Question 1

One factor that will increase the likelihood that a friendship between two people will develop is

Accepted Answer

The more often two people's paths cross, the more opportunities they have to interact and get to know each other, which can increase the likelihood of a friendship forming.

Question 2

The fact that people prefer letters appearing in their own name illustrates the

Accepted Answer

The mere exposure effect refers to the tendency for people to develop a preference for things that are familiar to them. In the case of preferring letters in one's own name, this can be seen as a result of repeated exposure to those specific letters throughout one's life.

Question 3

Functional distance refers to

Accepted Answer

Functional distance refers to the likelihood of people's paths crossing or the frequency with which they come into contact due to their daily activities or routines. It is not necessarily related to the natural geographic route between two places or the intentional seeking out of a specific person. While the frequency of meeting loved ones may indirectly affect functional distance, it is not a direct measure of it.

Question 4

After learning about a former co-worker who recently passed away due to cancer, you call a loved one. In the context of attraction and intimacy, this is an example of how reminders of death

Accepted Answer

Reminders of death can increase our awareness of our mortality and, as a result, heighten our need to connect with others and feel a sense of belonging. In this scenario, calling a loved one could be seen as a way to fulfill that need for connection and belonging.

Question 5

Even when people have no strong feelings about a product or a candidate, _______ can increase sales or votes.

Accepted Answer

Repetition has been shown to have a powerful effect on people's attitudes and behavior, even when they have no strong initial feelings. By repeatedly exposing individuals to a particular product, candidate or idea, it becomes more familiar and can sway their decisions.

Question 6

Paula has just arrived as a new student on campus and does not know anyone. All else being equal, is she most likely to become friends with Joni who lives next door, with Kristy who lives two doors down, with Beth who lives three doors down, or with Heidi who lives in the room directly above hers?

Accepted Answer

According to the mere exposure effect, people develop a preference for things they are familiar with. In this case, since Paula has just arrived on campus and does not know anyone, she is most likely to become friends with the person who lives closest to her, in this case, Joni who lives next door. Therefore, A is the best choice.

Question 7

If you are new in the office and want to make new friends, your best bet is to get a desk

Accepted Answer

By choosing a desk near where people hang out, you are more likely to naturally interact with your coworkers and potentially make new friends.

Question 8

Darley and Berscheid (1967) gave university women ambiguous information about two other women. Asked how much they liked these people, the participants reported feeling more attracted to the person whom they

Accepted Answer

Participants reported feeling more attracted to the person they expected they would eventually meet, as anticipation of interaction tends to increase attraction.

Question 9

The tendency for novel stimuli to be liked more after repeated exposure to them is referred to as

Accepted Answer

The tendency for novel stimuli to be liked more after repeated exposure to them is known as the mere exposure effect.

Question 10

Which statement is NOT true of the need to belong?

Accepted Answer

The statement "Humans in only some cultures use ostracism to regulate behavior" is not true. Ostracism occurs in a variety of cultures, and is a common method of regulating behavior in some societies.

Question 11

A motivation to bond with others in relationships that provide ongoing, positive interactions is the definition of

Accepted Answer

The need to belong is the motivation to establish and maintain relationships with others who provide ongoing, positive interactions. This need is a fundamental aspect of human nature and drives individuals to seek social connections and to avoid social isolation or rejection.

Question 12

On the basis of his research on the mere exposure effect, Robert Zajonc argued that our emotions are often more _______ than our thinking.

Accepted Answer

The mere exposure effect refers to the phenomenon where the more we are exposed to something, the more we tend to like it. Zajonc's research on this effect suggests that our emotions can be influenced by this type of repeated exposure, without requiring conscious thinking or evaluation. Therefore, our emotional responses can be more instantaneous than our thinking processes.

Question 13

Social ostracism evokes a brain response similar to that triggered by

Accepted Answer

Research has shown that social exclusion or ostracism can activate similar brain regions as physical pain. This suggests that social pain is a real and significant aspect of human experience.

Question 14

Research suggests that randomly assigned college roommates who interact frequently

Accepted Answer

Research suggests that frequently interacting roommates are more likely to become friends than enemies over time. Factors such as shared experiences and mutual interests can contribute to the development of a friendship.

Question 15

You feel obligated to vote in the next election, especially because you are usually the first one to complain about the incumbent president. However, you have not had the time to research the positions taken by the candidates. Social psychologists would confidently predict that you are likely to choose the candidate

Accepted Answer

The social psychology concept of "mere exposure effect" predicts that people tend to develop a preference for things or people they are familiar with or have been exposed to frequently. In this scenario, the candidate whose name you have heard most often is likely to have an advantage because you have been exposed to their name repeatedly through media coverage or conversations with others. This can lead to a familiarity bias where you may assume that the candidate is more competent or trustworthy simply because you have heard their name more often.

Question 16

You are a regular contributor to an Internet chat room. One day the other participants seem to ignore every comment you make. Research on cyberostracism suggests you will likely

Accepted Answer

Research on cyberostracism suggests that being ignored or excluded online can lead to negative emotions, such as stress and feeling depressed. Option A is unlikely as it involves aggressive behavior, and option B is not necessarily true for every individual. Option C is unrelated to the situation and seems like a random response.

Question 17

Research on proximity and social attraction generally supports the view that

Accepted Answer

Research consistently shows that proximity leads to liking and social attraction. People are more likely to develop positive feelings towards others who they are physically close to, and this effect is known as the proximity principle. This is thought to be because greater proximity increases opportunities for interaction and familiarity, which are important factors in forming social connections.

Question 18

Anticipatory liking-expecting that someone will be pleasant and compatible-increases the chance of

Accepted Answer

Anticipatory liking can lead to positive expectations and increased motivation to pursue a relationship. When those expectations are met, it can lead to a rewarding relationship. However, it is important to also be cautious and pay attention to red flags to avoid being exploited or entering into an inequitable or dysfunctional relationship.

Question 19

Williams and Nida (2001) found that when ostracized during an online game, players were _____ to conform to others' wrong judgments on a subsequent perceptual task.

Accepted Answer

Williams and Nida found that players who were ostracized online were more likely to conform to others' wrong judgments on a subsequent task, indicating the effect of social exclusion on behavior.

Question 20

In an experiment by Zajonc and his colleagues, participants were exposed to brief novel passages of music while they focused their attention on other tasks. Results indicated that mere exposure led to liking

Accepted Answer

In the experiment by Zajonc and his colleagues, results indicated that mere exposure led to liking even when people were unaware of what they had been exposed to.

Quiz 11: What Drives Us: Hunger, Sex, Friendship, and Achievement