Question 1

Male ejaculation occurs as powerful, rhythmic contractions appear in which of the following muscles?

Accepted Answer

Male ejaculation occurs as powerful, rhythmic contractions appear in the ischiocavernosus and bulbospongiosus muscles located at the base of the penis. These contractions facilitate the expulsion of semen during ejaculation.

Question 2

During the male climacteric,

Accepted Answer

During the male climacteric (also known as andropause), the levels of follicle-stimulating hormone (FSH) and luteinizing hormone (LH) rise, leading to decreased testosterone production from the testes. This hormonal shift can cause a variety of symptoms, including decreased sex drive, erectile dysfunction, and hot flashes, similar to those experienced by women during menopause. However, sperm production does not cease entirely, and the size of the penis does not necessarily shrink (although erectile dysfunction may make it appear smaller). There is no clear consensus on whether sexual activity increases or decreases during this period. Overall, the male climacteric is a natural and gradual process that affects each man differently.

Question 3

Menopause is accompanied by a decline in

Accepted Answer

Menopause is marked by the decline in levels of both estrogen and progesterone. This decline leads to the cessation of ovulation and the end of the menstrual cycle. While there is also a decrease in follicle-stimulating hormone (FSH) and luteinizing hormone (LH), it is the decline in estrogen and progesterone that is most closely associated with menopause.

Question 4

Emission

Accepted Answer

Emission begins with peristaltic contractions of the ductus deferens, which help propel sperm into the urethra in preparation for ejaculation.

Question 5

Identify the notable risk factor associated with breast cancer.

Accepted Answer

Family history of breast cancer is a well-known and notable risk factor for developing breast cancer, particularly if a first-degree relative (mother, sister, daughter) has had the disease. Other factors mentioned in the options, such as a poor diet, early pregnancy, and late/early onset of menstruation/menopause, may have some association with breast cancer risk but are not as strong or definitive as having a family history.

Question 6

Jerry was in an automobile accident that severed his spinal cord at the L3 level. After his recovery, he wonders if he will still be able to have an erection. What would you tell him?

Accepted Answer

The answer of Jerry was in an automobile accident that...

Question 7

Currently, approximately how many bacterial, viral, and fungal infections are characterized as sexually transmitted diseases (STDs)?

Accepted Answer

There are currently 24 bacterial, viral, and fungal infections characterized as sexually transmitted diseases (STDs). This includes well-known infections such as chlamydia, gonorrhea, herpes, HPV, syphilis, and HIV, as well as lesser-known infections such as trichomoniasis and mycoplasma genitalium.

Question 8

Which of the following contraceptive strategies will least likely result in an unwanted pregnancy?

Accepted Answer

Vasectomy is the most effective contraceptive strategy because it is a permanent method of birth control.

Question 9

Female orgasm is accompanied by peristaltic contractions of the uterine and vaginal walls and by rhythmic contractions of which of the following muscles?

Accepted Answer

The ischiocavernosus and bulbospongiosus muscles are responsible for the rhythmic contractions during female orgasm. The erector spinae and internal oblique muscles are not involved in these contractions.

Question 10

The subsidence, known as detumescence in the male, is mediated by the

Accepted Answer

Detumescence, or the subsidence of an erection, is primarily mediated by the sympathetic nervous system, which facilitates the constriction of blood vessels and the reduction of blood flow to the penis.

Question 11

A young couple desires to start a family later, but they currently rely on the rhythm method and are uncomfortable with the thought of hormonal contraceptives. What additional form of birth control would you advise them to use?

Accepted Answer

The answer of A young couple desires to start a...

Question 12

The time in which ovulation and menstruation cease is called

Accepted Answer

Menopause is the term used to describe the time in which ovulation and menstruation cease in women.

Question 13

Marissa is an avid marathon runner, and she trains incessantly. She has slimmed down so that she is now underweight for her height and has very little fat tissue. One would expect Marissa to

Accepted Answer

Women who engage in excessive exercise and lose a significant amount of weight may experience amenorrhea, the absence of menstrual periods. This is because their bodies are in a state of energy deficit and may not have enough energy to support reproductive functions.

Question 14

What may be the most likely reason for the existence of polar bodies?

Accepted Answer

Polar bodies are a byproduct of meiosis in female gametogenesis, serving to discard the extra set of chromosomes, thus ensuring the egg (oocyte) has the correct number of chromosomes for fertilization.

Question 15

The most commonly prescribed oral contraceptives use small amounts of estrogen, or only

Accepted Answer

The most commonly prescribed oral contraceptives use small amounts of progesterone, either alone or in combination with estrogen.

Question 16

Regarding hormones and body temperature, which statement is true?

Accepted Answer

During the follicular phase, when estrogen is the dominant hormone, the resting body temperature is 0.3°C lower than it is during the luteal phase. This is due to the thermogenic properties of progesterone, which is dominant during the luteal phase, leading to a slight increase in body temperature. The monthly hormonal fluctuations do affect body temperature.

Question 17

In males and females, the process of arousal is under the control of

Accepted Answer

The answer of In males and females, the process of...

Question 18

The process of emission is under the control of

Accepted Answer

The process of emission, which is the movement of semen into the urethra, is under the control of the sympathetic nervous system. This system is responsible for activating the muscles that propel semen from the vas deferens into the urethra and for triggering the release of seminal fluid from the prostate gland and seminal vesicles. The parasympathetic nervous system, on the other hand, is responsible for sexual arousal and erection, but not for emission.

Quiz 19: The Reproductive System