their inputs and outcomes to those of their partner in a relationship. In this case, both Marc and Nora perceive an inequity where one partner is contributing more than the other. This can lead to feelings of discomfort and dissatisfaction. However, because Marc is perceiving a financial cost and Nora is perceiving an emotional benefit, Marc may feel more uncomfortable with the situation than Nora. Therefore, choice D is the best answer.

Question 11

Claire and Matt are involved in a romantic relationship. Matt has recently given Claire a gold bracelet. Because there was no special occasion, Claire now feels the need to reciprocate the gift. The ________ theory of relationships is most applicable in this case.

Accepted Answer

The equity theory of relationships is most applicable in this case because it focuses on the balance of contributions within a relationship, where both partners seek to maintain a fair balance of give and take. Claire's feeling that she needs to reciprocate Matt's gift reflects the desire for equity in their relationship.

Question 12

According to research presented in the text, partners who overbenefit in a relationship and partners who underbenefit are likely to feel dissatisfied with their relationships because the powerful social norm of ________ is being violated.

Accepted Answer

Partners who overbenefit receive more benefits than they give in return, while partners who underbenefit give more than they receive. This violates the social norm of equity, which suggests that partners should receive benefits proportional to the effort and resources they contribute to the relationship. As a result, both overbenefiting and underbenefiting partners are likely to feel dissatisfied and perceive the relationship as unfair.

Question 13

Consider the following quote from Hatfield and Rapson (1993): Does "dinner at an expensive restaurant on Monday balance out three nights of neglect due to a heavy workload"? In other words,

Accepted Answer

This quote suggests that a rigid, tit-for-tat approach does not necessarily govern long-term relationships, but rather looser notions of equity. The quote also implies that determining rewards and costs in such relationships can be complex, and that one must consider individuals' investments to predict relationship longevity. Therefore, the best choice is B, which reflects the idea that long-term, intimate relationships are governed by looser notions of equity.

Question 14

Based on research by Akert (1998), which of the following people is most likely to experience such physical disorders as headaches, stomachaches, and trouble sleeping after a breakup?

Accepted Answer

Gene, who was dumped by Linda, is most likely to experience physical disorders after a breakup because being rejected or dumped can lead to more emotional distress and physical symptoms compared to those who initiate the breakup or mutually agree to it.

Question 15

In their relationship, Mark is concerned with maintaining an equal ratio of rewards and costs, whereas Jenn is concerned with being responsive to Mark's needs. Mark views the relationship as a(n) ________ relationship and Jenn views it as a(n) ________ relationship.

Accepted Answer

Mark's concern with maintaining an equal ratio of rewards and costs is characteristic of an exchange relationship, where individuals keep track of each other's contributions and "pay back" accordingly. Conversely, Jenn's concern with being responsive to Mark's needs is characteristic of a communal relationship, where individuals focus on the well-being of their partner without keeping score of rewards and costs. Therefore, Mark views the relationship as an exchange relationship and Jenn views it as a communal relationship.

Question 16

________ theory holds that people are happiest in their relationships when their rewards and costs are comparable to the rewards and costs of their partners.

Accepted Answer

The equity theory proposes that people are happiest in their relationships when their rewards and costs are comparable to the rewards and costs of their partners. This theory is based on the principle of fairness and suggests that people are more satisfied in relationships when their contributions (or efforts put into the relationship) are matched by their partner's contributions. If one partner feels that they are putting in more effort than their partner, they may become dissatisfied and feel that the relationship is unfair. Conversely, if one partner is receiving more rewards than they are putting in effort, they may also feel guilty and dissatisfied. Therefore, equity is important in fostering healthy and satisfying relationships.

Question 17

Which of the following types of relationships is most likely to be an exchange relationship in which partners trade resources "in kind"?

Accepted Answer

Exchange relationships are more common in casual relationships where interactions are often based on equality and repayment, such as trading favors or resources directly and immediately.

Question 18

Jessica has been treating Paul like a king. She pays for all of their dates, and does lots of special things for him. Paul has not been reciprocating this treatment. How is he likely to be feeling, according to equity theory?

