Question 1

Social psychologists have long observed that attitudes do not always predict behaviors. When are attitudes most likely to predict spontaneous behaviors?

Accepted Answer

The answer of Social psychologists have long observed that attitudes...

Question 2

Based on research presented by the authors of your text on advertising and women's body image, why is there a concern about ads which feature extremely thin (even anorexic) women?

Accepted Answer

The research presented in the text suggests that there is a concern about ads featuring extremely thin women because they are associated with poor body image, which can have negative effects on women's mental and physical health. The authors note that these ads can contribute to the development of eating disorders and other body image issues, such as low self-esteem and depression. There is no mention in the text of how these ads contradict messages in food ads or make messages in junk food ads less believable, and while there is a connection between anorexia and bulimia, the text does not state that ads featuring extremely thin women tend to increase the risk of bulimia specifically.

Question 3

According to the authors of your text, people's common perceptions of the effectiveness of advertising is ironic in that most people believe ________ are ineffective, but they are actually fairly effective, and most people believe ________ are effective, but they really are not very effective.

Accepted Answer

The answer of According to the authors of your text,...

Question 4

Which of the following is the most accurate statement about advertising?

Accepted Answer

Research has shown that people are often influenced by regular advertising without realizing it, but subliminal advertising has not been proven to have a significant effect.

Question 5

Imagine you are trying to convince someone to buy a computer of brand X using what you know about the association between emotions and persuasion. Describe how you could create an advertisement or a store environment that would persuade individuals to buy your computer. More importantly, explain how your procedures would be persuading individuals at a psychological level. That is, how would individuals be processing your message that would lead to persuasion?

Accepted Answer

The answer of Imagine you are trying to convince someone...

Question 6

An attitude can exist at two levels: implicit and explicit. Define an attitude at each level and explain the distinctions between the two.

Accepted Answer

The answer of An attitude can exist at two levels:...

Question 7

Among the cultural values portrayed in advertisements are those of ideal body types. According to recent research (Grabe, Ward, & Hyde, 2008), how does advertising impact women's satisfaction with their body image?

Accepted Answer

According to Grabe, Ward, & Hyde's (2008) research, advertising tends to put a dip in women's body image, regardless of their weight or previous body image satisfaction.

Question 8

You strongly suspect that your younger brother is no longer a virgin, so you want to persuade him to use condoms each and every time he has sex. How would you use McGuire's (1964) concept of attitude inoculation and the work on resisting peer pressure to make your younger brother immune to later attempts to persuade him to engage in risky sexual activities?

Accepted Answer

The answer of You strongly suspect that your younger brother...

Question 9

According to the authors, a particularly dangerous effect of advertising is that it

Accepted Answer

According to the authors, advertising reinforces and perpetuates stereotypes, which can have a negative impact on society by promoting harmful beliefs and attitudes towards certain groups. A and D are not mentioned, and although B could be argued as a potential danger, the authors specifically highlight the reinforcing of stereotypes as a significant issue.

Question 10

Imagine you want to change someone's attitude on what car to purchase. Describe how you would form your arguments if you wanted to use central routes of persuasion. Then describe how you could form your arguments using peripheral routes of persuasion. Which type of persuasion would lead to long-lasting attitude change?

Accepted Answer

The answer of Imagine you want to change someone's attitude...

Question 11

You are hired by a group concerned with sex and violence in the media. This group wants to persuade children to behave morally and therefore wants to ban all images and messages of violence or sex in the media. From what you know about reactance theory, what would you tell this group?

Accepted Answer

The answer of You are hired by a group concerned...

Question 12

Across cultures, the kind of stereotype found most consistently in advertising is that

Accepted Answer

Across cultures, women are consistently portrayed as passive and dependent in advertising. This stereotype has been found in numerous studies of advertising in various countries and regions. While other stereotypes may also be present in advertising, such as the portrayal of people of color relying on physical attributes or older people as physically weak and needy, the stereotype of women as passive and dependent is the most consistently found.

Question 13

You work for an advertising agency that has just acquired the account for a new software product. Your goal, of course, is to design a television and print campaign to persuade your audience to hold positive attitudes toward the product-and to purchase the product. What factors would you think about in designing your persuasive ads?

Accepted Answer

The answer of You work for an advertising agency that...

Question 14

Do fear-arousing messages work? A social psychologist would probably say, "It depends." It depends on what?

Accepted Answer

The answer of Do fear-arousing messages work? A social psychologist...

Question 15

Briefly compare the classic Yale Attitude Change approach of Hovland and his colleagues with more contemporary approaches such as Petty and Cacioppo's (1986) elaboration likelihood model.

Accepted Answer

The answer of Briefly compare the classic Yale Attitude Change...

Question 16

In the Yale Attitude Change approach, there are three components to attitude change. Identify and describe these three parts of the model. Then state the major criticism of this model.

Accepted Answer

The answer of In the Yale Attitude Change approach, there...

Question 17

How can cognitive dissonance create attitude change? Why isn't it used on mass scales in advertising?

Accepted Answer

The answer of How can cognitive dissonance create attitude change?...

Question 18

Describe when people are more likely to use the central route to persuasion, and when they are more likely to use the peripheral route. When people are using the central route, what will make an appeal more persuasive? When they are using the peripheral route, what will make an appeal more persuasive?

Accepted Answer

The answer of Describe when people are more likely to...

Question 19

Describe the theory of planned behavior as it relates to the power of attitudes to predict deliberative behaviors.

Accepted Answer

The answer of Describe the theory of planned behavior as...

Question 20

In general, what is an attitude? Provide an example of an attitude toward some person or thing, and identify the affective, cognitive, and behavioral components of that attitude.

Accepted Answer

The answer of In general, what is an attitude? Provide...

Quiz 7: Attitudes and Attitude Change: Influencing Thoughts and Feelings