Accepted Answer

According to equity theory, individuals strive to maintain a balance between their inputs (such as effort, time, and resources) and outcomes (such as rewards and benefits) in a relationship. When one person is contributing more than the other, it creates an imbalance and feelings of discomfort and guilt for the person not reciprocating. Therefore, Paul is likely to be feeling uncomfortable and guilty for not treating Jessica equally.

Question 19

According to research conducted by Akert (1998), what is the single best predictor of how well ex-partners cope in the aftermath of the dissolution of their relationship?

Accepted Answer

According to Akert's research, the role that ex-partners played in the decision to break up is the single best predictor of how well they will cope in the aftermath of the dissolution of their relationship. This suggests that those who had a say in the decision or initiated the breakup tend to fare better emotionally compared to those who were blindsided and had no role in the decision.

Question 20

Dave has recently taken Jennifer out for a wonderful, elaborate birthday date, which involved all of Jennifer's favorite activities and an expensive gift. However, when Dave's birthday came a week later, Jennifer gave him some flowers and told him that she had too much work to do, so they could not go out anywhere. Remembering the birthday he had given Jennifer a week earlier, Dave was very upset. Jennifer could not understand his anger and told him that she had thought that the gift he had given her was because he loved her, not because he thought he would get a gift later. Dave considers the relationship to be based on ________ and Jennifer considers the relationship to be ________.

Accepted Answer

Dave views the relationship as transactional (exchange), where he expects his efforts to be reciprocated, while Jennifer sees it as communal, based on love and care without the expectation of direct reciprocation.

Quiz 10: Interpersonal Attraction: From First Impressions to Close Relationships

Although equity theory suggests that both partners who are overbenefited and underbenefited feel uncomfortable, the partner who is ________ is more likely to perceive inequality as a problem.

Mike has recently broken up with his girlfriend Maura. According to research conducted by Akert (1998) , over the next few weeks, Mike likely to experience

Why is an exchange approach more common in casual relationships than in long-term relationships?

According to Duck (1982) , relationship dissolution doesn't happen all at once; instead, it is characterized by a series of stages. These stages are, in order:

According to research conducted by Akert (1998) , someone ________ would suffer the most after the dissolution of his or her romantic relationship.

Which of the following statements is true about communal versus exchange relationships? In communal relationships, partners

John and Patricia are miserable in their relationship. If John were to use a tactic that is both destructive and passive, he would

In their relationship, Marc and Nora both perceive that Marc has been paying more than his fair share of costs and that Nora is receiving more than her fair share of benefits. According to equity theory,

Claire and Matt are involved in a romantic relationship. Matt has recently given Claire a gold bracelet. Because there was no special occasion, Claire now feels the need to reciprocate the gift. The ________ theory of relationships is most applicable in this case.

According to research presented in the text, partners who overbenefit in a relationship and partners who underbenefit are likely to feel dissatisfied with their relationships because the powerful social norm of ________ is being violated.

Consider the following quote from Hatfield and Rapson (1993) : Does "dinner at an expensive restaurant on Monday balance out three nights of neglect due to a heavy workload"? In other words,

Based on research by Akert (1998) , which of the following people is most likely to experience such physical disorders as headaches, stomachaches, and trouble sleeping after a breakup?

In their relationship, Mark is concerned with maintaining an equal ratio of rewards and costs, whereas Jenn is concerned with being responsive to Mark's needs. Mark views the relationship as a(n) relationship and Jenn views it as a(n) relationship.

________ theory holds that people are happiest in their relationships when their rewards and costs are comparable to the rewards and costs of their partners.

Which of the following types of relationships is most likely to be an exchange relationship in which partners trade resources "in kind"?

Jessica has been treating Paul like a king. She pays for all of their dates, and does lots of special things for him. Paul has not been reciprocating this treatment. How is he likely to be feeling, according to equity theory?

According to research conducted by Akert (1998) , what is the single best predictor of how well ex-partners cope in the aftermath of the dissolution of their relationship?